Punctuation

Peryot

İngiliz İngilizcesinde nokta olarak da bilinen peryot, bir cümlenin sonunu işaret eder. Noktalar ayrıca kısaltmaları ifade etmek, tam sayıları ondalık sayılardan ayırmak ve eksiltiler (cümlenin bir kısmının eksik olduğunu gösteren üç nokta) oluşturmak için de kullanılır.

Mr. Pirez was happy to be part of the new team.

I woke up at 6 a.m. on the dot.

They spent $76.37 in total.

Then he took the microphone, and we all know what happened next…

Virgül

İngilizcede virgüller cümleleri yönetilebilir parçalara ayırır. İşte virgül kullanmanın farklı yolları.

İsimleri, Fiilleri ve Sıfatları Ayırma

She studied math, geography, history and political science that semester.

I will take almonds, pine nuts, Brazil nuts and macadamias please.

He was so happy he jumped, yelled and danced all the way home.

Yesterday I tripped, dropped my bag and cut my hand falling down the stairs.

My sister is a smart, funny, ambitious and generous person.

I was not impressed by the rusty, dirty and generally beat up car he had for sale.

Bağımsız Yan Cümleleri Ayırma

We drove home, we did all of the laundry, after that we fell asleep.

I will go tomorrow, I might even get there early.

Sınırlamasız Yan Cümleleri Ayırma

The party, which started at 7 p.m., was for her thirtieth birthday.

My grandma, who is Hungarian, loves to knit scarves for all of her grandchildren.

Etiket Soruları

He left work at noon, didn't he?

We’ve been on the waitlist for months, haven't we?

Ünlemler

Wait, you don't have the tickets?

Hmm, this isn't exactly what I meant.

We're having ham for dinner, yes.

Ünlem İşareti

Ünlem işaretleri şaşkınlık, hayret ifade etmek veya vurgu yapmak için kullanılır.

Oh my goodness!

You can't be serious!

Turn the music down right now!

Soru işareti

Soru işareti İngilizcede soru soran bir kelimeyi, deyimi veya yan cümleyi gösterir.

Where are you going later?

Marc likes chicken, doesn't he?

Is my backpack in the backseat of your car?

You do?

İki nokta üst üste

İki nokta üst üste, bir liste veya açıklamadan önce gelen bir noktalama işaretidir.

I chose five subjects to study this term: psychology, sociology, biology, chemistry and physics.

There were only two rules: keep your room clean and help out with the cooking.

I had one thing on my mind: how to make as much money as possible that summer.

Noktalı virgül

Noktalı virgüller uzun liste öğelerini ayırır ve bağımsız yan cümleleri birbirine bağlar. Virgülden daha güçlüdürler ancak nokta kadar nihai değildirler.

I hate doing laundry; all of the separating annoys me.

Many world landmarks, the Matsushima islands in northeastern Japan; the Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy; the Angkor Wat temple complex in Cambodia; Yosemite National Park in the United States and Victoria Falls between Zambia and Zimbabwe, were still on his bucket list.

Tırnak İşareti

Tırnak işaretleri, başka birinin söylediği bir şeyi aynen yazarken kullanılır.

He told me to "start acting like an adult or leave"!

In my opinion the most beautiful thing shakespeare ever wrote was "This above all: to thine ownself be true. And it must follow, as the night the day, Thou canst not then be false to any man."

I wasn't quite sure what she meant by "respectable clothes", so I wore this suit." %}

Kesme İşareti

İngilizce'de kesme işaretinin iki kullanımı vardır. Kesme işaretleri, kaynaşmalarda eksik harflerin yerine geçer:

He can't (cannot) come to work today, he's sick.

You shouldn't (should not) smoke in the hospital.

I'm (I am) running late!

Kesme işaretinin bir diğer kullanımı da sahiplik göstermek içindir:

Miranda's purse was stolen from her car.

The school's front gate is locked.

The bus' window had been smashed in the storm.

The women's bathroom line up was very long.

Kısa Çizgi

Kısa çizgi, İngilizce'de birleşik kelimeler ve kelime bölünmesi için kullanılır.

The ghost-like figure stood at the window.

My eight-year-old sister came first in the race.

One-fifth of the team had forgotten their hockey sticks.

She kept her computer up-to-date with the latest security software.

Parantezler

Parantezler virgüllere benzer şekilde kullanılır, cümlenin anlamı için mutlaka gerekli olmayan ekstra bilgileri gösterirler.

Her bedroom (which was the biggest) had a huge window overlooking the lake.

I didn’t go to the party (I would have seen him if I did).

One-fifth of the team had forgotten their hockey sticks.

The car (a 2012 Subaru Outback) was filthy from the drive through the field.