NEOLIBERALISMO | QUER QUE DESENHE | MAPA MENTAL
NEOLIBERALISM|WANTS|THAT|I DRAW|MAP|MENTAL
NEOLIBERISMO | VOGLIO DISEGNARE | MAPPA MENTALE
NEOLIBERALISM | WANT ME TO DRAW | MIND MAP
Fala, pessoal, tudo bem? Eu sou o Ricardo
Hey|everyone|all|good|I|am|the|Ricardo
Hey everyone, how's it going? I'm Ricardo
e no Quer Que Desenhe de hoje nós vamos falar sobre o neoliberalismo,
and|in the|Wants|That|Draw|of|today|we|will|talk|about|the|neoliberalism
and in today's Want Me To Draw, we're going to talk about neoliberalism,
mas antes de finalmente entender tudo e tirar onda nesse assunto,
but|before|of|finally|to understand|everything|and|to take|wave|in this|subject
but before we finally understand everything and show off on this topic,
vai ali na descrição e baixe o mapa mental completo e de graça.
go|there|in the|description|and|download|the|mind|map|complete|and|for|free
go there in the description and download the complete and free mind map.
Se inscreva no canal e garanta seu desconto
If|you subscribe|to the|channel|and|secure|your|discount
Subscribe to the channel and secure your discount
para assinar o Descomplica no precinho.
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Prontos? Vamos lá!
Ready|Let's|go
Ready? Let's go!
Afinal o que é neoliberalismo, que tanto se fala hoje em dia?
After all|the|what|is|neoliberalism|that|so much|is|talked|today|in|day
After all, what is neoliberalism, which is talked about so much these days?
Para começarmos, o neoliberalismo é uma política econômica
To|start|the|neoliberalism|is|a|policy|economic
To begin with, neoliberalism is an economic policy
que ficou vigente no mundo a partir dos anos 70.
which|became|effective|in|world|from|starting|from|years
that became prevalent in the world starting in the 1970s.
Para você entender direitinho, é importante saber um pouco
For|you|to understand|correctly|is|important|to know|a|little
To understand it properly, it's important to know a little
sobre o contexto do liberalismo pré-anos 30,
about|the|context|of|liberalism||
about the context of liberalism before the 1930s,
assim você vai entender melhor as diferenças.
this way|you|will|understand|better|the|differences
this way you will better understand the differences.
Então, vamos lá, as principais características do liberalismo são:
So|let's|go|the|main|characteristics|of|liberalism|are
So, let's go, the main characteristics of liberalism are:
A manutenção da propriedade privada, o livre mercado
The|maintenance|of|private|property||free|market
The maintenance of private property, the free market
e principalmente a mão invisível, na qual o mercado se autorregula
and|mainly|the|hand|invisible|in which|which|the|market|itself|self-regulates
and mainly the invisible hand, in which the market self-regulates
a partir da competição e da própria taxa dos preços.
from|starting|from the|competition|and|from the|own|rate|of the|prices
based on competition and the price rate itself.
A partir daí, com a crise de 29,
From|from|there on|with|the|crisis|of
From there, with the crisis of 29,
que é uma crise de superprodução, de concessão de créditos indevidos
which|is|a|crisis|of|overproduction|of|granting|of|credits|undue
which is a crisis of overproduction, of granting undue credits.
e que ao mesmo tempo estimulou o consumismo,
and|that|at the|same|time|stimulated|the|consumerism
and at the same time stimulated consumerism,
passa a ser exigido uma maior intervenção do Estado na economia,
becomes|a|to be|required|a|greater|intervention|of|State|in|economy
a greater intervention of the State in the economy is required,
o chamado Keynesianismo e o que seria esse período?
the|so-called|Keynesianism|and|the|what|would be|this|period
what is called Keynesianism and what would this period be?
Bem, o que é Keynesianismo se baseava a alta arrecadação de impostos
Well|the|what|is|Keynesianism|itself|was based|the|high|collection|of|taxes
Well, what Keynesianism was based on was high tax collection.
e por consequência, altos gastos públicos em benefício sociais, o welfare states .
and|by|consequence|high|spending|public|in|benefit|social|the|welfare|state
and consequently, high public spending on social benefits, the welfare states.
O Keynesianismo foi o período de intervenção do estado na economia,
The|Keynesianism|was|the|period|of|intervention|of|state|in|economy
Keynesianism was the period of state intervention in the economy,
essa intervenção continuou até mais ou menos os anos 70,
this|intervention|continued|until|more|or|less|the|years
this intervention continued until around the 1970s,
quando alguns fatores começaram a pressionar
when|some|factors|started|to|press
when some factors began to exert pressure
em favor de um neoliberalismo ao redor do mundo.
in|favor|of|a|neoliberalism|around|the|of|world
in favor of neoliberalism around the world.
Dentre esses fatores, alguns mais importantes merecem ser citados,
Among|these|factors|some|more|important|deserve|to be|mentioned
Among these factors, some more important ones deserve to be mentioned,
como: A crise do petróleo, o Toyotismo,
like|The|crisis|of|oil|the|Toyotism
such as: The oil crisis, Toyotism,
que flexibiliza bastante os meios de produção e o endividamento estatal.
that|flexibilizes|quite|the|means|of|production|and|the|indebtedness|state
which greatly flexibilizes the means of production and state indebtedness.
Dessa forma, muitos Estados ao redor do mundo estavam endividados,
This|way|many|States|around|the|of|world|were|indebted
In this way, many states around the world were in debt,
já que era caro sustentar o Keynesianismo e direitos básicos
already|that|was|expensive|to sustain|the|Keynesianism|and|rights|basic
since it was expensive to sustain Keynesianism and basic rights
com altos juros no mercado internacional
with|high|interest rates|in the|market|international
with high interest rates in the international market
e a redução do consumo graças a crise econômica.
and|the|reduction|of|consumption|thanks to|the|economic|crisis
and the reduction of consumption due to the economic crisis.
Além disso, o aumento dos fluxos internacionais,
Moreover|of that|the|increase|of the|flows|international
Furthermore, the increase in international flows,
que está muito relacionado ao Toyotismo passa por vários fluxos de mercadoria,
that|is|very|related|to the|Toyotism|passes|through|several|flows|of|goods
which is closely related to Toyotism, involves various flows of goods,
de capital, de pessoas e pela influência do desenvolvimento tecnológico,
of|capital|of|people|and|by the|influence|of|development|technological
capital, people, and the influence of technological development,
o que demanda a necessidade de reduzir um pouco as barreiras fiscais
what|that|demands|the|need|to|reduce|a|little|the|barriers|fiscal
which necessitates the need to slightly reduce fiscal barriers.
para facilitar a troca comercial entre esses países.
to|facilitate|the|trade|commercial|between|these|countries
to facilitate trade between these countries.
Dessa forma, buscando-se uma solução para o Estado que estava sobrecarregado,
This|way|||a|solution|for|the|State|that|was|overloaded
In this way, seeking a solution for the overburdened State,
surge o Consenso de Washington, uma recomendação aos países da América Latina.
arises|the|Consensus|of|Washington|a|recommendation|to the|countries|of|America|Latina
the Washington Consensus emerges, a recommendation to the countries of Latin America.
Além de ser uma recomendação,
Besides|of|being|a|recommendation
In addition to being a recommendation,
o Consenso embasou o Fundo Monetário Internacional, o FMI e Banco Mundial,
the|Consensus|underpinned|the|Fund|Monetary|International|the|IMF|and|Bank|World
the Consensus underpinned the International Monetary Fund, the IMF and World Bank,
para ajudar financeiramente os países em desenvolvimento
to|help|financially|the|countries|in|development
to financially assist developing countries
e os subdesenvolvidos que estivessem passando por dificuldades,
and|the|underdeveloped|who|were|going|through|difficulties
and underdeveloped countries that were facing difficulties,
porém, a história não é tão fácil assim,
but|the|story|not|is|so|easy|like that
however, the story is not that simple,
essa ajuda financeira tinha uma condição,
this|help|financial|had|a|condition
this financial aid had a condition,
os países precisavam adotar as medidas do Consenso de Washington,
the|countries|needed|to adopt|the|measures|of|Consensus|of|Washington
the countries needed to adopt the measures of the Washington Consensus,
que eram: A reorientação dos gastos públicos
which|were|The|reorientation|of the|expenditures|public
which were: The reorientation of public spending
para que desse modo os setores de forte retorno econômico fossem priorizados,
so that|that|such|way|the|sectors|of|strong|return|economic|would be|prioritized
so that the sectors with high economic returns would be prioritized,
ao contrário dos gastos sociais;
to|contrary|of|spending|social
unlike social spending;
e tinham também as privatizações de empresas públicas;
and|had|also|the|privatizations|of|companies|public
and they also had the privatization of public companies;
a eliminação de barreiras fiscais;
the|elimination|of|barriers|fiscal
the elimination of tax barriers;
a desregulamentação do mercado e a proteção da propriedade privada.
the|deregulation|of|market|and|the|protection|of|property|private
the deregulation of the market and the protection of private property.
Então, a partir de todo esse contexto político que acabamos de explicar
So|from|starting|of|all|this|context|political|that|we just|of|explain
So, from all this political context that we have just explained
e para entender as características do neoliberalismo de forma clara,
and|to|understand|the|characteristics|of|neoliberalism|in|way|clear
and to understand the characteristics of neoliberalism clearly,
vamos a sua definição: O Estado deve garantir os direitos básicos da população,
let's|to|your|definition|The|State|must|guarantee|the|rights|basic|of the|population
let's go to its definition: The state must guarantee the basic rights of the population,
dessa forma tendo alguma atuação,
this|way|having|some|performance
thus having some level of intervention,
deve mediar as relações de modo a garantir a sua população serviços básicos públicos
must|mediate|the|relations|of|way|to|guarantee|the|its|population|services|basic|public
must mediate relations in order to guarantee its population basic public services
em setores estratégicos como transporte, educação e saúde.
in|sectors|strategic|such as|transportation|education|and|health
in strategic sectors such as transportation, education, and health.
No mundo empresarial ficam mais constantes as: Privatizações de empresas estatais,
In|world|business|become|more|constant|the|Privatizations|of|companies|state-owned
In the business world, the following become more constant: Privatizations of state-owned companies,
a desregulamentação, o Estado mínimo,
the|deregulation|the|State|minimal
deregulation, the minimal state,
a continuação do livre mercado,
the|continuation|of|free|market
the continuation of the free market,
que acaba por aumentar a competitividade empresarial,
which|ends|up|increasing|the|competitiveness|business
which ultimately increases business competitiveness,
dificultando o crescimento de pequenas e médias empresas
hindering|the|growth|of|small|and|medium|businesses
making it difficult for small and medium enterprises to grow
e formando também os oligopólios ao redor do mundo,
and|forming|also|the|oligopolies|around|the|of|world
and also forming oligopolies around the world,
já que com a competição, a aglutinação de empresa surge,
already|since|with|the|competition|the|agglomeration|of|company|arises
since with competition, the agglomeration of companies arises,
assim também temos como consequência disso a expansão da atuação das transnacionais
thus|also|we have|as|consequence|of this|the|expansion|of the|operation|of the|transnational corporations
we also have as a consequence the expansion of the operations of transnational companies
alinhadas com as medidas toyotistas e flexíveis, no contexto trabalhista,
aligned|with|the|measures|Toyota production system|and|flexible|in the|context|labor
aligned with toyotist and flexible measures, in the labor context,
no qual o indivíduo se torna empreendedor dele mesmo.
in|which|the|individual|himself|becomes|entrepreneur|of himself|same
in which the individual becomes an entrepreneur of himself.
Além das suas principais características que acabamos de citar,
Besides|of the|your|main|characteristics|that|we just|of|mention
In addition to its main characteristics that we have just mentioned,
também é importante falarmos das suas principais críticas,
also|is|important|to talk|about the|your|main|criticisms
it is also important to talk about its main criticisms,
que são: O aumento da desigualdade social,
that|are|The|increase|of|inequality|social
which are: The increase in social inequality,
a precariedade trabalhista, a redução da soberania nacional,
the|precariousness|labor|the|reduction|of the|sovereignty|national
labor precariousness, the reduction of national sovereignty,
ao mesmo tempo que as grandes corporações multinacionais
at|same|time|as|the|large|corporations|multinational
at the same time that large multinational corporations
passam a ter maior influência nas decisões do próprio Estado.
begin|to|have|greater|influence|in the|decisions|of|own|State
begin to have greater influence on the decisions of the State itself.
Além disso, o neoliberalismo freia o desenvolvimento econômico
Furthermore|of that|the|neoliberalism|hinders|the|development|economic
Furthermore, neoliberalism hinders economic development
dos países mais pobres, que dentro da divisão internacional do trabalho
of|countries|most|poor|that|within|of the|division|international|of the|labor
in poorer countries, which within the international division of labor
ficam caracterizadas como exportadores de commodities,
are|characterized|as|exporters|of|commodities
are characterized as exporters of commodities,
produtos de baixo valor agregado,
products|of|low|value|added
low value-added products,
enquanto países desenvolvidos crescem nos avanços tecnológicos,
while|countries|developed|grow|in the|technological advances|technological
while developed countries grow in technological advancements,
caracterizarando um desenvolvimento desigual e combinado,
characterizing|a|development|unequal|and|combined
characterizing an unequal and combined development,
que aumenta progressivamente a desigualdade entre as nações.
that|increases|progressively|the|inequality|between|the|nations
which progressively increases inequality between nations.
O avanço da competitividade no mundo e a abertura comercial
The|advancement|of|competitiveness|in|world|and|the|opening|trade
The advancement of competitiveness in the world and trade openness
alteram as relações espaciais e sociais,
change|the|relationships|spatial|and|social
alter spatial and social relations,
permitindo identificar o aumento da capitalização de diversas dessas relações.
allowing|to identify|the|increase|of|capitalization|of|several|of these|relationships
allowing the identification of the increase in the capitalization of several of these relations.
Onde existe muita competição,
Where|there is|much|competition
Where there is a lot of competition,
muitos setores passam a ser vistos como oportunidade de mercado,
many|sectors|begin|to|be|seen|as|opportunity|of|market
many sectors start to be seen as market opportunities,
de modo que a água, o ar, a terra,
in|such|that|the|water|the|air|the|earth
so that water, air, land,
a qualidade de vida, passam a ter valor financeiro,
the|quality|of|life|begin|to|have|financial value|financial
and quality of life begin to have financial value,
assim como o homem, passa a ser entendido como mercadoria
just|like|the|man|begins|to|be|understood|as|commodity
just like man, begins to be understood as a commodity
do ponto de vista do consumo e do emprego.
from|point|of|view|of|consumption|and|of|employment
from the perspective of consumption and employment.
Por fim, mais uma ponderação importante, era a redução dos investimentos sociais,
Finally|end|another|one|consideration|important|was|the|reduction|of the|investments|social
Finally, one more important consideration was the reduction of social investments,
que falamos lá atrás do Consenso de Washington,
that|we talked|back|earlier|of|Consensus|of|Washington
which we mentioned earlier regarding the Washington Consensus,
sobre a priorização dos gastos que possui retorno mais rápido
about|the|prioritization|of|expenses|that|have|return|more|quickly
about prioritizing spending that has a quicker return
em detrimento dos gastos com despesas sociais, por exemplo.
in|detriment|of the|spending|with|social|expenses|for|example
to the detriment of spending on social expenses, for example.
Ufa, quanta coisa! Esperamos que você não tenha só curtindo, como entendido,
Phew|how much|stuff|We hope|that|you|not|have|only|enjoying|as|understood
Phew, so much information! We hope you haven't just enjoyed it, but also understood,
agora, não se esquece de baixar o mapa mental em alta qualidade aqui na descrição
now|not|yourself|forgets|to|download|the|map|mental|in|high|quality|here|in the|description
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para você continuar estudando.
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Até a próxima!
Until|the|next
See you next time!
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openai.2025-02-07
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