The Alphabet

The Alphabet - Η αλφαβήτα

The Greek alphabet is comprised of 24 letters, 7 vowels and 17 consonants.

Lowercase - μικρά
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ σ (ς) τ υ φ χ ψ ω

UPPERCASE - ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΑ
Α Β Γ Δ Ε Ζ Η Θ Ι Κ Λ Μ Ν Ξ Ο Π Ρ Σ Τ Υ Φ Χ Ψ Ω

Character	Name in Greek	Pronunciation	IPA
α	άλφα	alpha	[a]
β	βήτα	beta	[v]
γ	γάμμα	gamma	[γ]
δ	δέλτα	delta	[ð]
ε	έψιλον	epsilon	[e]
ζ	ζήτα	zeta	[z]
η	ήτα	eta	[i]
θ	θήτα	theta	[θ]
ι	γιώτα	iota	[i]
κ	κάπα	kappa	[k]
λ	λάμδα	lamda	[l]
μ	μι	mi	[m]
ν	νι	ni	[n]
ξ	ξι	xi	[x]
ο	όμικρον	omikron	[o]
π	πι	pi	[p]
ρ	ρο	rho	[r]
σ	σίγμα	sigma	[s]
τ	ταυ	taf	[t]
υ	ύψιλον	ypsilon	[i]
φ	φι	fi	[f]
χ	χι	hi	[h]
ψ	ψι	psi	[ps]
ω	ωμέγα	omega	[o]

The letter ς is only used in the end of a word. At the beginning or in between the word, σ is always used. For example σχολείο (school) and τροχός (wheel).

The Greek language also has other sounds of cluster vowels, called diphthongs:
οι, ευ, αυ, αι, ου, ει.

They can all be pronounced in various ways, depending on different circumstances in which they occur.

There are also consonant clusters: τζ [dz], τσ [tʃ], γγ [g], γκ [g], ντ [d], μπ [b].