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Luke's ENGLISH podcast, TEN TOP TIPS for Learning English (Tips 1-4)

TEN TOP TIPS for Learning English (Tips 1-4)

1.

Watch movies and TV in English.

Now, this is what people always say, but it can work really well if you do it right.

So, there is a right way for using movies and TV to improve your English. So, here are some specific tips for that.

First of all, you should repeat watch a movie that you love in English.

So, find the movie that you really love. You might have seen it in your first language or you might have, you know, watched it with subtitles in your language and you know it well. So, get that movie that you love and watch it again and again in English, okay? You could watch it with subtitles and then watch it again without the subtitles. You could even do things like this: you could even put your phone in front of the TV or the computer, play the movie and record the audio of the movie on your phone, and then listen to it when you are out and about.

So, essentially just if you love a movie a lot, it is more likely that you're going to remember the lines from the film. And those lines are going to mean something to you personally. And if they mean something to you personally, they are going to stick with you a lot more vividly, okay? So, find the film that you love for whatever reason and get the lines, the English from that film and get them into your head. So, you know, you're going to need to think outside the box when you are learning English. So, this means: don't just sit and watch a movie. Find new ways to get the English in that movie into your head and then out of your mouth, okay?

So, yeah.

Watch the movie with subtitles in English, great. That is going to help you to see the words and phrases and maybe to identify differences in the way that these words and phrases are being spoken and the way that they are spelled. That's great. But then watch the movie again without the subtitles, and that's going to mean you just focus on the words and the pronunciation and all that sorts of stuff. Also, when you watch movies again and again and again, you notice little details and you actually get a finer appreciation of the script and everything like that.

But yeah, think outside the box. Record the audio of the movie on your phone and then listen to the audio when you are on the train or something. And what you could do is recreate parts of the film on your own. Learn bits of the script and repeat the script on your own and try copy the characters. So, remember to go the extra distance and think outside the box. Okay.

2.

Find the book that you know quite well.

So, this is basically the same thing as the movie, but with the book.

So, what's your favorite book? Find a book that you love and you know well and read it in English and also listen to the audiobook. If you get the unabridged audiobook, that means that the text in the audiobook and the text in the real book will be exactly the same, and you can then listen and read at the same time. But read the book in English, listen to the audiobook in English, read and listen at the same time, listen separately, read separately, do these little things. You don't have to read the entire book. Just focus on a few passages that you love. You could learn them. You could repeat them again and again and again. Record yourself reading out those pages from the book and focus on making the dialogue or the prose in the book come to life by using your voice.

Now, if you read the book that you already know, that's going to help again. Because, you know, you will be able to read it again and again and again, and you're not going to get bored. Also you already know the story if you are familiar with the book from your first language. So, reading it in English means that you can then explore it in terms of the language, in the specifics of the language, because you know this, the plot of by heart. So, do that and also listen to the audiobook version. And imagine listening to all those lines of that book that you love so much. Imagine listening to them in English again and again and again. It's a really good way. You have got to create a really close relationship with the language to the point where you feel like you own the English that you have, you know? Alright.

3.

Keep two notebooks.

So, definitely you should keep at least one notebook where you write down words and things.

But I think you should keep two notebooks. So, go down to the stationary shop and buy two nice notebooks. Buy notebooks, you know, spend a little bit of money, buy some nice ones. Notebooks are lovely, lovely things. I love notebooks. I love buying notebooks. I have got loads of empty notebooks in my flat that I haven't written in yet. Just because I love notebooks. So, notebooks are brilliant, they are lovely items. Go out and treat yourself to two nice notebooks and then actually use them.

So, notebook number 1 is used for scribbling things down quickly and keeping quick notes.

So, you keep notebook 1 with you when you're listening to something or watching a movie or reading a book or engaging in conversation with someone: maybe your teacher on italki, or your teacher in a classroom, or your language partner, or whoever it is. You've got notebook number 1. That's where you write down things really, really quickly. And it's usually a bit of a mess. It's a bit of a shambles. There are bits written here and there. Some of the text is written upside down because your friend is writing from the other side of the table. And it's all a bit of a mess and it's a shambles, and you have written stuff down very, very quickly without really thinking about it too much. It's all done in the heat of the moment. That's notebook number 1. Then, notebook number 2 is where you keep an organised record of words and grammar rules and any other little details that you need to help you remember the language, okay?

So, notebook number 2 is going to be like your own home-made bible for English. And you're going to write it yourself. And that is where you write new words and, as I said, grammar rules or little bits of advice or mnemonics which are going to help you remember things. And when you write new words in your notebook, don't just write the translation from your first language. Be careful of doing that. You should look for other things. Again, think outside the box. You might need to create your own version of the phonemic script, so that you know exactly how these words are pronounced, or learn the real phonemic script so that you can write phonemes which is really going to help you learn pronunciation. If you know the phonemes and you're able to transcribe words in phonemes and you can definitely learn how to do that. In fact, that is a sub-point: Learn the phonemic script and practise by writing things out in the phonemic script. And then checking the phonemic versions in a dictionary. Yeah, so in your notebook number 2 you write out little bits of phonemic script. You also write some examples and little things to help you remember. So that's notebook number 1 and notebook number 2, okay? And then, once you have done that you go back to notebook number 2 and you go through it again.

And look at the notes that you wrote. And you don't worry. You don't have to write a lot. Just write something regularly, like a little bit every day or every time you learn something write something down. And eventually over time you'll find that that notebook is full of a record of every single thing that you have learned. And you can go back to it. You can read it again. And that's going to be massively powerful for your learning, alright? So, notebook number 1 – bang, bang, bang!

Lots of ideas – bla, bla, bla. It all… like your brain empties out onto the page. Notebook number 2 is the organised, refined and tidy version. And that's the one you can read again, and again, and again. And if you have produced really good organised notebooks, you can keep them forever. You can give them to your kids and things like that, you know. These could be really, really useful records of your learning history. Okay.

4.

Use mnemonic devices to help you remember things.

It's difficult to remember all the words. So, you're going to need to find clever ways to keep those words in your brain. And essentially, what you need to do is think of vivid images for new words. Think of examples that are vivid and visualise them, think of genuinely visual images for new words, okay? And anything at all, anything as long as it sticks in your memory, but you need to try to think of some very vivid visual image for new things. Even if there isn't an obvious visual connection to a word, you might need to create one. And that can be written down in your notebook, just a little reminder of an image to help you remember the word, also associations with things you already know.

So when you get the new word, you need to kind of combine it with words that you already know.

So, let's say, you've just learned the word (I don't know, what could the word be). Let's say, the word is ‘a bet'. If you have just learned the word ‘I bet': ‘I bet that he arrives late again,' which is a bit like saying: ‘I expect that he is going to arrive late again. I bet that he is going to arrive late again.' And that word is based on gambling, isn't it? ‘To bet something' is like to put money on something, because you think is going to happen. So: ‘I bet that he is going to arrive late again.' Every time you use the word ‘bet', imagine actually placing a bet, imagine you're throwing money onto the table, like you've got a bunch of notes in your hand: ‘I bet he is going to be late again. I bet!' You put the notes down on the table like that. That kind of thing. So, you know, think outside the box. Mnemonic devices can really help you remember words.

TEN TOP TIPS for Learning English (Tips 1-4) TEN TOP TIPS zum Englischlernen (Tipps 1-4) DIEZ CONSEJOS PARA APRENDER INGLÉS (Consejos 1-4) Dix conseils pour apprendre l'anglais (conseils 1-4) DIECI CONSIGLI PER IMPARARE L'INGLESE (Consigli 1-4) 英語学習のための10の秘訣（Tips 1-4） 영어 학습을 위한 10가지 팁(팁 1-4) TEN TOP WSKAZÓWKI do nauki języka angielskiego (Wskazówki 1-4) TEN TOP TIPS para aprender inglês (Dicas 1-4) Десять лучших советов по изучению английского языка (советы 1-4) İngilizce Öğrenmek için EN İYİ ON İPUCU (İpuçları 1-4) ДЕСЯТЬ найкращих порад для вивчення англійської мови (поради 1-4) 学习英语的十大技巧（技巧 1-4） 学习英语的十大技巧（技巧 1-4）

1. 1

Watch movies and TV in English. Assista a filmes e TV em inglês.

Now, this is what people always say, but it can work really well if you do it right. Ahora, esto es lo que la gente siempre dice, pero puede funcionar muy bien si lo haces bien. Agora, é isso que as pessoas sempre dizem, mas pode funcionar muito bem se você fizer certo. Так завжди кажуть, але це може спрацювати дуже добре, якщо робити все правильно.

So, there is a right way for using movies and TV to improve your English. Entonces, hay una manera correcta de usar películas y TV para mejorar tu inglés. Portanto, existe uma maneira correta de usar filmes e TV para melhorar seu inglês. So, here are some specific tips for that. Então, aqui estão algumas dicas específicas para isso. Отже, ось кілька конкретних порад для цього.

First of all, you should repeat watch a movie that you love in English. En primer lugar, debes repetir ver una película que te encanta en inglés. Primeiro de tudo, você deve repetir assistir a um filme que ama em inglês. Перш за все, варто повторити перегляд улюбленого фільму англійською мовою.

So, find the movie that you really love. Entonces, encuentra la película que realmente amas. Então, encontre o filme que você realmente ama. You might have seen it in your first language or you might have, you know, watched it with subtitles in your language and you know it well. Sie haben es vielleicht in Ihrer Muttersprache gesehen oder Sie haben es mit Untertiteln in Ihrer Sprache gesehen und kennen es gut. Es posible que lo haya visto en su primer idioma o que lo haya visto con subtítulos en su idioma y lo conozca bien. Você pode ter visto no seu primeiro idioma ou assisti-lo com legendas no seu idioma e você o conhece bem. Можливо, ви бачили його своєю рідною мовою або дивилися його з субтитрами своєю мовою, і ви добре її знаєте. So, get that movie that you love and watch it again and again in English, okay? Así que consigue esa película que te encanta y mírala una y otra vez en inglés, ¿de acuerdo? Então, pegue o filme que você ama e assista várias vezes em inglês, ok? Тож візьміть фільм, який вам подобається, і дивіться його знову і знову англійською, добре? You could watch it with subtitles and then watch it again without the subtitles. Puede verlo con subtítulos y luego volver a verlo sin subtítulos. Você pode assisti-lo com legendas e depois assistir novamente sem as legendas. You could even do things like this: you could even put your phone in front of the TV or the computer, play the movie and record the audio of the movie on your phone, and then listen to it when you are out and about. Mohli byste dokonce dělat takové věci: můžete dokonce položit telefon před televizi nebo počítač, pustit si film a nahrát zvuk filmu do telefonu a pak jej poslouchat, když jste venku. Incluso podría hacer cosas como esta: incluso podría poner su teléfono frente al televisor o la computadora, reproducir la película y grabar el audio de la película en su teléfono, y luego escucharla cuando esté fuera de casa. Você pode até fazer coisas assim: você pode até colocar o telefone na frente da TV ou do computador, reproduzir o filme e gravar o áudio do filme no telefone, e ouvi-lo quando estiver fora de casa. Можна навіть зробити так: покласти телефон перед телевізором або комп'ютером, включити фільм і записати аудіозапис фільму на телефон, а потім слухати його, коли ви виходите на вулицю або кудись їдете.

So, essentially just if you love a movie a lot, it is more likely that you're going to remember the lines from the film. Takže v podstatě jen pokud máte rádi film hodně, je pravděpodobnější, že si budete pamatovat repliky z filmu. Entonces, esencialmente, si amas mucho una película, es más probable que recuerdes las líneas de la película. Então, basicamente, se você gosta muito de um filme, é mais provável que você se lembre das falas do filme. Отже, якщо ви дуже любите фільм, то, швидше за все, ви запам'ятаєте репліки з нього. And those lines are going to mean something to you personally. Y esas líneas van a significar algo para ti personalmente. E essas linhas vão significar algo para você pessoalmente. І ці рядки будуть щось означати для вас особисто. And if they mean something to you personally, they are going to stick with you a lot more vividly, okay? A pokud pro vás osobně něco znamenají, budou s vámi držet mnohem živěji, ano? Y si significan algo para ti personalmente, se quedarán contigo mucho más vívidamente, ¿de acuerdo? E se eles significam algo para você pessoalmente, eles vão ficar com você muito mais vividamente, ok? І якщо вони щось значать для вас особисто, вони будуть триматися з вами набагато яскравіше, розумієте? So, find the film that you love for whatever reason and get the lines, the English from that film and get them into your head. Takže najděte film, který z jakéhokoli důvodu milujete, a získejte řádky, angličtinu z tohoto filmu a vneste je do své hlavy. Entonces, encuentre la película que ama por cualquier razón y obtenga las líneas, el inglés de esa película y métalas en su cabeza. Então, encontre o filme que você ama por qualquer motivo e entenda as linhas, o inglês desse filme e coloque-os na sua cabeça. So, you know, you're going to need to think outside the box when you are learning English. Takže, víte, budete muset myslet mimo rámec, když se učíte angličtinu. Entonces, ya sabes, tendrás que pensar fuera de la caja cuando estés aprendiendo inglés. Então, você precisa pensar fora da caixa quando estiver aprendendo inglês. Тож, вивчаючи англійську, вам доведеться мислити нестандартно. So, this means: don't just sit and watch a movie. Takže to znamená: nejen sedět a dívat se na film. Entonces, esto significa: no se limite a sentarse y ver una película. Então, isso significa: não apenas sente e assista a um filme. Отже, це означає: не просто сидіти і дивитися фільм. Find new ways to get the English in that movie into your head and then out of your mouth, okay? Najděte nové způsoby, jak dostat angličtinu v tom filmu do hlavy a pak z pusy, ano? Encuentra nuevas formas de meter el inglés de esa película en tu cabeza y luego sacarlo de tu boca, ¿de acuerdo? Encontre novas maneiras de colocar o inglês desse filme em sua cabeça e depois sair da sua boca, ok? Знайдіть нові способи, щоб англійська мова в цьому фільмі потрапила вам у голову, а потім вийшла з рота, гаразд?

So, yeah. Então sim.

Watch the movie with subtitles in English, great. Assista ao filme com legendas em inglês, ótimo. That is going to help you to see the words and phrases and maybe to identify differences in the way that these words and phrases are being spoken and the way that they are spelled. To vám pomůže vidět slova a fráze a možná identifikovat rozdíly ve způsobu, jakým jsou tato slova a fráze vyslovována a jak jsou hláskovány. Eso le ayudará a ver las palabras y frases y tal vez a identificar las diferencias en la forma en que se pronuncian estas palabras y frases y la forma en que se escriben. Isso ajudará você a ver as palavras e frases e, talvez, a identificar diferenças na maneira como essas palavras e frases estão sendo pronunciadas e na forma como são escritas. Це допоможе вам побачити слова і фрази і, можливо, виявити відмінності в тому, як ці слова і фрази вимовляються, і в тому, як вони пишуться. That's great. Eso es genial. Isso é ótimo. But then watch the movie again without the subtitles, and that's going to mean you just focus on the words and the pronunciation and all that sorts of stuff. Ale pak se na film podívejte znovu bez titulků a to bude znamenat, že se soustředíte jen na slova a výslovnost a všechny tyhle věci. Pero luego vuelve a ver la película sin los subtítulos, y eso significará que solo te enfocas en las palabras y la pronunciación y todo ese tipo de cosas. Mas, então, assista ao filme novamente sem as legendas, e isso significa que você apenas se concentra nas palavras, na pronúncia e em todo esse tipo de coisa. Also, when you watch movies again and again and again, you notice little details and you actually get a finer appreciation of the script and everything like that. Také, když se díváte na filmy znovu a znovu a znovu, všimnete si malých detailů a ve skutečnosti získáte jemnější ocenění scénáře a všeho podobného. Además, cuando ves películas una y otra vez, te das cuenta de los pequeños detalles y de hecho obtienes una mejor apreciación del guión y todo eso. Além disso, quando você assiste a filmes várias e muitas vezes, percebe pequenos detalhes e realmente aprecia o script e tudo mais. Крім того, коли ви дивитеся фільми знову і знову, ви помічаєте дрібні деталі, і ви насправді краще розумієте сценарій і все таке інше. 此外，当你一遍又一遍地观看电影时，你会注意到一些小细节，并且实际上你会对剧本和类似的一切有更好的欣赏。

But yeah, think outside the box. Pero sí, piensa fuera de la caja. Mas sim, pense fora da caixa. Але так, думайте нестандартно. 但是，是的，跳出框框思考。 Record the audio of the movie on your phone and then listen to the audio when you are on the train or something. Grabe el audio de la película en su teléfono y luego escuche el audio cuando esté en el tren o algo así. Grave o áudio do filme em seu telefone e ouça o áudio quando estiver no trem ou algo assim. And what you could do is recreate parts of the film on your own. Y lo que podrías hacer es recrear partes de la película por tu cuenta. E o que você pode fazer é recriar partes do filme por conta própria. І що ви можете зробити, так це відтворити частини фільму самостійно. Learn bits of the script and repeat the script on your own and try copy the characters. Aprenda fragmentos del guión y repítalo por su cuenta e intente copiar los personajes. Aprenda partes do script, repita o script por conta própria e tente copiar os caracteres. Вивчіть фрагменти сценарію, повторіть його самостійно і спробуйте скопіювати символи. So, remember to go the extra distance and think outside the box. Por lo tanto, recuerde ir más lejos y pensar fuera de la caja. Portanto, lembre-se de percorrer uma distância extra e pensar fora da caixa. Тож не забувайте йти далі і мислити нестандартно. Okay.

2.

Find the book that you know quite well. Encontre o livro que você conhece muito bem.

So, this is basically the same thing as the movie, but with the book. Entonces, esto es básicamente lo mismo que la película, pero con el libro. Отже, це, по суті, те саме, що і фільм, але з книгою.

So, what's your favorite book? Entonces, ¿cuál es tu libro favorito? Find a book that you love and you know well and read it in English and also listen to the audiobook. Encontre um livro que você goste e que conheça bem, leia-o em inglês e também ouça o audiolivro. If you get the unabridged audiobook, that means that the text in the audiobook and the text in the real book will be exactly the same, and you can then listen and read at the same time. Se você receber o audiolivro integral, isso significa que o texto no audiolivro e o texto no livro real serão exatamente iguais, e você poderá ouvir e ler ao mesmo tempo. But read the book in English, listen to the audiobook in English, read and listen at the same time, listen separately, read separately, do these little things. Pero lee el libro en inglés, escucha el audiolibro en inglés, lee y escucha al mismo tiempo, escucha por separado, lee por separado, haz estas cositas. Mas leia o livro em inglês, ouça o audiolivro em inglês, leia e ouça ao mesmo tempo, ouça separadamente, leia separadamente, faça essas pequenas coisas. Але читайте книгу англійською, слухайте аудіокнигу англійською, читайте і слухайте одночасно, слухайте окремо, читайте окремо, робіть ці дрібниці. You don't have to read the entire book. Вам не обов'язково читати всю книгу. Just focus on a few passages that you love. You could learn them. Podrías aprenderlos. You could repeat them again and again and again. Record yourself reading out those pages from the book and focus on making the dialogue or the prose in the book come to life by using your voice. Grave-se lendo as páginas do livro e concentre-se em tornar realidade o diálogo ou a prosa do livro usando sua voz. Запишіть, як ви читаєте ці сторінки з книги, і зосередьтеся на тому, щоб за допомогою свого голосу оживити діалог або прозу в книзі.

Now, if you read the book that you already know, that's going to help again. Ahora, si lees el libro que ya conoces, eso te ayudará de nuevo. Agora, se você ler o livro que você já conhece, isso ajudará novamente. Тепер, якщо ви прочитаєте книгу, яку вже знаєте, це знову допоможе. Because, you know, you will be able to read it again and again and again, and you're not going to get bored. Porque, você sabe, você será capaz de lê-lo várias vezes, e você não ficará entediado. Тому що, знаєте, ви зможете перечитувати її знову і знову, і знову, і вона вам не набридне. Also you already know the story if you are familiar with the book from your first language. Além disso, você já conhece a história se estiver familiarizado com o livro do seu primeiro idioma. So, reading it in English means that you can then explore it in terms of the language, in the specifics of the language, because you know this, the plot of by heart. Takže číst to v angličtině znamená, že to pak můžete prozkoumat z hlediska jazyka, ve specifikách jazyka, protože to znáte zpaměti. Entonces, leerlo en inglés significa que luego puedes explorarlo en términos del idioma, en los detalles del idioma, porque sabes esto, la trama de memoria. Portanto, ler em inglês significa que você pode explorá-lo em termos de idioma, nas especificidades do idioma, porque você sabe disso, o enredo de cor. Отже, читаючи його англійською, ви можете досліджувати його з точки зору мови, з точки зору специфіки мови, тому що ви знаєте цей сюжет напам'ять. 所以，用英语阅读它意味着你可以用语言、语言的细节来探索它，因为你知道这个，它的情节。 So, do that and also listen to the audiobook version. Entonces, haz eso y también escucha la versión del audiolibro. Então, faça isso e também ouça a versão do audiolivro. And imagine listening to all those lines of that book that you love so much. E imagina escuchar todas esas líneas de ese libro que tanto te gusta. E imagine ouvir todas as linhas desse livro que você tanto ama. І уявіть, як ви слухаєте всі ці рядки з книги, яку ви так любите. Imagine listening to them in English again and again and again. Imagina escucharlos en inglés una y otra y otra vez. Imagine ouvi-los em inglês repetidas vezes. It's a really good way. Es una muy buena manera. É realmente uma boa maneira. You have got to create a really close relationship with the language to the point where you feel like you own the English that you have, you know? Tienes que crear una relación muy estrecha con el idioma hasta el punto en que sientas que eres dueño del inglés que tienes, ¿sabes? Você precisa criar um relacionamento muito próximo com o idioma a ponto de sentir que possui o inglês que possui, sabia? Ви повинні створити дійсно тісні стосунки з мовою до того моменту, коли ви відчуєте, що ви володієте англійською мовою, якою володієте, розумієте? Alright.

3.

Keep two notebooks. Mantenga dos cuadernos. Guarde dois cadernos. Візьми два зошити.

So, definitely you should keep at least one notebook where you write down words and things. Entonces, definitivamente deberías tener al menos un cuaderno donde apuntes palabras y cosas. Então, definitivamente você deve manter pelo menos um caderno de anotações onde anota palavras e outras coisas.

But I think you should keep two notebooks. Pero creo que deberías tener dos cuadernos. So, go down to the stationary shop and buy two nice notebooks. Entonces, ve a la papelería y compra dos lindos cuadernos. Отже, сходите в канцелярський магазин і купіть два гарних блокнота. Buy notebooks, you know, spend a little bit of money, buy some nice ones. Notebooks are lovely, lovely things. Los cuadernos son cosas preciosas, preciosas. I love notebooks. I love buying notebooks. Me encanta comprar cuadernos. I have got loads of empty notebooks in my flat that I haven't written in yet. Tengo un montón de cuadernos vacíos en mi piso en los que aún no he escrito. Rengeteg üres füzet van a lakásomban, amelyeket még nem írtam be. У мене в квартирі купа порожніх зошитів, в яких я ще не писала. Just because I love notebooks. Solo porque me encantan los cuadernos. So, notebooks are brilliant, they are lovely items. Entonces, los cuadernos son geniales, son artículos encantadores. Go out and treat yourself to two nice notebooks and then actually use them. Salga y disfrute de dos buenos cuadernos y luego úselos. Menj ki és kényeztesd magad két szép jegyzetfüzettel, majd használd is őket.

So, notebook number 1 is used for scribbling things down quickly and keeping quick notes. Entonces, el cuaderno número 1 se usa para escribir cosas rápidamente y tomar notas rápidas. Отже, зошит № 1 використовується для швидких записів та нотаток. Vì vậy, cuốn sổ số 1 được sử dụng để viết nguệch ngoạc mọi thứ và ghi chú nhanh chóng.

So, you keep notebook 1 with you when you're listening to something or watching a movie or reading a book or engaging in conversation with someone: maybe your teacher on italki, or your teacher in a classroom, or your language partner, or whoever it is. Por lo tanto, mantenga el cuaderno 1 con usted cuando esté escuchando algo, viendo una película, leyendo un libro o conversando con alguien: tal vez su maestro en italki, o su maestro en un salón de clases, o su compañero de idioma, o quien sea. es. You've got notebook number 1. Tienes el cuaderno número 1. У тебе зошит номер 1. That's where you write down things really, really quickly. Ahí es donde escribes las cosas muy, muy rápido. Там ви записуєте все дуже, дуже швидко. And it's usually a bit of a mess. Y suele ser un poco desordenado. És ez általában egy kis káosz. It's a bit of a shambles. Es un poco un desastre. Ez egy kicsit összeomlott. Тут трохи розруха. 有点乱。 There are bits written here and there. Hay partes escritas aquí y allá. Some of the text is written upside down because your friend is writing from the other side of the table. Parte del texto está escrito al revés porque tu amigo está escribiendo desde el otro lado de la mesa. Частина тексту написана догори ногами, тому що ваш друг пише з іншого боку столу. And it's all a bit of a mess and it's a shambles, and you have written stuff down very, very quickly without really thinking about it too much. Y todo es un poco desordenado y es un desastre, y has escrito cosas muy, muy rápidamente sin pensar demasiado en ello. І все це трохи заплутано, і це безлад, і ви записали все дуже, дуже швидко, не надто замислюючись над цим. It's all done in the heat of the moment. Todo se hace en el calor del momento. Mindez a pillanat hevében történt. Все це робиться зопалу. 这一切都是在一时冲动下完成的。 That's notebook number 1. Ese es el cuaderno número 1. Then, notebook number 2 is where you keep an organised record of words and grammar rules and any other little details that you need to help you remember the language, okay? Luego, el cuaderno número 2 es donde mantienes un registro organizado de palabras y reglas gramaticales y cualquier otro pequeño detalle que necesites para ayudarte a recordar el idioma, ¿de acuerdo?

So, notebook number 2 is going to be like your own home-made bible for English. Entonces, el cuaderno número 2 será como tu propia biblia casera para inglés. Отже, зошит № 2 стане вашою домашньою біблією з англійської мови. And you're going to write it yourself. Y lo vas a escribir tú mismo. And that is where you write new words and, as I said, grammar rules or little bits of advice or mnemonics which are going to help you remember things. Y ahí es donde escribes palabras nuevas y, como decía, reglas gramaticales o pequeños consejos o mnemotecnias que te van a ayudar a recordar cosas. And when you write new words in your notebook, don't just write the translation from your first language. Y cuando escriba nuevas palabras en su cuaderno, no escriba solo la traducción de su primer idioma. І коли ви записуєте нові слова у свій блокнот, не просто пишіть переклад з рідної мови. Be careful of doing that. Tenga cuidado de hacer eso. Будьте обережні, роблячи це. You should look for other things. Deberías buscar otras cosas. Ви повинні шукати інші речі. Again, think outside the box. Una vez más, piense fuera de la caja. Знову ж таки, думайте нестандартно. You might need to create your own version of the phonemic script, so that you know exactly how these words are pronounced, or learn the real phonemic script so that you can write phonemes which is really going to help you learn pronunciation. Можливо, вам доведеться створити власну версію фонематичного сценарію, щоб точно знати, як вимовляються ці слова, або вивчити справжній фонематичний сценарій, щоб писати фонеми, що дійсно допоможе вам у вивченні вимови. 您可能需要创建自己版本的音素脚本，以便您准确地知道这些单词的发音，或者学习真正的音素脚本，以便您可以编写真正有助于您学习发音的音素。 If you know the phonemes and you're able to transcribe words in phonemes and you can definitely learn how to do that. Si conoce los fonemas y puede transcribir palabras en fonemas, definitivamente puede aprender a hacerlo. In fact, that is a sub-point: Learn the phonemic script and practise by writing things out in the phonemic script. Ve skutečnosti je to pod-bod: Naučte se fonematické písmo a procvičujte si to psaním věcí do fonematického písma. De hecho, ese es un punto secundario: aprenda la escritura fonémica y practique escribiendo cosas en la escritura fonémica. And then checking the phonemic versions in a dictionary. Y luego revisando las versiones fonémicas en un diccionario. Yeah, so in your notebook number 2 you write out little bits of phonemic script. Sí, entonces en tu cuaderno número 2 escribes pequeños fragmentos de escritura fonémica. Igen, szóval a 2-es számú füzetedbe írsz ki egy kis fonémikus szkriptet. You also write some examples and little things to help you remember. Néhány példát és apróságokat is ír, hogy segítsen emlékezni. So that's notebook number 1 and notebook number 2, okay? Отже, це зошит номер 1 і зошит номер 2, гаразд? And then, once you have done that you go back to notebook number 2 and you go through it again. Y luego, una vez que haya hecho eso, regrese al cuaderno número 2 y lo vuelva a revisar. Aztán, ha ezt megtette, visszatér a 2-es számú jegyzetfüzethez, és újra végigmegy rajta. А потім, коли ви це зробите, поверніться до зошита № 2 і повторіть його ще раз.

And look at the notes that you wrote. Y mira las notas que escribiste. And you don't worry. You don't have to write a lot. No tienes que escribir mucho. Вам не потрібно багато писати. Just write something regularly, like a little bit every day or every time you learn something write something down. And eventually over time you'll find that that notebook is full of a record of every single thing that you have learned. And you can go back to it. You can read it again. And that's going to be massively powerful for your learning, alright? So, notebook number 1 – bang, bang, bang! Entonces, cuaderno número 1: ¡bang, bang, bang!

Lots of ideas – bla, bla, bla. Muchas ideas, bla, bla, bla. It all… like your brain empties out onto the page. Todo… como si tu cerebro se vaciara en la página. Tudo ... como se seu cérebro esvaziasse na página. Це все... наче твій мозок виливається на сторінку. Notebook number 2 is the organised, refined and tidy version. Зошит № 2 - це впорядкована, вишукана та акуратна версія. And that's the one you can read again, and again, and again. І саме його ви можете читати знову, і знову, і знову. And if you have produced really good organised notebooks, you can keep them forever. E se você produziu blocos de anotações realmente bem organizados, poderá mantê-los para sempre. А якщо ви зробили справді гарно впорядковані блокноти, ви можете зберігати їх назавжди. You can give them to your kids and things like that, you know. Você pode dar para seus filhos e coisas assim, sabe. Ви можете дарувати їх своїм дітям і таке інше. These could be really, really useful records of your learning history. Ezek valóban hasznos feljegyzések lehetnek a tanulási történetéről. Esses podem ser registros realmente úteis de sua história de aprendizagem. Okay. OK.

4. 4.

Use mnemonic devices to help you remember things. Usa dispositivos mnemotécnicos para ayudarte a recordar cosas. Використовуйте мнемонічні пристрої, які допомагають вам запам'ятовувати речі.

It's difficult to remember all the words. Es difícil recordar todas las palabras. So, you're going to need to find clever ways to keep those words in your brain. Por lo tanto, necesitará encontrar formas inteligentes de mantener esas palabras en su cerebro. Отже, вам потрібно знайти розумні способи утримати ці слова в пам'яті. And essentially, what you need to do is think of vivid images for new words. E, essencialmente, o que você precisa fazer é pensar em imagens vívidas para novas palavras. І, по суті, все, що вам потрібно зробити, - це придумати яскраві образи для нових слів. Think of  examples that are vivid and visualise them, think of genuinely visual images for new words, okay? Piense en ejemplos que sean vívidos y visualícelos, piense en imágenes genuinamente visuales para nuevas palabras, ¿de acuerdo? Pense em exemplos vívidos e visualize-os, pense em imagens genuinamente visuais para novas palavras, certo? Придумайте яскраві приклади та уявіть їх, придумайте справді візуальні образи для нових слів, добре? And anything at all, anything as long as it sticks in your memory, but you need to try to think of some very vivid visual image for new things. Y cualquier cosa, cualquier cosa mientras se quede en tu memoria, pero debes tratar de pensar en alguna imagen visual muy vívida para las cosas nuevas. E qualquer coisa, qualquer coisa, desde que fique gravada na sua memória, mas você precisa tentar pensar em alguma imagem visual muito vívida para coisas novas. Та що завгодно, все, що завгодно, аби це закарбувалося у вашій пам'яті, але потрібно намагатися придумати якийсь дуже яскравий візуальний образ для нових речей. Even if there isn't an obvious visual connection to a word, you might need to create one. And that can be written down in your notebook, just a little reminder of an image to help you remember the word, also associations with things you already know. E isso pode ser anotado em seu caderno, apenas um pequeno lembrete de uma imagem para ajudá-lo a se lembrar da palavra, também associações com coisas que você já conhece. І це можна записати у своєму блокноті, просто маленьке нагадування у вигляді зображення, яке допоможе вам запам'ятати слово, а також асоціації з речами, які ви вже знаєте.

So when you get the new word, you need to kind of combine it with words that you already know. Então, quando você recebe a nova palavra, você precisa meio que combiná-la com palavras que você já conhece.

So, let's say, you've just learned the word (I don't know, what could the word be). Então, digamos que você acabou de aprender a palavra (não sei, qual poderia ser a palavra). Отже, скажімо, ви щойно вивчили слово (я не знаю, що це може бути за слово). Let's say, the word is ‘a bet'. Digamos, la palabra es 'una apuesta'. Digamos que a palavra seja 'uma aposta'. Скажімо, слово "парі". If you have just learned the word ‘I bet': ‘I bet that he arrives late again,' which is a bit like saying: ‘I expect that he is going to arrive late again. Si acabas de aprender la palabra 'Apuesto': 'Apuesto a que vuelve a llegar tarde', que es un poco como decir: 'Espero que vuelva a llegar tarde. Якщо ви щойно вивчили слово "б'юся об заклад": "Б'юся об заклад, що він знову запізниться", це все одно, що сказати: "Я очікую, що він знову запізниться". I bet that he is going to arrive late again.' Apuesto a que volverá a llegar tarde. Б'юся об заклад, що він знову запізниться". And that word is based on gambling, isn't it? Y esa palabra se basa en el juego, ¿no? そしてその言葉はギャンブルに基づいていますね？ E essa palavra é baseada no jogo, não é? І в основі цього слова лежить азартна гра, чи не так? ‘To bet something' is like to put money on something, because you think is going to happen. 'Apostar algo' es como poner dinero en algo, porque piensas que va a pasar. 「何かを賭けること」は、何かが起こると思うので、何かにお金をかけるようなものです。 'Apostar em algo' é como apostar em algo, porque você pensa que vai acontecer. "Ставити на щось" - це як ставити гроші на щось, тому що ви вважаєте, що це станеться. So: ‘I bet that he is going to arrive late again.' Takže: 'Vsadím se, že zase přijede pozdě.' Every time you use the word ‘bet', imagine actually placing a bet, imagine you're throwing money onto the table, like you've got a bunch of notes in your hand: ‘I bet he is going to be late again. Pokaždé, když použijete slovo „sázka“, představte si, že skutečně sázíte, představte si, že házíte peníze na stůl, jako byste měli v ruce hromadu bankovek: „Vsadím se, že zase přijde pozdě. Cada vez que uses la palabra "apuesta", imagina que realmente haces una apuesta, imagina que estás tirando dinero sobre la mesa, como si tuvieras un montón de billetes en la mano: "Apuesto a que llegará tarde otra vez". 「ベット」という言葉を使うたびに、実際に賭けをすることを想像してみてください。たくさんのメモを手に持っているような、テーブルにお金を投げていると想像してみてください。 Cada vez que você usar a palavra 'aposta', imagine realmente fazer uma aposta, imagine que está jogando dinheiro na mesa, como se tivesse um monte de notas na mão: 'Aposto que ele vai se atrasar de novo. Щоразу, коли ви використовуєте слово "ставка", уявіть, що ви дійсно робите ставку, уявіть, що ви кидаєте гроші на стіл, ніби у вас в руці пачка банкнот: "Б'юся об заклад, що він знову запізниться". I bet!' きっと！」 Ще б пак! You put the notes down on the table like that. Položíš poznámky na stůl takhle. あなたはそのようにメモをテーブルに置いた。 Você coloca as notas na mesa assim. That kind of thing. Takové věci. Ese tipo de cosas. Aquele tipo de coisa. Такого роду речі. So, you know, think outside the box. Takže, víte, myslete mimo rámec. Então, você sabe, pense fora da caixa. Тож, знаєте, думайте нестандартно. Mnemonic devices can really help you remember words. Mnemotechnická zařízení vám opravdu pomohou zapamatovat si slova.