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BBC - 6 Minute English (YouTube), Are there benefits to schadenfreude? Listen to 6 Minute English - YouTube

Are there benefits to schadenfreude? Listen to 6 Minute English - YouTube

Neil: Hello and welcome to 6 Minute

English, I'm Neil. This is

the programme where in just

six minutes we discuss an interesting

topic and teach some

related English vocabulary.

And joining me to do this is Rob.

Rob: Hello.

Neil: In this programme we're

discussing schadenfreude.

Rob: Hold on, Neil - schadenfreude - that's

a German word.

Neil: Schadenfreude is what we can call a

loanword - a word from one language that

is used in another language

without being changed.

Rob: So you're right - schadenfreude is

used in English and am I right

in thinking it describes

the satisfying feeling you get

when something bad

happens to someone else?

Neil: You're right, Rob.

Imagine you're in a queue at the

supermarket and someone pushes in,

but when they got to pay, their credit

card doesn't work - think of the feeling

you might get just seeing their misfortune

- another word for bad luck.

Rob: Yes, that is a very satisfying feeling

- but it's quite a mean feeling too.

Neil: It is but we'll be discussing why that

feeling could actually be good for us. But

first, let's set a question for you, Rob, and

our listeners at home, to answer. This is

about false cognates - also called

false friends - words that look

the same in two languages

but have different meanings. So in English

we have the word 'rat' but what does that

mean in German? Is it... a) a big mouse,

b) annoyed or c) advice?

Rob: That's tricky because I don't speak

German. So I'll guess and say b) annoyed.

Neil: Well, I'll have the answer later on.

Now, let's talk more about schadenfreude.

Enjoying someone's misfortune can

certainly make us feel good.

Rob: And studies have shown this feeling

is quite normal - particularly

when is happens to someone we envy.

If we see a wealthy celebrity suffering on

a reality TV show, or are exposed

for not paying their taxes, we feel good.

We say they've had their comeuppance.

Neil: That's a good word - meaning a

person's bad luck that is considered

to be deserved punishment for

something bad that they have done.

Rob: Let's hear from psychologist

Wilco Van Dijk from the

University of Leiden, who's

been talking about this on the

BBC Radio 4 programme, All in the Mind.

What have his studies found about

our enjoyment of others misfortune?

Wilco Van Dijk: People especially feel

schadenfreude when they think

the misfortune is deserved.

Then the question is where this joy arises,

is this actually joy experienced towards

the misfortunes of others or is it

also at least partly joy about

a just situation - that this

misfortune of another actually appeals to

a sense of justice. That's also the reason

why we like the misfortunes of hypocrites

because if they fall down that also is a

deserved situation.

Neil: OK, so Wilco Van Dijk's studies found

we get joy when someone's

misfortune is deserved

- there is justice - in other words,

the punishment someone receives is fair.

Rob: And a just situation means

a fair situation - it is right.

So I guess he's saying we're

not just being mean.

Neil: Yes. And he also mentioned the type

of people whose misfortune is

just and deserved,

are hypocrites - people who claim to have

certain moral beliefs but actually behave

in a way that shows they are not sincere.

Rob: The All in the Mind programme also

heard from another expert

on the subject - author

and historian of emotions,

Dr Tiffany Watt-Smith. She talked about

how schadenfreude is a subjective

thing - based on our feelings - and it's not

as simple as deciding what

is right or wrong.

What word does she use that

means to express sympathy to someone

about someone's bad luck?

Dr Tiffany Watt-Smith: We don't really

experience emotions, you know, as

either-or things, it's not black or white.

I think it's perfectly reasonable that we

could genuinely commiserate

with someone else's misfortune

at the same time as a terrible sly smile

spreading across our lips because,

you know, something we've envied about

them has turned out not to work

out so well or whatever it is. You know,

we have a much deeper ability

to hold contradictory emotions in mind,

much more so than your average

moral philosopher would allow.

Neil: Interesting stuff. She says when

something goes wrong for someone,

we have the ability to commiserate with

them - that's the word for expressing

sympathy to someone about their

bad luck.

Rob: So overall, Tiffany Watt-Smith thinks

we have a range of emotions

when we experience

schadenfreude - but these are

contradictory emotions - different

and opposite emotions.

Maybe, Neil, we should just be

nicer people?

Neil: No way! I loved seeing Germany

getting knocked out of last year's

World Cup - not really!

Talking of Germany, earlier we mentioned

false friends and I asked in English we

have the word 'rat' but what does

that mean in German? Is it...

a) a big mouse, b) annoyed,

c) advice? And Rob, you said...

Rob: I said b) annoyed.

Neil: And that is the wrong answer,

I'm afraid. The right answer is c) advice.

Well done if you knew that at home.

Now on to the vocabulary we looked at

in this programme.

Rob: So today we've been talking

about schadenfreude - that describes

the satisfying feeling you get when

something bad happens to someone else.

Neil: And that's an example of a loanword

- a word from one language that is used in

another language without being changed.

In this case German.

Rob: We mentioned comeuppance which

describes a person's misfortune

that is considered to be deserved

punishment for something bad

that they've done.

Neil: Next we mentioned justice - that's

the punishment someone receives

that is fair for what they've done.

And the word just describes

something that is fair and right.

Rob: Hypocrites are people who claim to

have certain moral beliefs

but actually behave

in a way that shows they are not sincere.

Neil: And finally commiserate is a word

that means expressing

sympathy to someone about

their bad luck. That's the verb.

The noun form is commiseration.

Rob: Well commiserations, Neil, we've

run out of time for this programme.

See you soon,

goodbye.

Neil: Goodbye!

Are there benefits to schadenfreude? Listen to 6 Minute English - YouTube Hat Schadenfreude auch ihre Vorteile? Hören Sie sich 6 Minuten Englisch an - YouTube ¿Tiene ventajas el schadenfreude? Escuchar 6 Minute English - YouTube La schadenfreude a-t-elle des avantages ? Écouter 6 minutes d'anglais - YouTube シャーデンフロイデにメリットはあるのか?6分間英語 - YouTube Vai šadenfreude ir ieguvumi? Klausīties 6 minūšu angļu valodā - YouTube Czy schadenfreude przynosi korzyści? Posłuchaj 6 Minute English - YouTube Existem benefícios no schadenfreude? Oiça o 6 Minute English - YouTube Schadenfreude'un faydaları var mı? 6 Minute English'i dinleyin - YouTube 幸灾乐祸有好处吗?听 6 分钟英语 - YouTube

Neil: Hello and welcome to 6 Minute ニール:こんにちは、6ミニッツへようこそ。

English, I'm Neil. This is ニールです。これは

the programme where in just このプログラムでは

six minutes we discuss an interesting 6分間で、興味深い話をする。

topic and teach some トピックで、いくつかのことを教える。

related English vocabulary. 関連する英単語。

And joining me to do this is Rob. そして、このために私と一緒に参加してくれるのがロブだ。

Rob: Hello. ロブ:こんにちは。

Neil: In this programme we're ニール:このプログラムでは

discussing schadenfreude. シャーデンフロイデについて

Rob: Hold on, Neil - schadenfreude - that's ロブ:ちょっと待ってくれ、ニール。

a German word. ドイツ語である。

Neil: Schadenfreude is what we can call a ニール:シャーデンフロイデ(Schadenfreude)とは、次のようなものを指す。

loanword - a word from one language that 借用語 - ある言語から来た言葉。

is used in another language は他の言語で使用されている

without being changed. そのままである。

Rob: So you're right - schadenfreude is ロブ:その通りだ。

used in English and am I right 英語で使われている。

in thinking it describes と考えている。

the satisfying feeling you get 満足感

when something bad 悪いことがあったら

happens to someone else? 他の誰かに起こるのですか?

Neil: You're right, Rob. ニール:その通りだよ、ロブ。

Imagine you're in a queue at the の行列に並んでいるとしよう。

supermarket and someone pushes in, スーパーマーケットに誰かが押し入る、

but when they got to pay, their credit しかし、いざ支払おうとすると、彼らの信用は

card doesn't work - think of the feeling karta nefunguje - myslete na ten pocit. カードが使えない - 気持ちを考える

you might get just seeing their misfortune můžete dostat jen při pohledu na jejich neštěstí 彼らの不幸を見るだけで、あなたは得をするかもしれない вы можете получить, просто видя их несчастье

- another word for bad luck. - další slovo pro smůlu. - 不運を意味する言葉である。

Rob: Yes, that is a very satisfying feeling Rob: Ano, to je velmi uspokojivý pocit. ロブ:そうだね。

- but it's quite a mean feeling too. - でも、それもなかなか意地悪な感じだ。

Neil: It is but we'll be discussing why that ニール:そうだが、その理由についてはこれから説明する。

feeling could actually be good for us. But この感覚は私たちにとって良いことかもしれない。しかし

first, let's set a question for you, Rob, and まず、ロブ君に質問をしよう。

our listeners at home, to answer. This is 家のリスナーが答えてくれるだろう。これは

about false cognates - also called 偽の同義語について

false friends - words that look 偽りの友人 - 見た目の言葉

the same in two languages 二言同文

but have different meanings. So in English が、異なる意味を持つ。だから英語では

we have the word 'rat' but what does that "rat "という単語はあるが、それは何を意味するのか?

mean in German? Is it... a) a big mouse, ドイツ語でa) 大きなネズミ、

b) annoyed or c) advice? b)イライラしている?

Rob: That's tricky because I don't speak ロブ:それは難しいですね。

German. So I'll guess and say b) annoyed. ドイツ人だ。だから、私は推測して、b)イライラしている。

Neil: Well, I'll have the answer later on. ニール:まあ、答えは後ほど。

Now, let's talk more about schadenfreude. さて、シャーデンフロイデについてもっと話そう。

Enjoying someone's misfortune can 誰かの不幸を楽しむことはできる。

certainly make us feel good. 確かに気分はいい。

Rob: And studies have shown this feeling ロブ:この感覚は研究でも明らかになっている。

is quite normal - particularly 特に

when is happens to someone we envy. 私たちがうらやましいと思う人に起こったとき。

If we see a wealthy celebrity suffering on もし、裕福なセレブリティが苦悩しているのを見たら......。

a reality TV show, or are exposed リアリティ番組に出演したり、暴露されたりする

for not paying their taxes, we feel good. 税金を払っていないのだから。

We say they've had their comeuppance. 我々は彼らが報いを受けたと言っている。

Neil: That's a good word - meaning a ニール:いい言葉だね。

person's bad luck that is considered とされる人の不運

to be deserved punishment for に対する当然の罰である。

something bad that they have done. 何か悪いことをしたんだ。

Rob: Let's hear from psychologist ロブ:心理学者の意見を聞こう

Wilco Van Dijk from the ウィルコ・ヴァン・ダイク

University of Leiden, who's ライデン大学

been talking about this on the でこのことについて話している。

BBC Radio 4 programme, All in the Mind. BBCラジオ4の番組『All in the Mind』。

What have his studies found about 彼の研究は何を発見したのか?

our enjoyment of others misfortune? 他人の不幸を楽しむのか?

Wilco Van Dijk: People especially feel ウィルコ・ファン・ダイク:人々は特にそう感じている。

schadenfreude when they think シャーデンフロイデ

the misfortune is deserved. 不幸は自業自得だ。

Then the question is where this joy arises, では、その喜びはどこから生まれるのか、

is this actually joy experienced towards これは実際に経験した喜びなのだろうか?

the misfortunes of others or is it 他人の不幸か、それとも

also at least partly joy about についても、少なくとも部分的には喜びを感じている。

a just situation - that this 正当な状況

misfortune of another actually appeals to 他人の不幸は、実際、こう訴える。

a sense of justice. That's also the reason 正義感。それがまた

why we like the misfortunes of hypocrites 偽善者の不幸が好きな理由

because if they fall down that also is a なぜなら、もし彼らが倒れれば、それもまた

deserved situation. 当然の状況だ。

Neil: OK, so Wilco Van Dijk's studies found ニール:では、ウィルコ・ヴァン・ダイクの研究では、次のことがわかった。

we get joy when someone's 誰かが

misfortune is deserved 不幸は自業自得

- there is justice - in other words, - 正義がある、

the punishment someone receives is fair. 誰かが受ける罰は公正である。

Rob: And a just situation means ロブ:そして公正な状況とは

a fair situation - it is right. 公平な状況、それは正しい。

So I guess he's saying we're つまり、彼は私たちが

not just being mean. 単なる意地悪ではない。

Neil: Yes. And he also mentioned the type ニール:はい。また、彼は次のようなタイプにも言及しています。

of people whose misfortune is 不幸な人々の

just and deserved, 正当で当然のことだ、

are hypocrites - people who claim to have 偽善者である。

certain moral beliefs but actually behave ある道徳的信念を持ちながら、実際には

in a way that shows they are not sincere. 誠意がないことを示すようなやり方で。

Rob: The All in the Mind programme also ロブ:「オール・イン・ザ・マインド」プログラムも

heard from another expert 別の専門家から聞いた

on the subject - author 題して - 著者

and historian of emotions, そして感情の歴史家でもある、

Dr Tiffany Watt-Smith. She talked about ティファニー・ワット=スミス博士。彼女は次のように語った。

how schadenfreude is a subjective シャーデンフロイデがいかに主観的であるか

thing - based on our feelings - and it's not 私たちの感情に基づいている。

as simple as deciding what を決めるのと同じくらい簡単だ。

is right or wrong. は正しいのか間違っているのか。

What word does she use that 彼女はどんな言葉を使っているのだろう。

means to express sympathy to someone お見舞い

about someone's bad luck? 誰かの不運について?

Dr Tiffany Watt-Smith: We don't really ティファニー・ワット=スミス博士私たちはあまり

experience emotions, you know, as 感情を経験する。

either-or things, it's not black or white. 白か黒かではないのだ。

I think it's perfectly reasonable that we というのは、至極当然のことだと思う。

could genuinely commiserate 心から同情できる

with someone else's misfortune 他人の不幸で

at the same time as a terrible sly smile と同時に、ひどく不敵な笑みを浮かべた。

spreading across our lips because, 私たちの唇に広がっている、

you know, something we've envied about 私たちがうらやましいと思うのは

them has turned out not to work それがうまくいかないことが判明した

out so well or whatever it is. You know, うまくいくかどうかは別としてね。わかるでしょ?

we have a much deeper ability 我々にはもっと深い能力がある

to hold contradictory emotions in mind, 相反する感情を心に抱くこと、

much more so than your average 普通の人よりもずっと

moral philosopher would allow. 道徳哲学者なら許すだろう。

Neil: Interesting stuff. She says when ニール:興味深い話だね。彼女が言うには

something goes wrong for someone, 誰かのために何か問題が起こる、

we have the ability to commiserate with 私たちには、次のように同情する能力がある。

them - that's the word for expressing それを表現する言葉だ。

sympathy to someone about their 同情

bad luck. 運が悪かった。

Rob: So overall, Tiffany Watt-Smith thinks ロブ:全体として、ティファニー・ワット=スミスはこう考えている。

we have a range of emotions さまざまな感情がある

when we experience 私たちが経験するとき

schadenfreude - but these are シャーデンフロイデ - しかし、これらは

contradictory emotions - different 相反する感情 - 異なる

and opposite emotions. と正反対の感情。

Maybe, Neil, we should just be たぶん、ニール、私たちはただ

nicer people? もっといい人たち?

Neil: No way! I loved seeing Germany ニール:とんでもない!ドイツを見るのが好きだった

getting knocked out of last year's 昨年の выбивается из прошлогоднего

World Cup - not really! ワールドカップ - そうでもない!

Talking of Germany, earlier we mentioned ドイツといえば、先にも触れた。

false friends and I asked in English we と英語で尋ねた。

have the word 'rat' but what does rat "という単語はあるが、"rat "とは何か?

that mean in German? Is it... というのはドイツ語で?それは...

a) a big mouse, b) annoyed,

c) advice? And Rob, you said...

Rob: I said b) annoyed.

Neil: And that is the wrong answer, ニール:それは間違った答えだ、

I'm afraid. The right answer is c) advice. 恐れ入ります。正解はc)のアドバイスです。

Well done if you knew that at home. 家でそれを知っていたなら、よくやった。

Now on to the vocabulary we looked at さて、次は私たちが見た語彙についてである。

in this programme. このプログラムでは

Rob: So today we've been talking ロブ:というわけで、今日は

about schadenfreude - that describes シャーデンフロイデについて

the satisfying feeling you get when そのときの満足感

something bad happens to someone else. 誰かに悪いことが起こる。

Neil: And that's an example of a loanword ニール:これが借用語の例だ。

- a word from one language that is used in - ある言語で使われる単語

another language without being changed. 別の言語に変更されることはない。

In this case German. この場合はドイツ語だ。

Rob: We mentioned comeuppance which ロブ:報いについては言及した。

describes a person's misfortune 不幸の形容

that is considered to be deserved 当然のことである

punishment for something bad ばつ

that they've done. 彼らがやったことを。

Neil: Next we mentioned justice - that's ニール:次に、私たちは正義について言及しました。

the punishment someone receives

that is fair for what they've done. それは彼らがやったことに対してフェアだ。

And the word just describes そして、この言葉はまさにそれを表している。

something that is fair and right. 公正で正しいものを。

Rob: Hypocrites are people who claim to ロブ:偽善者とは、次のように主張する人たちのことだ。

have certain moral beliefs 道徳心を持つ

but actually behave しかし、実際には

in a way that shows they are not sincere. 誠意がないことを示すようなやり方で。

Neil: And finally commiserate is a word ニール:そして最後に、commiserateという言葉がある。

that means expressing つまり

sympathy to someone about 同情

their bad luck. That's the verb. 彼らの不運。それが動詞だ。

The noun form is commiseration. 名詞形はcommiserationである。

Rob: Well commiserations, Neil, we've ロブ:おめでとう、ニール。

run out of time for this programme. このプログラムには時間がない。

See you soon, また会おう、

goodbye. さようなら

Neil: Goodbye! ニール:さようなら!