La vivienda y los españoles | Intermediate Spanish | Stories in Spanish the|housing|and|the|Spaniards||||| Wohnen und die Spanier | Spanisch für Fortgeschrittene | Geschichten auf Spanisch Le logement et l'espagnol | Intermédiaire | Histoires en espagnol Жилье и испанцы | Средний уровень испанского языка | Истории на испанском языке Bostäder och den spanska | Medelspanska | Berättelser på spanska Housing and Spaniards | Intermediate Spanish | Stories in Spanish

¡Hola, estudiante de español! Quiero preguntarte algo: hello|student|of|Spanish|I want|to ask you|something Hallo, Spanischschüler! Ich möchte dich etwas fragen: Hello, Spanish student! I want to ask you something:

¿Cuál ha sido hasta ahora el día más importante de tu vida? Te doy unos segundos para que which|it has|been|until|now|the|day|most|important|of|your|life|I|I give|a few|seconds|to|that What has been the most important day of your life so far? I'll give you a few seconds to

lo pienses. ¿Lo tienes claro? it|you think|it|you have|clear think about it. Do you have it clear?

Realmente elegir solo uno puede ser difícil, ¿verdad? really|to choose|only|one|it can|to be|difficult|right Choosing just one can really be difficult, right?

Cada persona es diferente, algunos responderían que los días más importantes de su vida each|person|it is|different|some|they would respond|that|the|days|most|important|of|their|life Everyone is different, some would say that the most important days of their lives

son el día que fueron padres, el día que conocieron a su pareja o se casaron… y otros, they are|the|day|that|they became|parents|the|day|that|they met|to|their|partner|or|themselves|they married|and|others are the day they became parents, the day they met their partner or got married... and others,

responderían que uno de los días más importante de su vida fue el día que compraron su casa. they would respond|that|one|of|the|days|most|important|of|their|life|it was|the|day|that|they bought|their|house would say that one of the most important days of their life was the day they bought their house.

Tal vez no estés de acuerdo con esta última maybe|time|not|you are|of|agreement|with|this|last You may not agree with this last

afirmación, pero seguramente estarás de acuerdo con que la compra de una casa, un affirmation|but|surely|you will be|of|agreement|with|that|the|purchase|of|a|house|a statement, but you will surely agree that buying a house, an

piso, o en general, una vivienda, es importante. apartment, or in general, a home, is important.

Normalmente, comprar una vivienda exige una gran inversión de dinero, además, el lugar normally|to buy|a|dwelling|it demands|a|large|investment|of|money|furthermore|the|place Normally, buying a home requires a large investment of money, and also, the place

donde decidimos comprarla también nos marca un poco nuestro día a día y nuestra rutina. where|we decided|to buy it|also|us|it marks|a|little|our|day|to|day|and|our|routine where we decide to buy it also marks a bit of our day-to-day and our routine.

También puede determinar el colegio de nuestros hijos, los lugares que visitamos habitualmente also|it can|to determine|the|school|of|our|children|the|places|that|we visit|habitually It can also determine our children's school, the places we usually visit.

e incluso, nuestros amigos. and|even|our|friends And even, our friends.

Vas a aprender nuevas palabras en este vídeo, así que aparte de verlo tienes la opción you are going|to|to learn|new|words|in|this|video|so|that|apart|from|watching it|you have|the|option You are going to learn new words in this video, so besides watching it, you have the option.

de usar las flashcards para retener el nuevo vocabulario y la transcripción del vídeo. of|to use|the|flashcards|to|to retain|the|new|vocabulary|and|the|transcription|of the|video to use flashcards to retain new vocabulary and the video transcript.

Tienes el link abajo, en la descripción. you have|the|link|below|in|the|description You have the link below, in the description.

Por cierto, si no lo sabes tengo un pódcast para estudiantes de español intermedio y for|sure|if|not|it|you know|I have|a|podcast|for|students|of|Spanish|intermediate|and By the way, if you didn't know, I have a podcast for intermediate Spanish students and

en el episodio 57 hablamos de por qué ya no podiamos comprarnos una casa. Si te gustan in|the|episode|we talk|about|why|that|already|not||to buy ourselves|a|house|if|you|you like in episode 57 we talk about why we could no longer buy a house. If you like

los pódcasts escúchalo que seguro que te ayuda a mejorar tu comprensión del español, the|podcasts|listen to it|that|surely|that|you|it helps|to|improve|your|comprehension|of the|Spanish the podcasts listen to it because it will surely help you improve your understanding of Spanish,

y además como es solo audio puedes hacerlo mientras haces deporte, cocinas, paseas a and|besides|as|it is|only|audio|you can|to do it|while|you do|sports|you cook|you walk|to and also since it is only audio you can do it while exercising, cooking, walking your

tu perro o limpias la casa. ||||the| dog or cleaning the house.

En algunos países es muy frecuente alquilar una vivienda, mientras en otros la meta de In some countries it is very common to rent a home, while in others the goal of

casi todo el mundo es comprarla, ¿sabes que España está entre los países de Europa almost|all|the|world|it is|to buy it|you know|that|Spain|it is|among|the|countries|of|Europe almost everyone buys it, do you know that Spain is among the countries in Europe

donde es más frecuente comprar una vivienda en lugar de alquilar? where|it is|more|frequent|to buy|a|home|in|place|of|to rent where it is more common to buy a home rather than rent?

¿Cómo es la situación de España respecto a otros países europeos? how|it is|the|situation|of|Spain|regarding|to|other|countries|European What is the situation in Spain compared to other European countries?

Algunos países en los que es todavía más común que en España comprar son Rumanía, some|countries|in|which|than||||||in|Spain|to buy|they are|Romania Some countries where it is even more common than in Spain to buy are Romania,

Noruega, Lituania y Estonia. Sin embargo, por otro lado, Reino Unido, Dinamarca, Países Norway|Lithuania|and|Estonia|without|however|on|other|side|Kingdom|United|Denmark|Netherlands Norway, Lithuania, and Estonia. However, on the other hand, the United Kingdom, Denmark, the Netherlands, Germany, Austria, or France are the countries where the least is purchased in Europe.

Bajos, Alemania, Austria o Francia son los países en los que menos se compra en Europa. |||||they are||countries|||that||||| As you can see, these are quite economically diverse countries, so it seems that the country's economy is not the fundamental factor for buying or renting.

Como ves son países bastante diversos económicamente, por lo que parece la economía del país no |||||diverse|economically||||||||| So, what could be the most important factor?

es el factor fundamental para comprar o alquilar. Entonces, ¿Qué puede ser lo más importante? ||||||||so|what|it can|to be|the|most|important It is the fundamental factor to buy or rent. So what can be the most important thing?

Bueno, en el caso de España es la cultura. Para un español, o incluso para una familia well|in|the|case|of|Spain|it is|the|culture|||||||| Well, in the case of Spain, it is the culture. For a Spaniard, or even for a Spanish family

española que sus miembros tengan un piso en propiedad es importante. Nos da estabilidad Spanish|that|its|members|they have|an|apartment|in|ownership|it is|important||| having members who own an apartment is important. It gives us stability

y seguridad. ¡Eso es algo que nos encanta a los españoles! and|security|that|it is|something|that|to us|it delights|to|the|Spaniards and security. That is something we Spaniards love!

Y no solo nos da estabilidad tener una vivienda en propiedad, tener un trabajo fijo, o para and|not|only|to us|it gives|stability|having|a|home|in|ownership|having|a|job|fixed|or|for And not only does owning a home provide stability, having a permanent job, or for

toda la vida en España está muy bien valorado. De hecho, en España muchas personas quieren all|the|life|in|Spain|it is|very|well|valued|of|fact|in|Spain|many|people|they want life in Spain is highly valued. In fact, many people in Spain want

trabajar para el Gobierno, ser funcionarios, porque entre otras cosas suelen ser trabajos to work|for|the|Government|to be|civil servants|because|among|other|things|they usually|to be|jobs to work for the Government, to be civil servants, because among other things, these jobs are usually

para toda la vida. En muchos países esto es diferente, suele ser frecuente y se ve for|all|the|life|in|many|countries|this|it is|different|it usually|to be|frequent|and|itself|it is seen for life. In many countries this is different, it is common and seen

como algo positivo cambiar de empresa o compañía de vez en cuando. Aquí en España la idea as|something|positive|to change|of|company|or|company|of|time|in|when|here|in|Spain|the|idea as a positive thing to change companies or firms from time to time. Here in Spain the idea

tradicional era que si una persona estaba tres o cuatro años en una empresa y cambiaba traditional|it was|that|if|a|person|she/he was|three|or|four|years|in|a|company|and|she/he changed the traditional view was that if a person was in a company for three or four years and changed

es que había algún problema, era un poco raro. ¿Por qué vas a cambiar de trabajo it is|that|there was|some|problem|it was|a|a little|strange|for|why|you go|to|to change|of|job there was some kind of problem, it was a bit strange. Why would you change jobs

si ya tienes un trabajo estable? if|already|you have|a|job|stable if you already have a stable job?

Es comprensible que en este ambiente de cosas para toda la vida, tuviera mucho más sentido it is|understandable|that|in|this|environment|of|things|for|all|the|life|she/he had|much|more|sense It is understandable that in this environment of lifelong jobs, it made much more sense.

comprar que alquilar. De hecho, hasta hace un par de décadas se consideraba que en España to buy|than|to rent|of|fact|until|ago|a|couple|of|decades|itself|it was considered|that|in|Spain buying rather than renting. In fact, until a couple of decades ago, it was considered that in Spain

solo alquilaban las personas que no tenían dinero suficiente para comprar. only|they rented|the|people|that|not|they had|money|enough|to|to buy only those who did not have enough money to buy would rent.

Y hablando de estos factores económicos, ¿es barato comprar una vivienda en España? and|speaking|of|these|factors|economic|it is|cheap|to buy|a|home|in|Spain And speaking of these economic factors, is it cheap to buy a home in Spain?

Esta respuesta no es sencilla. Depende, en algunas ciudades y algunas zonas puedes encontrar this|answer|not|it is|simple|it depends|on|some|cities|and|some|areas|you can|to find This answer is not straightforward. It depends, in some cities and some areas you can find

viviendas bastante económicas, en otras ciudades, como Madrid, Barcelona o San Sebastián comprar homes|quite|affordable|in|other|cities|like|Madrid|Barcelona|or|Saint|Sebastian|to buy housing is quite affordable, in other cities, like Madrid, Barcelona or San Sebastián buying

una vivienda es bastante caro. Aunque claro, depende de tu salario, de tu sueldo. Un español a|home|it is|quite|expensive|although|of course|it depends|on|your|salary|of|your|income|| a home is quite expensive. Although of course, it depends on your salary, on your income. A Spaniard

tiene que invertir unos 11 años de salario completo para comprar una vivienda. Yo no he has|to|to invest|about|years|of|salary|full|to|to buy|a|home|I|not has to invest about 11 years of full salary to buy a home. I am not

soy un experto financiero, pero los expertos dicen que no se debe destinar más del 30% I am|a|expert|financial|but|the|experts|they say|that|not|itself|one should|to allocate|more|than the a financial expert, but experts say that no more than 30% should be allocated

de los ingresos a la vivienda. Por tanto, si hacemos cuentas, un español medio tardaría of|the|income|to|the|housing|for|so|if|we do|accounts|a|Spanish|average|it would take of the income to the housing. Therefore, if we do the math, an average Spaniard would take

unos 30 años en comprar una vivienda si no tiene ahorros. De hecho, en muchas ocasiones about|years|to|to buy|a|housing|if|not|he/she has|savings|of|fact|in|many|occasions about 30 years to buy a house if they have no savings. In fact, on many occasions

algunas familias ayudan a sus hijos a reunir el dinero de la “entrada” o el depósito. some|families|they help|to|their|children|to|to gather|the|money|of|the|down payment|or|the|deposit some families help their children gather the money for the "down payment" or deposit.

La entrada es el dinero ahorrado que debes tener para comprar una casa y financiarla the|down payment|it is|the|money|saved|that|you must|to have|in order to|to buy|a|house|and|to finance it The down payment is the saved money you must have to buy a house and finance it.

con una hipoteca. with|a|mortgage with a mortgage.

Así que para un español comprar una casa en España, sí que requiere bastante esfuerzo so|that|for|a|Spanish|to buy|a|house|in|Spain|yes|that|it requires|quite|effort So for a Spaniard, buying a house in Spain does require quite a bit of effort

financiero. Sin embargo, si eres alemán, británico o de cualquier otro país donde financial|||||||||||| financially. However, if you are German, British, or from any other country where

los sueldos son más altos comprar una vivienda en España te resultará un poco más barato. the|salaries|they are|more|high|to buy|a|property|in|Spain|you|it will result|a|little|more|cheap salaries are higher, buying a home in Spain will be a bit cheaper for you.

En cuanto al precio de la vivienda hay que señalar que ahora el esfuerzo que se requiere in|as for|to the|price|of|the|housing|there is|that|to point out|that|now|the|effort|that|itself|it requires Regarding the price of housing, it should be noted that the effort required now

es algo menor que hace unos años. Los pisos bajaron tras la crisis financiera de 2008. it is|somewhat|less|than|ago|a few|years|the|apartments|they dropped|after|the|crisis|financial|of is somewhat less than a few years ago. Housing prices dropped after the financial crisis of 2008.

Por cierto, España vivió la crisis de 2008 de una manera muy profunda debido a la llamada by|the way|Spain|it lived|the|crisis|of|in|a|way|very|deep|due|to|the|so-called By the way, Spain experienced the 2008 crisis in a very profound way due to the so-called

burbuja inmobiliaria. Durante los años anteriores a la crisis hubo muchas medidas fiscales que bubble|real estate|during|the|years|prior|to|the|crisis|there were|many|measures|fiscal|that real estate bubble. During the years leading up to the crisis, there were many fiscal measures that

favorecieron la compra de viviendas. La construcción tenía un peso enorme en la economía, movía they favored|the|purchase|of|homes|||||||||| they favored the purchase of homes. Construction had a huge weight in the economy, it moved

mucho dinero y, ¿qué ocurre cuando hay mucho dinero en juego? Que en muchas ocasiones también |||||||||in|||||| a lot of money and, what happens when there is a lot of money at stake? That on many occasions there is also

hay corrupción. Hubo zonas españolas donde se hicieron unos planes de construcción disparatados, there is|||||||||||| corruption. There were areas in Spain where some outrageous construction plans were made,

absurdos, locos, especialmente en las zonas de costa del Mediterráneo y Andalucía. Los absurd|crazy|especially|in|the|areas|of|coast|of the|Mediterranean|and|Andalusia| absurd, crazy, especially in the coastal areas of the Mediterranean and Andalusia. The

bancos también entraron en juego, daban créditos para comprar el piso, los muebles y de paso, banks|also|they entered|into|game|they gave|credits|to|to buy|the|apartment|the|furniture|and|of|step banks also got involved, providing loans to buy the apartment, the furniture, and on top of that,

el coche. Todo esto no era real, y finalmente la burbuja explotó. the|car|all|this|not|it was|real|and|finally|the|bubble|it exploded the car. All of this was not real, and eventually the bubble burst.

La  sociedad española se había moldeado en los años precrisis. Muchos jóvenes dejaban the|society|Spanish|itself|it had|shaped|in|the|years|pre-crisis|many|young people|they were leaving Spanish society had been shaped in the years before the crisis. Many young people stopped

de estudiar para ponerse a trabajar en la obra, en el sector de la construcción, aunque to|to study|to|to get|to|to work|in|the|construction|in|the|sector|of|the|construction|although studying to start working in construction, in the building sector, although

era un trabajo duro ganaban mucho dinero. Cuando la burbuja estalló el desempleo aumentó it was|a|job|hard|they earned|a lot of|money|when|the|bubble|it burst|the|unemployment|it increased it was hard work, they earned a lot of money. When the bubble burst, unemployment increased

muchísimo en España, el 18% de la población dependía de este sector. Los jóvenes que a lot|in|Spain|the|of|the|population|it depended|on|this|sector||| a lot in Spain, 18% of the population depended on this sector. The young people who

habían abandonado los estudios tuvieron que volver a formarse. Muchas familias no podían they had|abandoned|the|studies|they had|to|to return|to|to train|||| had dropped out of school had to return to training. Many families could not

pagar las hipotecas y eran desahuciadas, es decir, se quedaban sin casa. Al final, los to pay|the|mortgages|and|they were|evicted|that is|to say|themselves|they were left|without|house|in the|end|the pay their mortgages and were evicted, that is, they were left without a home. In the end, the

bancos necesitaron un rescate por parte de Europa. Realmente, las familias fueron las banks|they needed|a|rescue|by|part|of|Europe||||| banks needed a bailout from Europe. In reality, it was the families who

que sufrieron la crisis más duramente. that|they suffered|the|crisis|most|harshly suffered the crisis the hardest.

Después de la crisis del ladrillo, o la burbuja inmobiliaria, el sector inmobiliario se ha after|of|the|crisis|of the|brick|or|the|bubble|real estate|the|sector|real estate|itself|it has After the brick crisis, or the real estate bubble, the real estate sector has

moderado, pero durante este año han aparecido otros problemas y desafíos. Por ejemplo, |but|during|this|year|they have|appeared|other|problems|and|challenges|for|example moderated, but this year other problems and challenges have emerged. For example,

con el boom de los pisos turísticos los alquileres han subido mucho en algunas ciudades, y para with|the|boom|of|the|apartments|tourist|the|rents|they have|risen|a lot|in|some|cities|and|for with the boom of tourist apartments, rents have risen significantly in some cities, and for

aquellas personas que prefieren alquilar a comprar, encontrar un piso asequible se ha those|people|who|they prefer|to rent|than|to buy|to find|an|apartment|affordable|itself|it has those people who prefer renting over buying, finding an affordable apartment has become

convertido en un desafío en algunas ciudades,  Barcelona es un ejemplo de ello. ||an||||||||example|of|it a challenge in some cities, Barcelona is an example of this.

Ahora es tu turno, cuéntame si en tu país es más común la compra o el alquiler de now|it is|your|turn|tell me|if|in|your|country|it is|more|common|the|purchase|or|the|rental|of Now it's your turn, tell me if in your country buying or renting is more common.

vivienda y cuáles crees que son las razones para ello. housing|and|which|you think|that|they are|the|reasons|to|it housing and what do you think are the reasons for it.

Espero que te haya gustado el vídeo. Te espero en el próximo, en el siguiente. I hope|that|you|it has|liked|the|video|you|I wait|in|the|next|in|the|following I hope you liked the video. I'll see you in the next one.

¡Un abrazo grande! a|hug|big} A big hug!