Save The Butterflies Rettet die Schmetterlinge Salvar a las mariposas پروانه ها را نجات دهید Sauvez les papillons Salviamo le farfalle 蝶を救え Salvar as borboletas Kelebekleri Kurtarın 拯救蝴蝶 拯救蝴蝶

Voice 1

Welcome to Spotlight. I'm Joshua Leo. Voice 2

And I'm Liz Waid. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. Spotlight از یک روش خاص انگلیسی برای پخش استفاده می کند. It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live. درک آن برای مردم آسان تر است، مهم نیست در کجای جهان زندگی می کنند. 世界のどこに住んでいても、人々は理解しやすいです。

Voice 3

“I was watching a butterfly the other day, and I could not stop watching this beautiful flying insect with its colorful wings. 「先日、蝶を見ていましたが、色とりどりの羽を持ったこの美しい飛翔昆虫を見るのを止められませんでした。 I enjoy watching the activities of many insects and animals. たくさんの昆虫や動物の活動を見るのが好きです。 But I wondered why I found this butterfly so interesting. しかし、なぜこの蝶がとても面白いと思ったのか疑問に思いました。 Then I understood. بعد فهمیدم It was because I had not seen a butterfly for months.” 何ヶ月も蝶を見ていなかったからです。」 这是因为我已经好几个月没有看到蝴蝶了。”

Voice 1

These are the words of Michael Bloch. این سخنان مایکل بلوخ است. Michael is a blogger in Australia. مایکل یک وبلاگ نویس در استرالیا است. On his internet blog, Green Living Tips, he writes about living in a way that is good for the earth. او در وبلاگ اینترنتی خود، نکات زندگی سبز، در مورد زندگی به گونه ای می نویسد که برای زمین خوب است. 彼のインターネットブログ、Green Living Tipsで、彼は地球に良い方法で生活することについて書いています。 在他的互联网博客《绿色生活秘诀》中，他写到了如何以有益于地球的方式生活。 He writes about what he sees in nature. 彼は自然界で見ているものについて書いています。 And in 2007, he wrote about how he was seeing fewer and fewer butterflies. そして2007年に、彼は蝶がどんどん少なくなっている様子について書いています。

Voice 2

Michael is not the only one who has noticed that butterflies are disappearing. 蝶が消えていることに気付いたのはマイケルだけではありません。 Experts around the world have noticed too. 世界中の専門家も気づいています。 Over the past 50 years, the number of butterflies worldwide has been decreasing. 過去50年間で、世界中の蝶の数は減少しています。 On today's Spotlight we look at one particular butterfly - the Monarch. 今日のスポットライトでは、1つの特定の蝶であるモナークを見ていきます。 We look at some of the reasons why there are fewer of these butterflies. これらの蝶が少ない理由のいくつかを見ていきます。 我们来看看这些蝴蝶数量减少的一些原因。 And we look at some solutions for this problem. そして、この問題のいくつかの解決策を検討します。 我们研究了这个问题的一些解决方案。

Voice 1

Like many butterflies, Monarch butterflies are beautiful. 多くの蝶のように、モナーク蝶は美しいです。 The Monarch's wings are bright orange and black. モナークの翼は明るいオレンジと黒です。 The black edges of their wings also have small white marks. 彼らの翼の黒い縁にも小さな白い跡があります。 The Monarch is usually about nine to ten centimeters wide. モナークの幅は通常約9〜10センチです。

Voice 2

Monarch butterflies live in many places around the world. オオカバマダラは世界中の多くの場所に生息しています。 But the largest number of Monarchs live in North America. しかし、モナークの最大数は北アメリカに住んでいます。 And the Monarchs of North America are famous for a long journey they travel every year. そして、北アメリカの君主は彼らが毎年旅行する長い旅で有名です。 北美帝王蝶每年都会进行长途旅行而闻名。 Each autumn, millions of Monarchs leave the places they were born. 毎年秋に、何百万ものモナークが生まれた場所を去ります。 Together, they leave the United States and Canada. 一緒に、彼らは米国とカナダを去ります。 They fly thousands of kilometers south to Mexico. 彼らは何千キロも南にメキシコまで飛んでいます。 They do this to escape the cold winter months. Dělají to, aby unikli chladným zimním měsícům. 彼らは寒い冬の数ヶ月を逃れるためにこれを行います。 This is the yearly Monarch migration. Toto je každoroční migrace monarchů. これは毎年のモナークの移行です。 In the spring they travel the other direction - from Mexico to the United States and Canada. 春には、彼らは反対方向に移動します-メキシコから米国とカナダへ。 Then they mate and reproduce. その後、彼らは交尾して繁殖します。 然后它们交配并繁殖。

Voice 1

Ernest H. Williams and Dr. Chip Taylor have studied the Monarch migration for many years. アーネストH.ウィリアムズとチップテイラー博士は、モナークの移動を長年研究してきました。 Williams teaches biology at Hamilton College. Williams vyučuje biologii na Hamilton College. ウィリアムズはハミルトン大学で生物学を教えています。 Dr. Taylor studies insects at the University of Kansas and leads a group called Monarch Watch. テイラー博士はカンザス大学で昆虫を研究し、モナークウォッチと呼ばれるグループを率いています。 Recently, they were part of a group of scientists that released a new study. Nedávno byli součástí skupiny vědců, která vydala novou studii. 最近、彼らは新しい研究を発表した科学者のグループの一部でした。 最近，他们是发布一项新研究的科学家小组的一部分。

Voice 2

This study looked at the Monarch migration. この研究では、モナークの移行について調べました。 It measured the number of butterflies that reached Mexico every year for almost 20 years. Měřil počet motýlů, kteří se do Mexika dostali každý rok téměř 20 let. ほぼ20年間、毎年メキシコに到着した蝶の数を測定しました。 它测量了近 20 年来每年到达墨西哥的蝴蝶数量。 Scientists cannot count every butterfly. 科学者はすべての蝶を数えることはできません。 Instead, they look at how much land the group of butterflies uses to rest on. Místo toho se dívají na to, jak velkou plochu využívá skupina motýlů k odpočinku. 代わりに、彼らは蝶のグループが休むためにどれだけの土地を使用するかを見ます。 Then they estimate the number of butterflies. それから彼らは蝶の数を推定します。 The scientists found that the group of Monarchs in Mexico covers less land than before. Vědci zjistili, že skupina monarchů v Mexiku pokrývá méně území než dříve. 科学者たちは、メキシコの君主のグループが以前よりも少ない土地をカバーしていることを発見しました。 In fact, the amount of Monarchs spending the winter in Central Mexico is at the lowest level in 17 years. Ve skutečnosti je počet monarchů, kteří tráví zimu ve středním Mexiku, na nejnižší úrovni za posledních 17 let. 実際、中央メキシコで冬を過ごす君主の数は、17年間で最低レベルです。 事实上，在墨西哥中部过冬的帝王蝶数量正处于 17 年来的最低水平。

Voice 1

But why are Monarch butterflies disappearing? しかし、なぜモナーク蝶が消えているのですか？ The study suggests a few reasons. One reason is the loss of their natural resting place. Jedním z důvodů je ztráta jejich přirozeného místa odpočinku. Migrating Monarchs all gather on the same mountains every year. Migrující monarchové se každý rok shromažďují ve stejných horách. There are only 12 of these mountains. Here, millions of butterflies hang together on the trees. Tady na stromech visí pohromadě miliony motýlů. They cover every centimeter of the trees. The Monarchs rest here for the winter. Mexican authorities have tried to protect these natural forest areas. But, people enter illegally. Lidé však vstupují nelegálně. They cut down the trees. Experts believe this may be a major reason there are fewer Monarchs. Odborníci se domnívají, že to může být hlavní důvod, proč je méně monarchů.

Voice 2

Experts believe that people are also killing the Monarch's living spaces in the United States and Canada. Odborníci se domnívají, že lidé zabíjejí i životní prostory Monarcha ve Spojených státech a Kanadě. Milkweed plants are very important throughout the life of the Monarch butterfly. Female butterflies lay their eggs on milkweed plants. When the eggs open, the young caterpillars eat the milkweed leaves. Když se vajíčka otevřou, mladé housenky sežerou listy mléčnice. After the caterpillars change into butterflies, the adult butterflies feed on the flowers of the milkweed plant. Poté, co se housenky promění v motýly, se dospělí motýli živí květy rostliny mléčnice.

Voice 1

But in the last 20 years, milkweed in the United States and Canada has greatly decreased. There may not be enough milkweed for the Monarchs to use. One way people destroy milkweed is through land development. Jedním ze způsobů, jak lidé ničí mléčnici, je rozvoj půdy. People destroy natural places in Canada, the United States, and Mexico. They turn these natural spaces into houses, stores, and roads. Proměňují tyto přírodní prostory v domy, obchody a silnice.

Voice 2

Milkweed is also disappearing from farms. Farmers usually try to get rid of weeds - plants they do not want. Zemědělci se obvykle snaží zbavit plevele - rostlin, které nechtějí. This includes milkweed. In the past, there has still been enough milkweed for butterflies to use. V minulosti bylo stále dost mléčnice, kterou mohli motýli využít. But recently, farmers have been using stronger ways of controlling weeds.

Voice 1

They use a weed killer called Roundup. It is made of strong chemicals that kill weeds. The makers of Roundup also produce seeds. Tvůrci Roundupu také produkují semena. These seeds are genetically modified - their genes are different from normal crops. Farmers can plant these special crops, and then spread Roundup on them. The Roundup does not kill the crops. But it kills every weed. Along with the other weeds, Roundup kills milkweed. The study suggests that the use of genetically modified crops may be one cause of the lack of milkweed. Studie naznačuje, že jednou z příčin nedostatku mléčnice může být používání geneticky modifikovaných plodin. 研究表明，转基因作物的使用可能是马利筋缺乏的原因之一。

Voice 2

Robert G. Hartzler studies how people use science and technology to produce food. In a recent study, he looked at the amount of milkweed plants on farms in the states in the middle of the US. 在最近的一项研究中，他观察了美国中部各州农场的马利筋植物数量。 He looked at ten years worth of information - from 1999 to 2009. Podíval se na informace za deset let – od roku 1999 do roku 2009. He found that during this time, the amount of milkweed plants on farms in the state of Iowa decreased by 90%! Zjistil, že během této doby se množství rostlin mléčných na farmách ve státě Iowa snížilo o 90 %! But this is not just a problem in Iowa. Ale to není problém jen v Iowě. Dr Taylor told the New York Times: 泰勒博士告诉《纽约时报》：

Voice 4

“This milkweed has disappeared from at least 400,000 square kilometers of these row crops like soybeans and corn. The milkweed is basically gone.” Mléko je v podstatě pryč.“

Voice 1

Many butterfly experts believe people must continue working to save Monarch butterflies. The group Monarch Watch works to stop the decrease of Monarchs. Skupina Monarch Watch pracuje na zastavení úbytku monarchů. They suggest that people living near Monarch paths can do one very easy thing. Naznačují, že lidé žijící poblíž stezek Monarch mohou udělat jednu velmi snadnou věc. 他们建议居住在帝王之路附近的人们可以做一件非常简单的事情。 They can plant milkweed wherever they can. Mléko si mohou zasadit, kde jen mohou. Dr Taylor says that Monarch butterflies need all the help they can get. Doktor Taylor říká, že motýli Monarch potřebují veškerou pomoc, kterou mohou dostat. 泰勒博士说帝王蝶需要一切能得到的帮助。 He told the Kansas City Star newspaper:

Voice 4

“Monarch Watch is a program with no end in sight. „Monarch Watch je program bez konce. If we are going to save this butterfly migration, we need to have a lot of people helping us.” Pokud máme zachránit tuto migraci motýlů, potřebujeme mít spoustu lidí, kteří nám budou pomáhat.“ 如果我们要拯救蝴蝶的迁徙，就需要很多人的帮助。”

Voice 2

This is true for saving butterflies all around the world. There are organizations, like Monarch Watch, that work to increase the butterfly population in many parts of the world. Are you interested in increasing the butterfly population in your area? You can find links to these international organizations on the script page of this program. Maybe you can help save the butterflies in your area!

Voice 1

The writer and producer of this program was Liz Waid. All quotes were adapted and voiced by Spotlight. You can find our programs on the Internet at w w w radioenglish dot net. This program is called ‘Save The Butterflies'. We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program.