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•TED TALKS•, Ruby Wax: What's so funny about mental illness?

Ruby Wax: What's so funny about mental illness?

One in four people suffer from some sort of mental illness, so if it was one, two, three, four, it's you, sir. You. Yeah. (Laughter) With the weird teeth. And you next to him. (Laughter)You know who you are. Actually, that whole row isn't right. (Laughter) That's not good. Hi. Yeah. Real bad. Don't even look at me. (Laughter)

I am one of the one in four. Thank you.

I think I inherit it from my mother, who, used to crawl around the house on all fours. She had two sponges in her hand, and then she had two tied to her knees. My mother was completely absorbent. (Laughter) And she would crawl around behind me going, "Who brings footprints into a building?! " So that was kind of a clue that things weren't right. So before I start, I would like to thank the makers of Lamotrigine, Sertraline, and Reboxetine, because without those few simple chemicals, I would not be vertical today.

So how did it start? My mental illness -- well, I'm not even going to talk about my mental illness. What am I going to talk about? Okay. I always dreamt that, when I had my final breakdown, it would be because I had a deep Kafkaesque existentialist revelation, or that maybe Cate Blanchett would play me and she would win an Oscar for it. (Laughter) But that's not what happened. I had my breakdown during my daughter's sports day. There were all the parents sitting in a parking lot eating food out of the back of their car -- only the English -- eating their sausages. They loved their sausages. (Laughter) Lord and Lady Rigor Mortis were nibbling on the tarmac, and then the gun went off and all the girlies started running, and all the mummies went, "Run! Run Chlamydia! Run!" (Laughter) "Run like the wind, Veruca! Run! " And all the girlies, girlies running, running, running, everybody except for my daughter, who was just standing at the starting line, just waving, because she didn't know she was supposed to run. So I took to my bed for about a month, and when I woke up I found I was institutionalized, and when I saw the other inmates, I realized that I had found my people, my tribe. (Laughter) Because they became my only friends, they became my friends, because very few people that I knew -- Well, I wasn't sent a lot of cards or flowers. I mean, if I had had a broken leg or I was with child I would have been inundated, but all I got was a couple phone calls telling me to perk up. Perk up. Because I didn't think of that. (Laughter) (Laughter) (Applause)

Because, you know, the one thing, one thing that you get with this disease, this one comes with a package, is you get a real sense of shame, because your friends go, "Oh come on, show me the lump, show me the x-rays," and of course you've got nothing to show, so you're, like, really disgusted with yourself because you're thinking, "I'm not being carpet-bombed. I don't live in a township. " So you start to hear these abusive voices, but you don't hear one abusive voice, you hear about a thousand -- 100,000 abusive voices, like if the Devil had Tourette's, that's what it would sound like. But we all know in here, you know, there is no Devil, there are no voices in your head. You know that when you have those abusive voices, all those little neurons get together and in that little gap you get a real toxic "I want to kill myself" kind of chemical, and if you have that over and over again on a loop tape, you might have yourself depression. Oh, and that's not even the tip of the iceberg. If you get a little baby, and you abuse it verbally, its little brain sends out chemicals that are so destructive that the little part of its brain that can tell good from bad just doesn't grow, so you might have yourself a homegrown psychotic. If a soldier sees his friend blown up, his brain goes into such high alarm that he can't actually put the experience into words, so he just feels the horror over and over again.

So here's my question. My question is, how come when people have mental damage, it's always an active imagination? How come every other organ in your body can get sick and you get sympathy, except the brain?

I'd like to talk a little bit more about the brain, because I know you like that here at TED, so if you just give me a minute here, okay. Okay, let me just say, there's some good news.There is some good news. First of all, let me say, we've come a long, long way. We started off as a teeny, teeny little one-celled amoeba, tiny, just sticking onto a rock, and now, voila, the brain. Here we go. (Laughter) This little baby has a lot of horsepower. It comes completely conscious. It's got state-of-the-art lobes. We've got the occipital lobe so we can actually see the world. We got the temporal lobe so we can actually hear the world. Here we've got a little bit of long-term memory, so, you know that night you want to forget, when you got really drunk? Bye-bye! Gone. (Laughter) So actually, it's filled with 100 billion neurons just zizzing away, electrically transmitting information, zizzing, zizzing. I'm going to give you a little side view here. I don't know if you can get that here. (Laughter) So, zizzing away, and so — (Laughter) — And for every one — I know, I drew this myself. Thank you.For every one single neuron, you can actually have from 10,000 to 100,000 different connections or dendrites or whatever you want to call it, and every time you learn something, or you have an experience, that bush grows, you know, that bush of information.Can you imagine, every human being is carrying that equipment, even Paris Hilton? (Laughter) Go figure.

But I got a little bad news for you folks. I got some bad news. This isn't for the one in four. This is for the four in four. We are not equipped for the 21st century. Evolution did not prepare us for this. We just don't have the bandwidth, and for people who say, oh, they're having a nice day, they're perfectly fine, they're more insane than the rest of us. Because I'll show you where there might be a few glitches in evolution. Okay, let me just explain this to you. When we were ancient man — (Laughter) — millions of years ago, and we suddenly felt threatened by a predator, okay? — (Laughter) — we would — Thank you. I drew these myself. (Laughter) Thank you very much. Thank you.

Thank you.

(Applause) Thank you. Anyway, we would fill up with our own adrenaline and our own cortisol, and then we'd kill or be killed, we'd eat or we'd be eaten, and then suddenly we'd de-fuel, and we'd go back to normal. Okay. So the problem is, nowadays, with modern man— (Laughter) — when we feel in danger, we still fill up with our own chemical but because we can't kill traffic wardens — (Laughter) — or eat estate agents, the fuel just stays in our body over and over, so we're in a constant state of alarm, a constant state. And here's another thing that happened. About 150,000 years ago, when language came online, we started to put words to this constant emergency, so it wasn't just, "Oh my God, there's a saber-toothed tiger," which could be, it was suddenly, "Oh my God, I didn't send the email. Oh my God, my thighs are too fat. Oh my God, everybody can see I'm stupid. I didn't get invited to the Christmas party! " So you've got this nagging loop tape that goes over and over again that drives you insane, so, you see what the problem is? What once made you safe now drives you insane. I'm sorry to be the bearer of bad news, but somebody has to be. Your pets are happier than you are. (Laughter)(Applause) So kitty cat, meow, happy happy happy, human beings, screwed. (Laughter)Completely and utterly -- so, screwed.

But my point is, if we don't talk about this stuff, and we don't learn how to deal with our lives, it's not going to be one in four. It's going to be four in four who are really, really going to get ill in the upstairs department. And while we're at it, can we please stop the stigma? Thank you.

(Applause) (Applause) Thank you.

Ruby Wax: What's so funny about mental illness? Ruby Wax: Was ist so lustig an Geisteskrankheiten? Ruby Wax: Ρούμπι Γουάξ: Τι το αστείο έχει η ψυχική ασθένεια; Ruby Wax: What's so funny about mental illness? Ruby Wax: ¿Qué tiene de gracioso la enfermedad mental? Ruby Wax : Qu'y a-t-il de si drôle dans la maladie mentale ? Ruby Wax: 精神疾患の何がそんなに面白いの? 루비 왁스: 정신 질환의 웃긴 점은 무엇인가요? Ruby Wax: Co jest takiego zabawnego w chorobie psychicznej? Ruby Wax: O que há de tão engraçado nas doenças mentais? Руби Вакс: Что смешного в психических заболеваниях? Ruby Wax: Akıl hastalığının nesi bu kadar komik? Рубі Вакс: Що смішного в психічних захворюваннях? Ruby Wax:精神疾病有什么好笑的? Ruby Wax:精神病有什么好笑的?

One in four people suffer from some sort of mental illness, so if it was one, two, three, four, it’s you, sir. One in four people suffer from some sort of mental illness, so if it was one, two, three, four, it's you, sir. Una de cada cuatro personas sufre algún tipo de enfermedad mental, así que si era una, dos, tres, cuatro, es usted, señor. 4 人に 1 人は何らかの精神疾患を患っています。1、2、3、4 ならあなたです。 四分之一的人患有某种精神疾病,所以如果是一、二、三、四,那就是你了,先生。 You. Yeah. (Laughter) With the weird teeth. (Gelächter) Mit den komischen Zähnen. (Risas) Con los dientes raros. (笑) 変な歯で。 And you next to him. And you next to him. Y tú a su lado. そして、あなたは彼の隣にいます。 (Laughter)You know who you are. (Gelächter)Sie wissen, wer Sie sind. (笑い)あなたは自分が誰であるかを知っています。 Actually, that whole row isn’t right. 実際、その行全体が正しくありません。 (Laughter) That’s not good. (笑) ダメです。 Hi. Yeah. Real bad. 本当に悪い。 Don’t even look at me. 私を見ないでください。 (Laughter)

I am one of the one in four. 私は4人に1人です。 Thank you.

I think I inherit it from my mother, who, used to crawl around the house on all fours. Je pense que j'ai hérité de ma mère, qui avait l'habitude de se déplacer à quatre pattes dans la maison. 四つん這いで家の中を這い回っていた母から受け継いだものだと思います。 She had two sponges in her hand, and then she had two tied to her knees. Elle avait deux éponges dans la main, puis deux autres attachées à ses genoux. 彼女は手に 2 つのスポンジを持っており、2 つを膝に結び付けていました。 她手裡拿著兩塊海綿,膝蓋上綁著兩塊。 My mother was completely absorbent. Ma mère était complètement absorbante. 私の母は完全に吸収的でした。 (Laughter) And she would crawl around behind me going, "Who brings footprints into a building?! (Rires) Et elle rampait derrière moi en disant : "Qui apporte des empreintes de pas dans un bâtiment ? (笑) そして、彼女は私の後ろを這い回り、「建物に足跡を持ち込むのは誰?! (笑聲)她會在我身後爬來爬去,「誰把腳印帶進建築物了?! " So that was kind of a clue that things weren’t right. " Das war also eine Art Hinweis darauf, dass etwas nicht stimmte. 「つまり、それは物事が正しくないという手がかりのようなものでした. 「所以這是一個線索,表明事情不對勁。 So before I start, I would like to thank the makers of Lamotrigine, Sertraline, and Reboxetine, because without those few simple chemicals, I would not be vertical today. Bevor ich also beginne, möchte ich den Herstellern von Lamotrigin, Sertralin und Reboxetin danken, denn ohne diese paar einfachen Chemikalien wäre ich heute nicht in der Vertikalen. Así que antes de empezar, me gustaría dar las gracias a los fabricantes de Lamotrigina, Sertralina y Reboxetina, porque sin esas pocas y simples sustancias químicas, hoy no estaría en posición vertical. Avant de commencer, j'aimerais remercier les fabricants de Lamotrigine, Sertraline et Reboxetine, car sans ces quelques produits chimiques simples, je ne serais pas à la verticale aujourd'hui. ですから、始める前に、ラモトリジン、セルトラリン、レボキセチンのメーカーに感謝したいと思います。なぜなら、これらのいくつかの単純な化学物質がなければ、今日私は垂直ではなかったからです. 所以在開始之前,我要感謝拉莫三嗪、舍曲林和瑞波西汀的製造商,因為沒有這些簡單的化學物質,我今天就不會垂直。

So how did it start? それで、それはどのように始まりましたか? 那麼它是如何開始的呢? My mental illness -- well, I’m not even going to talk about my mental illness. Meine Geisteskrankheit - nun, ich werde nicht einmal über meine Geisteskrankheit sprechen. Ma maladie mentale - eh bien, je ne vais même pas parler de ma maladie mentale. 私の精神病 - まあ、私は自分の精神病について話すつもりはありません. 我的精神疾病——好吧,我甚至不打算談論我的精神疾病。 What am I going to talk about? 私は何について話すつもりですか? 我要談什麼? Okay. I always dreamt that, when I had my final breakdown, it would be because I had a deep Kafkaesque existentialist revelation, or that maybe Cate Blanchett would play me and she would win an Oscar for it. Siempre soñé que, cuando tuviera mi colapso final, sería porque había tenido una profunda revelación existencialista kafkiana, o que tal vez Cate Blanchett me interpretaría y ganaría un Oscar por ello. J'ai toujours rêvé que, lorsque je ferais ma dernière dépression, ce serait parce que j'aurais une profonde révélation existentielle kafkaïenne, ou que Cate Blanchett jouerait mon rôle et qu'elle remporterait un Oscar pour cela. 私が最後に挫折したとき、それは私が深いカフカエスクの実存主義の啓示を持っていたからなのか、ケイト・ブランシェットが私を演じてオスカーを獲得したからなのだろうかといつも夢見ていました。 Я всегда мечтал, что когда у меня случится последний срыв, это будет связано с глубоким кафкианским экзистенциалистским откровением, или что, может быть, Кейт Бланшетт сыграет меня и получит за это "Оскар". 我總是夢想,當我最終崩潰時,那是因為我有深刻的卡夫卡式的存在主義啟示,或者也許凱特·布蘭切特會扮演我,她會因此贏得奧斯卡獎。 (Laughter) But that’s not what happened. (笑) でも、そうではありませんでした。 I had my breakdown during my daughter’s sports day. 娘の運動会で体調を崩しました。 我在女兒運動會期間崩潰了。 There were all the parents sitting in a parking lot eating food out of the back of their car -- only the English -- eating their sausages. 駐車場に座って車の後ろから食べ物を食べている親たち全員がいたが、イギリス人だけがソーセージを食べていた. 所有的父母都坐在停車場從車後座吃食物──只有英國人──吃著香腸。 They loved their sausages. 彼らはソーセージが大好きでした。 他們喜歡他們的香腸。 (Laughter) Lord and Lady Rigor Mortis were nibbling on the tarmac, and then the gun went off and all the girlies started running, and all the mummies went, "Run! (Gelächter) Lord und Lady Rigor Mortis knabberten am Asphalt, und dann ging der Schuss los und alle Girlies rannten los, und alle Mumien riefen: "Lauft! (Risas) Lord y Lady Rigor Mortis estaban mordisqueando el asfalto, y entonces sonó el disparo y todas las chicas empezaron a correr, y todas las momias dijeron: "¡Corre! (Rires) Lord et Lady Rigor Mortis grignotaient le tarmac, puis le coup de feu a retenti et toutes les filles se sont mises à courir, et toutes les mamans ont dit : "Courez ! (笑) リゴール・モーティス卿夫妻が駐機場をかじっていました すると銃が鳴り響き 女の子たちは走り出しました ミイラたちは「逃げろ! (Смех) Лорд и леди Ригор Мортис грызли асфальт, а потом раздался выстрел, и все девочки побежали, а все мамочки закричали: "Бежим! (笑聲) 莫蒂斯勳爵和夫人正在啃咬停機坪,然後槍響了,所有的女孩們開始奔跑,所有的木乃伊都喊道:“跑! Run Chlamydia! クラミジアを実行します! Run!" (Laughter) "Run like the wind, Veruca! (笑) 「風のように走れ、ベルーカ! Run! " And all the girlies, girlies running, running, running, everybody except for my daughter, who was just standing at the starting line, just waving, because she didn’t know she was supposed to run. " Und all die Girlies, Girlies, die rennen, rennen, rennen, alle außer meiner Tochter, die an der Startlinie stand und nur winkte, weil sie nicht wusste, dass sie rennen sollte. " Et toutes les filles, les filles qui courent, courent, courent, tout le monde sauf ma fille, qui se tenait sur la ligne de départ, faisant signe, parce qu'elle ne savait pas qu'elle était censée courir. 「所有的女孩,女孩們都在跑、跑、跑,除了我女兒,她只是站在起跑線上揮手,因為她不知道自己應該跑。 So I took to my bed for about a month, and when I woke up I found I was institutionalized, and when I saw the other inmates, I realized that I had found my people, my tribe. Así que me metí en mi cama durante un mes, y cuando me desperté descubrí que estaba internado, y cuando vi a los otros internos, me di cuenta de que había encontrado a mi gente, a mi tribu. J'ai donc pris mon lit pendant environ un mois, et lorsque je me suis réveillé, j'ai découvert que j'étais interné, et lorsque j'ai vu les autres détenus, j'ai réalisé que j'avais trouvé mon peuple, ma tribu. それで私は 1 か月ほどベッドで過ごしました。目が覚めたとき、私は自分が施設に入れられていることに気づきました。他の受刑者を見たとき、私は自分の人々、自分の部族を見つけたことに気づきました。 所以我在床上躺了大約一個月,當我醒來時,我發現我被送進了收容機構,當我看到其他囚犯時,我意識到我找到了我的人民,我的部落。 (Laughter) Because they became my only friends, they became my friends, because very few people that I knew -- Well, I wasn’t sent a lot of cards or flowers. (Rires) Parce qu'ils sont devenus mes seuls amis, ils sont devenus mes amis, parce que très peu de gens que je connaissais -- Eh bien, on ne m'envoyait pas beaucoup de cartes ou de fleurs. (笑) 彼らが私の唯一の友達になったからです 彼らは私の友達になりました なぜなら私が知っている人はほとんどいなかったからです -- まあ、私はたくさんのカードや花を送られませんでした. (笑聲)因為他們成為我唯一的朋友,他們成為我的朋友,因為我認識的人很少——嗯,我沒有收到很多卡片或鮮花。 I mean, if I had had a broken leg or I was with child I would have been inundated, but all I got was a couple phone calls telling me to perk up. Ich meine, wenn ich ein gebrochenes Bein gehabt hätte oder schwanger gewesen wäre, wäre ich überschwemmt worden, aber alles, was ich bekam, waren ein paar Anrufe, die mir sagten, ich solle mich zusammenreißen. Je veux dire que si j'avais eu une jambe cassée ou si j'avais eu un enfant, j'aurais été inondée, mais tout ce que j'ai reçu, ce sont quelques appels téléphoniques me disant de me ressaisir. つまり、足を骨折したり、子供と一緒にいたりしていたら、水浸しになっていたでしょうが、元気を出すようにとの電話が数回かかっただけでした。 我的意思是,如果我腿斷了或懷了孩子,我就會被淹沒,但我收到的只是幾個電話,讓我振作起來。 Perk up. Aufgepasst. 元気を出してください。 Because I didn’t think of that. Parce que je n'y ai pas pensé. そんなこと考えてなかったから。 因為我沒有想到這一點。 (Laughter) (Laughter) (Applause)

Because, you know, the one thing, one thing that you get with this disease, this one comes with a package, is you get a real sense of shame, because your friends go, "Oh come on, show me the lump, show me the x-rays," and of course you’ve got nothing to show, so you’re, like, really disgusted with yourself because you’re thinking, "I’m not being carpet-bombed. Denn, wissen Sie, eine Sache, die man mit dieser Krankheit bekommt, die mit einem Paket kommt, ist, dass man ein echtes Gefühl der Scham bekommt, weil Ihre Freunde sagen: "Oh komm schon, zeig mir den Knoten, zeig mir die Röntgenbilder", und natürlich haben Sie nichts zu zeigen, also sind Sie wirklich angewidert von sich selbst, weil Sie denken: "Ich werde nicht mit einem Teppich bombardiert. Parce que, vous savez, la chose, la chose que vous obtenez avec cette maladie, celle qui est livrée avec un paquet, c'est que vous avez un vrai sentiment de honte, parce que vos amis disent, "Oh allez, montrez-moi la bosse, montrez-moi les radios", et bien sûr vous n'avez rien à montrer, alors vous êtes, comme, vraiment dégoûté de vous-même parce que vous pensez, "Je ne suis pas en train de me faire bombarder de tapis. なぜなら、この病気で1つ、このパッケージに付属している1つのことは、あなたが本当の恥ずかしさを感じることです.もちろん、あなたは何も見せられないので、あなたは自分自身に本当にうんざりしています. 因為,你知道,你會因為這種疾病而得到一件事,一件事是你會感到真正的羞恥感,因為你的朋友會說,「哦來吧,給我看腫塊,給我看給我拍X 光片,」當然你沒有什麼好看的,所以你真的很厭惡自己,因為你在想,「我沒有被地毯式轟炸。 I don’t live in a township. Je ne vis pas dans un canton. 私は町に住んでいません。 我不住在鄉鎮。 " So you start to hear these abusive voices, but you don’t hear one abusive voice, you hear about a thousand -- 100,000 abusive voices, like if the Devil had Tourette’s, that’s what it would sound like. " Man fängt also an, diese beleidigenden Stimmen zu hören, aber man hört nicht nur eine beleidigende Stimme, sondern ungefähr tausend - 100.000 beleidigende Stimmen, als ob der Teufel das Tourette-Syndrom hätte, so würde es sich anhören. " Vous commencez donc à entendre ces voix abusives, mais vous n'entendez pas une seule voix abusive, vous en entendez un millier - 100 000 voix abusives, comme si le Diable avait la Tourette, c'est à ça que ça ressemblerait. 」 それで、これらの虐待的な声が聞こえ始めますが、1つの虐待的な声が聞こえません。約1000、100,000の虐待的な声が聞こえます.まるで悪魔がトゥレット症候群を持っているかのように、それはどのように聞こえるか. 「所以你開始聽到這些辱罵的聲音,但你聽不到一個辱罵的聲音,你聽到大約一千個——十萬個辱罵的聲音,就像如果魔鬼得了圖雷特氏症,那就是聽起來的樣子。 But we all know in here, you know, there is no Devil, there are no voices in your head. しかし、私たちは皆、ここには悪魔がいないことを知っています。あなたの頭の中に声はありません。 You know that when you have those abusive voices, all those little neurons get together and in that little gap you get a real toxic "I want to kill myself" kind of chemical, and if you have that over and over again on a loop tape, you might have yourself depression. Sabes que cuando tienes esas voces abusivas, todas esas pequeñas neuronas se juntan y en ese pequeño hueco obtienes un tipo de químico realmente tóxico del tipo "quiero suicidarme", y si tienes eso una y otra vez en una cinta en bucle, podrías tener tú mismo depresión. Vous savez que lorsque vous entendez ces voix abusives, tous ces petits neurones se rassemblent et dans ce petit espace, vous obtenez une substance chimique toxique du type "je veux me tuer", et si vous entendez cela en boucle, vous risquez de souffrir de dépression. 虐待的な声を発すると、小さなニューロンがすべて集まって、その小さなギャップで、本当に有毒な「自殺したい」種類の化学物質が得られることを知っています。それがループテープで何度も繰り返されると、あなた自身がうつ病かもしれません。 你知道,當你發出那些辱罵的聲音時,所有這些小神經元都會聚集在一起,在那個小間隙中,你會得到一種真正有毒的“我想自殺”之類的化學物質,如果你在循環磁帶上一遍又一遍地播放這種化學物質,你可能患有憂鬱症。 Oh, and that’s not even the tip of the iceberg. Et ce n'est même pas la partie émergée de l'iceberg. ああ、それは氷山の一角でさえありません。 哦,這還不是冰山一角。 If you get a little baby, and you abuse it verbally, its little brain sends out chemicals that are so destructive that the little part of its brain that can tell good from bad just doesn’t grow, so you might have yourself a homegrown psychotic. Si vous avez un petit bébé et que vous le maltraitez verbalement, son petit cerveau envoie des substances chimiques si destructrices que la petite partie de son cerveau capable de distinguer le bien du mal ne se développe pas, de sorte que vous pourriez avoir un psychotique maison. あなたが小さな赤ちゃんを産み、それを口頭で虐待すると、その小さな脳は非常に破壊的な化学物質を放出するため、善悪を見分けることができる脳の小さな部分は成長しません。 . Если у вас есть маленький ребенок, и вы оскорбляете его словесно, его маленький мозг посылает химические вещества, которые настолько разрушительны, что маленькая часть его мозга, которая может отличить хорошее от плохого, просто не вырастет, и у вас может появиться доморощенный психотик. 如果你養了一個小嬰兒,你用言語虐待他,他的小大腦會發出具有破壞性的化學物質,以至於他大腦中能夠辨別好壞的那一小部分就不會生長,所以你可能會成為本土精神病患者。 If a soldier sees his friend blown up, his brain goes into such high alarm that he can’t actually put the experience into words, so he just feels the horror over and over again. Si un soldado ve a su amigo volar por los aires, su cerebro entra en tal estado de alarma que no puede expresar la experiencia con palabras, por lo que se limita a sentir el horror una y otra vez. Si un soldat voit son ami se faire exploser, son cerveau est tellement en alerte qu'il ne peut pas exprimer l'expérience par des mots, et il ressent donc l'horreur encore et encore. 兵士が友人が爆破されたのを見ると、その経験を実際に言葉にすることができないほど脳が非常に警戒し、恐怖を何度も何度も感じます。

So here’s my question. だからここに私の質問があります。 My question is, how come when people have mental damage, it’s always an active imagination? Ich frage mich, warum es sich bei geistigen Schäden immer um eine aktive Einbildung handelt. Ma question est la suivante : comment se fait-il que les personnes atteintes de troubles mentaux aient toujours une imagination active ? 私の質問は、人々が精神的損傷を負っているとき、それは常に活発な想像力であるのはなぜですか? How come every other organ in your body can get sick and you get sympathy, except the brain? Wie kommt es, dass jedes andere Organ in Ihrem Körper krank werden kann und Sie Mitleid bekommen, nur das Gehirn nicht? ¿Cómo es que todos los demás órganos del cuerpo pueden enfermar y te compadeces, excepto el cerebro? Comment se fait-il que tous les autres organes de votre corps puissent tomber malades et que vous soyez compatissants, à l'exception du cerveau ? 脳を除いて、体の他のすべての臓器が病気になり、共感を得るのはなぜですか?

I’d like to talk a little bit more about the brain, because I know you like that here at TED, so if you just give me a minute here, okay. 脳についてもう少し話したいと思います ここTEDであなたがそれを好きだと知っているので、ここで少し時間をください. Okay, let me just say, there’s some good news.There is some good news. いいニュースがあります。良いニュースがあります。 First of all, let me say, we’ve come a long, long way. Tout d'abord, permettez-moi de dire que nous avons parcouru un long, très long chemin. まず第一に、私たちは長い道のりを歩んできました。 We started off as a teeny, teeny little one-celled amoeba, tiny, just sticking onto a rock, and now, voila, the brain. Au départ, nous étions une toute petite amibe unicellulaire, minuscule, collée à un rocher, et voilà que nous avons le cerveau. 私たちは、小さな小さな単細胞アメーバとして始まりました。小さな、岩にくっついているだけです。そして今、ほら、脳です。 Here we go. Allá vamos. どうぞ。 (Laughter) This little baby has a lot of horsepower. (Rires) Ce petit bébé a beaucoup de puissance. (笑) この小さな赤ちゃんはすごい馬力を持っています。 It comes completely conscious. それは完全に意識的になります。 It’s got state-of-the-art lobes. Il est doté de lobes ultramodernes. We’ve got the occipital lobe so we can actually see the world. 私たちは後頭葉を持っているので、実際に世界を見ることができます。 We got the temporal lobe so we can actually hear the world. Here we’ve got a little bit of long-term memory, so, you know that night you want to forget, when you got really drunk? Bye-bye! Gone. (Laughter) So actually, it’s filled with 100 billion neurons just zizzing away, electrically transmitting information, zizzing, zizzing. I’m going to give you a little side view here. Je vais vous donner une petite vue de côté. I don’t know if you can get that here. (Laughter) So, zizzing away, and so — (Laughter) — And for every one — I know, I drew this myself. (Rires) Ainsi, le zizi s'éloigne, et ainsi - (Rires) - Et pour chacun - je sais, je l'ai dessiné moi-même. Thank you.For every one single neuron, you can actually have from 10,000 to 100,000 different connections or dendrites or whatever you want to call it, and every time you learn something, or you have an experience, that bush grows, you know, that bush of information.Can you imagine, every human being is carrying that equipment, even Paris Hilton? Gracias. Por cada neurona, puedes tener de 10.000 a 100.000 conexiones o dendritas diferentes, o como quieras llamarlo, y cada vez que aprendes algo o tienes una experiencia, ese arbusto crece, ya sabes, ese arbusto de información. ¿Te imaginas que todos los seres humanos lleven ese equipo, incluso Paris Hilton? Pour chaque neurone, vous pouvez avoir entre 10 000 et 100 000 connexions ou dendrites différentes, et chaque fois que vous apprenez quelque chose, ou que vous avez une expérience, ce buisson grandit, vous savez, ce buisson d'informations... Pouvez-vous imaginer que chaque être humain porte cet équipement, même Paris Hilton ? (Laughter) Go figure.

But I got a little bad news for you folks. I got some bad news. This isn’t for the one in four. Il ne s'agit pas d'une personne sur quatre. This is for the four in four. C'est pour les quatre en quatre. We are not equipped for the 21st century. Evolution did not prepare us for this. We just don’t have the bandwidth, and for people who say, oh, they’re having a nice day, they’re perfectly fine, they’re more insane than the rest of us. Nous n'avons tout simplement pas la bande passante nécessaire, et ceux qui disent qu'ils passent une bonne journée, qu'ils vont parfaitement bien, sont encore plus fous que le reste d'entre nous. Because I’ll show you where there might be a few glitches in evolution. Parce que je vais vous montrer où il peut y avoir quelques failles dans l'évolution. Okay, let me just explain this to you. When we were ancient man — (Laughter) — millions of years ago, and we suddenly felt threatened by a predator, okay? — (Laughter) — we would — Thank you. I drew these myself. (Laughter) Thank you very much. Thank you.

Thank you.

(Applause) Thank you. Anyway, we would fill up with our own adrenaline and our own cortisol, and then we’d kill or be killed, we’d eat or we’d be eaten, and then suddenly we’d de-fuel, and we’d go back to normal. Quoi qu'il en soit, nous nous remplissions d'adrénaline et de cortisol, puis nous tuions ou étions tués, nous mangions ou étions mangés, et soudain nous nous vidions de notre carburant, et nous revenions à la normale. Okay. So the problem is, nowadays, with modern man— (Laughter) — when we feel in danger, we still fill up with our own chemical but because we can’t kill traffic wardens — (Laughter) — or eat estate agents, the fuel just stays in our body over and over, so we’re in a constant state of alarm, a constant state. Así que el problema es que, hoy en día, con el hombre moderno- (Risas) - cuando nos sentimos en peligro, seguimos llenándonos de nuestra propia sustancia química, pero como no podemos matar a los guardias de tráfico- (Risas) - o comernos a los agentes inmobiliarios, el combustible se queda en nuestro cuerpo una y otra vez, así que estamos en un estado constante de alarma, un estado constante. Le problème, c'est qu'aujourd'hui, avec l'homme moderne (rires), lorsque nous nous sentons en danger, nous continuons à faire le plein de nos propres produits chimiques, mais comme nous ne pouvons pas tuer des agents de la circulation (rires) ou manger des agents immobiliers, le carburant reste dans notre corps encore et encore, de sorte que nous sommes dans un état d'alarme constant, un état constant. And here’s another thing that happened. About 150,000 years ago, when language came online, we started to put words to this constant emergency, so it wasn’t just, "Oh my God, there’s a saber-toothed tiger," which could be, it was suddenly, "Oh my God, I didn’t send the email. Hace unos 150.000 años, cuando surgió el lenguaje, empezamos a poner palabras a esta emergencia constante, así que ya no era sólo: "Dios mío, hay un tigre dientes de sable", que podría serlo, sino que de repente era: "Dios mío, no he enviado el correo electrónico". Il y a environ 150 000 ans, lorsque le langage est apparu, nous avons commencé à mettre des mots sur cette situation d'urgence permanente, de sorte qu'il ne s'agissait plus seulement de dire "Oh mon Dieu, il y a un tigre à dents de sabre", ce qui pourrait être le cas, mais aussi de dire "Oh mon Dieu, je n'ai pas envoyé le courrier électronique". Oh my God, my thighs are too fat. Oh mon Dieu, mes cuisses sont trop grosses. Oh my God, everybody can see I’m stupid. I didn’t get invited to the Christmas party! " So you’ve got this nagging loop tape that goes over and over again that drives you insane, so, you see what the problem is? What once made you safe now drives you insane. Ce qui vous sécurisait autrefois vous rend aujourd'hui fou. I’m sorry to be the bearer of bad news, but somebody has to be. Je suis désolé d'être le porteur de mauvaises nouvelles, mais il faut bien que quelqu'un le soit. Your pets are happier than you are. (Laughter)(Applause) So kitty cat, meow, happy happy happy, human beings, screwed. (Rires) (Applaudissements) Alors chaton, miaou, heureux heureux heureux, êtres humains, foutus. (Смех) (Аплодисменты) Так что кис-кис, мяу, хэппи хэппи, человеки, кранты. (Laughter)Completely and utterly -- so, screwed. (Смех) Полностью и полностью - так, кранты.

But my point is, if we don’t talk about this stuff, and we don’t learn how to deal with our lives, it’s not going to be one in four. Mais ce que je veux dire, c'est que si nous ne parlons pas de ces choses, et si nous n'apprenons pas à gérer nos vies, ce ne sera pas une personne sur quatre. Но я хочу сказать, что если мы не будем говорить об этом и не научимся справляться со своей жизнью, то это не будет каждый четвертый. It’s going to be four in four who are really, really going to get ill in the upstairs department. Ce seront quatre personnes sur quatre qui seront vraiment, vraiment malades dans le département de l'étage. And while we’re at it, can we please stop the stigma? Et pendant que nous y sommes, pouvons-nous arrêter la stigmatisation ? Thank you.

(Applause) (Applause) Thank you.