Chapter 4

IV HOW CANDIDE FOUND HIS OLD MASTER PANGLOSS, AND WHAT HAPPENED TO THEM.

Candide, yet more moved with compassion than with horror, gave to this shocking beggar the two florins which he had received from the honest Anabaptist James. Candide, encore plus ému de compassion que d'horreur, donna à ce mendiant choquant les deux florins qu'il avait reçus de l'honnête anabaptiste James. The spectre looked at him very earnestly, dropped a few tears, and fell upon his neck. Le spectre le regarda très sérieusement, laissa tomber quelques larmes et tomba sur son cou. Candide recoiled in disgust.

"Alas!" said one wretch to the other, "do you no longer know your dear Pangloss?" dit un misérable à l'autre, ne connaissez-vous plus votre cher Pangloss? "What do I hear? You, my dear master! you in this terrible plight! What misfortune has happened to you? Why are you no longer in the most magnificent of castles? What has become of Miss Cunegonde, the pearl of girls, and nature's masterpiece?" Qu'est devenue Miss Cunégonde, la perle des filles et le chef-d'œuvre de la nature? " "I am so weak that I cannot stand," said Pangloss. Upon which Candide carried him to the Anabaptist's stable, and gave him a crust of bread. Sur quoi Candide le porta à l'écurie de l'anabaptiste et lui donna une croûte de pain. As soon as Pangloss had refreshed himself a little:

"Well," said Candide, "Cunegonde? "[Pg 14] "She is dead," replied the other. Candide fainted at this word; his friend recalled his senses with a little bad vinegar which he found by chance in the stable. Candide s'évanouit à ce mot; son ami a rappelé ses sens avec un peu de mauvais vinaigre qu'il a trouvé par hasard dans l'étable. Candide reopened his eyes.

"Cunegonde is dead! Ah, best of worlds, where art thou? But of what illness did she die? Was it not for grief, upon seeing her father kick me out of his magnificent castle?" "No," said Pangloss, "she was ripped open by the Bulgarian soldiers, after having been violated by many; they broke the Baron's head for attempting to defend her; my lady, her mother, was cut in pieces; my poor pupil was served just in the same manner as his sister; and as for the castle, they have not left one stone upon another, not a barn, nor a sheep, nor a duck, nor a tree; but we have had our revenge, for the Abares have done the very same thing to a neighbouring barony, which belonged to a Bulgarian lord." - Non, dit Pangloss, elle a été déchirée par les soldats bulgares, après avoir été violée par beaucoup; ils ont cassé la tête du baron pour avoir tenté de la défendre; ma dame, sa mère, a été coupée en morceaux; mon pauvre élève était servi exactement de la même manière que sa sœur; et quant au château, ils n'ont pas laissé pierre sur pierre, ni grange, ni mouton, ni canard, ni arbre; mais nous avons eu notre revanche, car le Abares a fait la même chose à une baronnie voisine, qui appartenait à un seigneur bulgare. " At this discourse Candide fainted again; but coming to himself, and having said all that it became him to say, inquired into the cause and effect, as well as into the sufficient reason that had reduced Pangloss to so miserable a plight. A ce discours, Candide s'évanouit de nouveau; mais revenant à lui-même, et ayant dit tout ce qu'il lui fallait dire, s'enquit de la cause et de l'effet, ainsi que de la raison suffisante qui avait réduit Pangloss à une si misérable situation.

"Alas!" said the other, "it was love; love, the comfort of the human species, the preserver of the universe, the soul of all sensible beings, love, tender love. "[Pg 15] "Alas!" said Candide, "I know this love, that sovereign of hearts, that soul of our souls; yet it never cost me more than a kiss and twenty kicks on the backside. dit Candide, je connais cet amour, ce souverain des cœurs, cette âme de nos âmes, mais cela ne m'a jamais coûté plus qu'un baiser et vingt coups de pied dans le dos. How could this beautiful cause produce in you an effect so abominable?" Pangloss made answer in these terms: "Oh, my dear Candide, you remember Paquette, that pretty wench who waited on our noble Baroness; in her arms I tasted the delights of paradise, which produced in me those hell torments with which you see me devoured; she was infected with them, she is perhaps dead of them. Pangloss répondit en ces termes: «Oh, ma chère Candide, tu te souviens de Paquette, cette jolie fille qui attendait notre noble baronne; dans ses bras je goûtais les délices du paradis, qui produisaient en moi ces tourments d'enfer avec lesquels tu me vois dévoré, elle en a été contaminée, elle en est peut-être morte. This present Paquette received of a learned Grey Friar, who had traced it to its source; he had had it of an old countess, who had received it from a cavalry captain, who owed it to a marchioness, who took it from a page, who had received it from a Jesuit, who when a novice had it in a direct line from one of the companions of Christopher Columbus. Ce cadeau que Paquette reçut d'un savant frère gris, qui l'avait retracé jusqu'à sa source; il l'avait eu d'une vieille comtesse, qui l'avait reçu d'un capitaine de cavalerie, qui le devait à une marquise, qui le prenait à un page, qui l'avait reçu d'un jésuite, qui quand un novice l'avait en ligne directe d'un des compagnons de Christophe Colomb. [3] For my part I shall give it to nobody, I am dying." "Oh, Pangloss!" cried Candide, "what a strange genealogy! Is not the Devil the original stock of it?" Le diable n'en est-il pas le stock d'origine? " "Not at all," replied this great man, "it was a thing unavoidable, a necessary ingredient in the best of worlds; for if Columbus had not in an island of America caught this disease, which contaminates the source of life, frequently even[Pg 16] hinders generation, and which is evidently opposed to the great end of nature, we should have neither chocolate nor cochineal. «Pas du tout,» répondit ce grand homme, «c'était une chose inévitable, un ingrédient nécessaire dans le meilleur des mondes; car si Colomb n'avait pas dans une île d'Amérique attrapé cette maladie, qui contamine la source de la vie, souvent même [Pg 16] gêne la génération, et qui s'oppose évidemment à la grande fin de la nature, nous ne devrions avoir ni chocolat ni cochenille. We are also to observe that upon our continent, this distemper is like religious controversy, confined to a particular spot. Nous devons également observer que sur notre continent, cette maladie de Carré est comme une controverse religieuse, confinée à un endroit particulier. The Turks, the Indians, the Persians, the Chinese, the Siamese, the Japanese, know nothing of it; but there is a sufficient reason for believing that they will know it in their turn in a few centuries. In the meantime, it has made marvellous progress among us, especially in those great armies composed of honest well-disciplined hirelings, who decide the destiny of states; for we may safely affirm that when an army of thirty thousand men fights another of an equal number, there are about twenty thousand of them p-x-d on each side." Entre-temps, il a fait de merveilleux progrès parmi nous, surtout dans ces grandes armées composées de mercenaires honnêtes et disciplinés, qui décident du destin des États; car nous pouvons affirmer avec certitude que lorsqu'une armée de trente mille hommes en combat une autre d'un nombre égal, il y en a environ vingt mille de chaque côté. "Well, this is wonderful!" said Candide, "but you must get cured." "Alas! how can I?" said Pangloss, "I have not a farthing, my friend, and all over the globe there is no letting of blood or taking a glister, without paying, or somebody paying for you." dit Pangloss, "Je n'ai pas un sou, mon ami, et partout dans le monde, il n'y a pas de laisser couler de sang ou de prendre une lueur, sans payer, ou quelqu'un qui paie pour vous." These last words determined Candide; he went and flung himself at the feet of the charitable Anabaptist James, and gave him so touching a picture of the state to which his friend was reduced, that the good man did not scruple to take Dr. Pangloss into his house, and had[Pg 17] him cured at his expense. Ces derniers mots déterminèrent Candide; il alla se jeter aux pieds du charitable anabaptiste James, et lui donna une image si touchante de l'état dans lequel son ami était réduit, que le brave homme ne se fit pas scrupule d'emmener le docteur Pangloss chez lui, et eut [ Pg 17] l'a guéri à ses frais. In the cure Pangloss lost only an eye and an ear. He wrote well, and knew arithmetic perfectly. The Anabaptist James made him his bookkeeper. At the end of two months, being obliged to go to Lisbon about some mercantile affairs, he took the two philosophers with him in his ship. Au bout de deux mois, obligé de se rendre à Lisbonne pour des affaires mercantiles, il emmena les deux philosophes avec lui dans son bateau. Pangloss explained to him how everything was so constituted that it could not be better. James was not of this opinion.

"It is more likely," said he, "mankind have a little corrupted nature, for they were not born wolves, and they have become wolves; God has given them neither cannon of four-and-twenty pounders, nor bayonets; and yet they have made cannon and bayonets to destroy one another. «Il est plus probable, dit-il, que les hommes ont une nature un peu corrompue, car ils ne sont pas nés loups, et ils sont devenus des loups; Dieu ne leur a donné ni canon de vingt-quatre livres, ni baïonnettes; et pourtant ils ont fabriqué des canons et des baïonnettes pour se détruire. Into this account I might throw not only bankrupts, but Justice which seizes on the effects of bankrupts to cheat the creditors." Dans ce compte, je pourrais jeter non seulement des faillites, mais Justice qui saisit les effets des faillites pour tromper les créanciers. " "All this was indispensable," replied the one-eyed doctor, "for private misfortunes make the general good, so that the more private misfortunes there are the greater is the general good." «Tout cela était indispensable,» répondit le docteur borgne, «car les malheurs privés font le bien général, de sorte que plus il y a de malheurs privés, plus grand est le bien général. While he reasoned, the sky darkened, the winds blew from the four quarters, and the ship was assailed by a most terrible tempest within sight of the port of Lisbon. Pendant qu'il raisonnait, le ciel s'assombrissait, les vents soufflaient des quatre quarts, et le navire fut assailli par une tempête des plus terribles en vue du port de Lisbonne. [Pg 18]