Internet and Technology (3) 6 Minuten Englisch - Internet und Technologie Megaklasse! Eine Stunde neue... (3) Internet y Tecnología (3) Internet et technologie (3) Internet e tecnologia (3) インターネットとテクノロジー (3) Internet i technologia (3) Internet e tecnologia (3) Английский за 6 минут - Интернет и технологии мега-класс! Час нового... (3) İnternet ve Teknoloji (3) 6分钟英语-互联网与科技超级课堂！一小时的新... (3) 互联网与科技 (3) 6分鍾英語-互聯網與科技超級課堂！一小時新... (3) 互聯網與科技 (3)

mobile phones. If you are addicted to something,  you have a physical or mental need to keep on telefony komórkowe. Jeśli jesteś od czegoś uzależniony, masz fizyczną lub psychiczną potrzebę, aby dalej żyć telemóveis. Se é viciado em algo, tem uma necessidade física ou mental de continuar a fazê-lo 手机。如果你沉迷于某事，你有身体或精神上的需要继续下去

doing it. You can't stop doing it. You often hear  about people being addicted to drugs or alcohol, doing it. You can't stop doing it. You often hear about people being addicted to drugs or alcohol,

but you can be addicted to other things too,  like mobile phones. So, Catherine, do you

think you're addicted to your phone? How long  could you go without it? Catherine? Catherine! Acha que é viciado no seu telemóvel? Quanto tempo consegues passar sem ele? Catherine? Catherine!

Sorry, Rob, yes, well I think  if I went more than a minute, Przepraszam Rob, tak, myślę, że gdybym poszedł dłużej niż minutę,

I'd probably get sort of sweaty palms and  I think I'd start feeling a bit panicky. I'd probably get sort of sweaty palms and I think I'd start feeling a bit panicky. Prawdopodobnie dostałbym spocone dłonie i myślę, że zacząłbym się trochę panikować. У меня, наверное, вспотели бы ладони, и я бы начал испытывать легкую панику.

Oh dear! Well, if I can  distract you for a few minutes, やれやれ！まあ、数分間気を紛らわせることができれば、 O jej! Cóż, jeśli mogę odwrócić twoją uwagę na kilka minut,

can we look at this topic in more detail  please? Let's start with a quiz question

first though. In what year did the term  ‘smartphone' first appear in print? Was it: しかし、最初に。スマートフォン」という言葉が初めて活字になったのは何年？それは

a) 1995

b) 2000 c) 2005

What do you think?

OK, you've got my full attention  now, Rob, and I think it's 2000,

but actually can I just have a quick  look on my phone to check the answer?

No, no, that would be cheating – for  you – maybe not for the listeners.

Spoilsport. 甘え。

Right, Jean Twenge is a psychologist who  has written about the damage she feels

smartphones are doing to society. She has  written that smartphones have probably led

to an increase in mental health problems for  teenagers. We're going to hear from her now,

speaking to the BBC. What does she say is  one of the dangers of using our phones?

I think everybody's had that experience  of reading their news feed too much, ニュースフィードを読みすぎてしまった経験は誰にでもあると思う、

compulsively checking your phone if you're  waiting for a text or getting really into

social media then kind of, looking up  and realising that an hour has passed.

So what danger does she mention?

Well, she said that we can get so involved in  our phones that we don't notice the time passing

and when we finally look up, we  realise that maybe an hour has gone.

And I must say, I find that to be true for me,  especially when I'm watching videos online. They

pull you in with more and more videos and I've  spent ages just getting lost in video after video. 私は次から次へと出てくるビデオに夢中になり、時間を費やしてしまった。 затягивает вас все новыми и новыми видеороликами, и я целую вечность просто терялся в видеоролике за видеороликом.

Well that's not a problem if  you're looking at our YouTube site,

of course - there's lots to see there.

Yes, BBC Learning English, no problem.  You can watch as many as you like.

Well, she talks about checking our phones  compulsively. If you do something compulsively you

can't really control it - it's a feature of being  addicted to something, you feel you have to do it 何かにハマると、それをやらなければならないと思ってしまう。 não consegue realmente controlá-lo - é uma caraterística do vício, sente-se obrigado a fazê-lo

again and again. Some tech companies, though, are  now looking at building in timers to apps which 何度も何度も。しかし、一部のハイテク企業は現在、アプリにタイマーを組み込むことを検討している。

will warn us when we have spent too long on them.  Does Jean Twenge think this will be a good idea?

It might mean that people look  at social media less frequently

and that they do what it really should be used  for, which is to keep in touch with people but

then put it away and go see some of those  people in person or give them a phone call. тогда отложите его и встретьтесь с некоторыми из этих людей лично или позвоните им по телефону.

So, does she think it's a good idea?

Well, she doesn't say so directly, but we  can guess from her answer that she does,

because she says these timers will make people  spend more time in face-to-face interaction, というのも、彼女はこのタイマーが、人々が顔を合わせて交流する時間を増やすだろうと言うからだ、

which a lot of people think would be a good thing.

Yes, she said we should be using it for keeping in  touch with people - which means contacting people,

communicating with them and also encouraging  us to do that communication in person. If you

do something in person then you physically do it –  you go somewhere yourself or see someone yourself,

you don't do it online or through your smartphone,  which nicely brings us back to our quiz question. não o faz em linha ou através do seu smartphone, o que nos leva de volta à nossa pergunta do questionário. вы не делаете этого в Интернете или через смартфон, что приятно возвращает нас к вопросу викторины.

When was the term smartphone first used in print  - 1995, 2000 or 2005? What did you say, Catherine? Quando é que o termo smartphone foi utilizado pela primeira vez na imprensa escrita - 1995, 2000 ou 2005? O que é que disse, Catherine?

I think I said 2005, without  looking it up on my phone, Rob!

That's good to know, but maybe looking at your  phone would have helped because the answer was

1995\. But well done to anybody who did know that. Or well done to anyone who looked it up  on their phone and got the right answer.

Mmm, right, before logging off  let's review today's vocabulary.

OK, we had FOMO, an acronym that means 'Fear of  Missing Out'. Something that I get quite a lot.

And that makes you also a phubber - people  who ignore the real people around them

because they are concentrating on their phones.

Yes, I do think I'm probably  addicted to my phone. I have a

psychological and physical need to  have it. My smartphone is my drug.

Wow, and you look at it compulsively.  You can't stop looking at it,

you do it again and again, don't you?

It's sadly true, Rob. To  keep in touch with someone

is to contact them and share your news regularly.

And if you do that yourself  by actually meeting them,

then you are doing it in person. And that  brings us to the end of today's programme.

Don't forget you can find us on the usual  social media platforms – Facebook, Twitter, フェイスブックやツイッターなど、通常のソーシャルメディア・プラットフォームでも私たちを見つけられることをお忘れなく、

Instagram and YouTube - and on our website  at bbclearningenglish.com. Bye for now.

Bye!

Hello. This is 6 Minute English  from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.

And I'm Georgina.

Now, Georgina, what do you know about AC DC?

You mean the Australian rock'n'roll band?

Well, their 1979 hit ‘Highway to  Hell' stayed at No.1 for eleven weeks… 1979年のヒット曲「Highway to Hell」は11週間も1位をキープしたのだから...。

No, no, no - not that AC DC, Georgina!  I'm not talking rock music here,

I'm talking electrical currents  – alternating current - AC,

and direct current - DC, the two  ways in which electricity flows.

Oh, I see. No, I don't know  anything about that ACDC!

Well, don't worry because in  today's programme we'll be

finding out some quirky facts about  electricity - how it differs across 電気に関する風変わりな事実を発見する。

the world and why some countries have more  complicated electrical systems than others.

Hmmm, I have noticed that when I  travel to another country I need a

converter plug to connect my laptop.  Is that something to do with AC DC?

Yes, it could be. Of course, electricity  itself doesn't change from country to country. そうかもしれない。もちろん、電気そのものは国によって変わらない。

No. It's an invisible, natural force  at work in everything from lightning それは目に見えない自然の力であり、稲妻からあらゆるものに働いている。 Нет. Это невидимая природная сила, действующая во всем - от молнии

storms to the electrical sparks firing our brains. 私たちの脳を発火させる電気的スパークへの嵐。 tempestades para as faíscas eléctricas que disparam os nossos cérebros. бури до электрических искр, стреляющих в наш мозг.

But although it happens naturally, one scientist  was credited with discovering electricity. しかし、電気は自然に発生するものだが、ある科学者が電気を発見したとされている。 Mas apesar de acontecer naturalmente, um cientista foi considerado o descobridor da eletricidade. Но, хотя это происходит естественным образом, открытие электричества приписывается одному ученому.

Who? That's my quiz question – who  discovered electricity? Was it:

a) Thomas Edison

b) Alexander Graham Bell, or c) Benjamin Franklin

I'm not a qualified electrician myself,  Neil, but I'll say c) Benjamin Franklin. 私自身は電気技師の資格はないが、ニール。

OK. Well one person who definitely is a qualified  electrician is BBC presenter Gareth Mitchell. So わかった。間違いなく電気技師の資格を持っているのは、BBCの司会者ガレス・ミッチェルだ。だから

when BBC Radio 4's ‘Science Stories' sent  him to meet electricity expert Keith Bell, BBCラジオ4の『サイエンス・ストーリーズ』から派遣された彼は、電気の専門家キース・ベルに会った、

the conversation was, shall we say, sparky. 会話は、言うなればスパークしていた。 разговор был, скажем так, искрометным.

Standard frequency in the US is 60 hertz,  actually I think in the US on the mainland アメリカの標準周波数は60ヘルツだが、実際にはアメリカ本土では60ヘルツだと思う。 A frequência padrão nos EUA é de 60 hertz, na verdade, penso que nos EUA no continente

US, main continent, there are  three different synchronous areas.

So although it's around 60 hertz, at any moment in  time these three different areas, because they're

not connected to each other, will be going at a  slightly different frequency. There are bigger 互いに接続されていない場合、周波数はわずかに異なる。より大きな

differences elsewhere. So in Japan for example, I  think one of the main islands is at 60 hertz and 他の場所でも違いがある。例えば日本では、主要な島のひとつは60ヘルツで、もうひとつは60ヘルツだと思います。

the other half of Japan is at 50 hertz. That's a bit of a pickle! 日本の残りの半分は50ヘルツです。ちょっと困ったことだ！ другая половина Японии работает на частоте 50 герц. Это немного не то!

Generally speaking, frequency  means how often something repeats. 一般的に、頻度とは何かが繰り返される頻度を意味する。

In the case of electrical currents, frequency is

the number of times an electrical wave  repeats a positive-to-negative cycle. 電気波が正負のサイクルを繰り返す回数。

It's measured in hertz (Hz). In the US power is  at 60 hertz and in the UK it's around 50 hertz. 単位はヘルツ（Hz）。米国では60ヘルツ、英国では50ヘルツ前後である。

So the US and UK are not in the same synchronous つまり、米国と英国は同じ同期的な関係にない。 Таким образом, США и Великобритания не находятся в одной синхронной

area – not occurring together at the same  time and rate, or in this case, frequency. エリア - 同じ時間、同じ割合、この場合は頻度で一緒に発生していない。 área - não ocorrem em conjunto ao mesmo tempo e à mesma velocidade ou, neste caso, frequência.

Which means that to safely use a  British electrical device in America,

I need to convert the power supply. If not  it won't work or even worse, it could break. 電源を変換する必要がある。そうしないと動かないし、最悪壊れるかもしれない。

And a broken laptop could leave you  in a bit of a pickle – an informal また、壊れたノートパソコンがあなたを窮地に陥れることもある。

expression meaning a difficult situation with no

obvious answer. Here's Gareth and Keith  again talking about more differences. 明白な答えここでガレスとキースが再び、さらなる違いについて話している。

I'm pretty sure when I go to the United States,  my electric toothbrush doesn't charge up

at 60 hertz - 110 volts, but my laptop  still works. Maybe you have no comment, しかし、私のノートパソコンはまだ動く。たぶん、コメントはないだろう、

Keith, but I'm just saying…one of these  anomalies that I seem to have found. キース、でも僕が言いたいのは......僕が見つけたと思われる異常のひとつなんだ。

So, I'm not sure about the electric toothbrush  but I know a lot of our power supplies for Não tenho a certeza quanto à escova de dentes eléctrica, mas sei que muitas das nossas fontes de alimentação para

laptops and stuff are solid state, you know  - they've got electronics in that do all the ノートパソコンなどはソリッドステートだ。

conversion for you, so basically it ends up with  a DC supply into the machine itself. So there's そのため、基本的にはマシン本体への直流供給で終わります。つまり преобразования, так что в конечном счете все заканчивается подачей постоянного тока в саму машину. Таким образом

a little converter in there and it's designed so  it doesn't care what frequency the AC input is.

Gareth noticed that in the United  States his toothbrush doesn't always

fully charge up – get the  power needed to make it work. полностью зарядить - получить энергию, необходимую для работы.

Electric toothbrushes which don't fully charge  and differences between electrical frequencies

are good examples of anomalies – things which  are different from what is usual or expected.

But with modern technology these  anomalies are becoming less and less しかし、現代のテクノロジーによって、こうした異常はますます少なくなっている。

commonplace. For example, computer  companies have started making laptops with 当たり前のことだ。例えば、コンピューター会社は、ノートパソコンに

solid state electronics – electronics using  semiconductors which have no moving parts ソリッド・ステート・エレクトロニクス - 半導体を使用した、可動部のないエレクトロニクス

and can automatically convert  different electrical currents.

Meaning I can use my laptop to google  the answer to your quiz question!

Ah, yes. I asked you which scientist was credited  with discovering electricity. And you said?

c) Benjamin Franklin – and I already know  I'm right because I googled it on my solid в) Бенджамин Франклин - и я уже знаю, что прав, потому что нагуглил его на своем солиде.

state laptop! To show that lightning was  electricity, Franklin attached a metal key 州のノートパソコン雷が電気であることを示すために、フランクリンは金属製の鍵を取り付けた。 государственный ноутбук! Чтобы показать, что молния - это электричество, Франклин прикрепил к ней металлический ключ.

to a kite and flew it during a thunderstorm. The  key conducted electricity and gave him a shock! を凧につけて雷雨のときに飛ばした。鍵は電気を通し、彼にショックを与えた！ к воздушному змею и запустил его во время грозы. Ключ провел электричество и ударил его током!

Hmm, not an experiment I recommend trying  at home! Today we've been talking about

anomalies – or unexpected differences in  electrical currents between countries. アノマリー、つまり国によって電流に予期せぬ違いがあること。

Electrical currents are measured in  frequencies – the number of times 電流は周波数で測定される。

a wave repeats a positive-to-negative cycle.  These can be different if two countries are

not synchronous – occurring at the same rate,  for example Britain and the United States. 同期的ではない-たとえばイギリスとアメリカは同じ速度で起こっている。

Different frequencies may mean your  electrical devices like your laptop,

phone and toothbrush won't properly charge up –  get the power to function, in other countries.

And having a phone with no power could leave you  in a bit of a pickle - a difficult situation. そして、電源のない携帯電話を持っていると、ちょっとした窮地に立たされることになりかねない。 E ter um telemóvel sem energia pode deixá-lo numa situação difícil.

Fortunately many modern devices use  solid state electronics – non-moving

semiconductors inside the machine which  automatically convert the electrical current. 機械内部の半導体が自動的に電流を変換する。

So you'll never miss another  edition of 6 Minute English again!

That's all for today. See you soon at BBC Learning

English for more interesting topics  and related vocabulary. Bye for now!

Bye!

Hello I'm Rob and this is 6 Minute  English – a programme that brings you

an interesting topic, authentic listening practice

and some vocabulary to help you improve your  language skills. Joining me today is Neil. и немного лексики, которая поможет вам улучшить свои языковые навыки. Сегодня ко мне присоединился Нил.

Hello. And today we're discussing those pilotless こんにちは。今日はパイロットレスの

aircraft that we seem to be hearing  and reading a lot about at the moment. 今、私たちがよく耳にしたり読んだりしている航空機。

You mean drones. And yes, they are in the  news quite often for good and bad reasons.

They've been used for many things from smuggling  drugs, detecting water leaks and surveillance.

And surveillance – that means ‘the  act of carefully watching someone or

something' – perhaps a criminal – but also  it means spying, maybe on me and you Rob? 何か』--おそらく犯罪者だろうが、スパイという意味もある。 что-то" - возможно, преступник, - но также это означает шпионаж, возможно, за мной и тобой, Роб?

So should we be welcoming the  rise of the use of drones? では、私たちはドローンの使用を歓迎すべきなのだろうか？ Devemos então congratular-nos com o aumento da utilização de drones?

Well, before our discussion  about that 'takes off', まあ、それについての議論が "離陸 "する前にね、

we need to set today's question  for you to answer, Neil.

What are you droning on about Rob? And by  that I don't mean ‘flying a drone' – I mean ロブ、何をブツブツ言っているんだ？ドローンを飛ばすという意味ではないんだ。 O que é que estás a dizer, Rob? E com isso não quero dizer "pilotar um drone" - quero dizer

‘talking too much in a very boring way'! とても退屈な話し方をしすぎる」！

Thanks Neil. Now just answer this, will you?

Drones are sometimes also referred to as  UAVs. So, what does UAV stand for? Is it… Por vezes, os drones são também designados por UAV. Mas o que é que significa UAV? Será que...

a) Unidentified aerial vehicle

b) Unmanned aerial vehicle c) Unaided aircraft vehicle