防 封锁 利器 ?全面 解读 RCEP (区域 伙伴 协议 )| What does RCEP Mean for China ?[EngSub]
prevent|blockade|weapon|comprehensive|interpretation|RCEP|regional|partner|agreement|什么|做|RCEP|意思|为|中国|
Was bedeutet das RCEP für China?
Outil anti-embargo ? | Le RCEP, un outil anti-embargo - Que signifie le RCEP pour la Chine ?
防封锁利器? 全面解读RCEP (区域伙伴协议) | What does RCEP Mean for China? [Eng Sub]
Anti-blockade weapon? A comprehensive interpretation of RCEP (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership) | What does RCEP Mean for China? [Eng Sub]
欢迎 进入 一个 带 你 解读 世界 的 频道 。
welcome|enter|one|take|you|interpret|world|attributive marker|channel
Welcome to a channel that takes you to interpret the world.
看到 评论 区 不少 人 想 听 如何 解读 区域 伙伴 协议 ,
see|comment|area|many|people|want|hear|how|interpret|regional|partner|agreement
I see that many people in the comments section want to hear how to interpret the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership,
今天 这期 就 简单 讲讲 。
today|this episode|just|simply|talk about
so today I will briefly talk about it.
这个 频道 主要 以 科普 的 方式 说出 我 对 事情 的 理解 ,
this|channel|mainly|in|popular science|attributive marker|way|express|I|towards|things|attributive marker|understanding
This channel mainly expresses my understanding of things in a popular science way,
希望 提供 一个 分析 问题 的 角度 。我 尽量 平和 中肯 ,
hope|provide|one|analysis|problem|attributive marker|perspective|I|as much as possible|calm|impartial
and I hope to provide a perspective for analyzing problems. I try to be calm and fair,
但 也 会 有 三观 冲突 者 觉得 刺耳 ,
but|also|will|have|worldview|conflict|person|feel|harsh
but there may also be those with conflicting views who find it harsh,
完全 可以 随时 关闭 。
completely|can|anytime|close
and you can always turn it off at any time.
这种 话题 必然 离不开 经济 和 政治 两 方面 ,
this|topic|inevitably|cannot be separated from|economy|and|politics|two|aspects
This topic inevitably involves both economic and political aspects,
这 也 是 我们 今天 的 重点 。
this|also|is|we|today|attributive marker|focus
which is also our focus today.
我们 先 来 简单 回顾 下 历史 。
we|first|come|simple|review|briefly|history
Let's first briefly review the history.
区域 伙伴 协议 最早 由 东盟 于 2011 年 发起 ,
region|partner|agreement|earliest|by|ASEAN|in|year 2011|initiated
The regional partnership agreement was first initiated by ASEAN in 2011,
后来 发展 到 十六 国 长 达 数年 的 贸易 谈判 ,
later|develop|to|sixteen|countries|long|reach|several years|attributive marker|trade|negotiations
Later, it developed into trade negotiations among sixteen countries lasting several years,
希望 可以 做 一些 整合 。
hope|can|do|some|integration
hoping to achieve some integration.
后来 印度 退出 ,
later|India|withdrew
Later, India withdrew,
变成 十五 国 。
become|fifteen|country
becoming fifteen countries.
该 协议 旨在 通过 削减 关税 及 “非关税 ”壁垒 ,
this|agreement|aims to|through|reduce|tariffs|and|non-tariff|barriers
The agreement aims to establish a relatively unified free trade market by reducing tariffs and 'non-tariff' barriers.
建立 一个 较为 统一 的 自由贸易 市场 。
establish|a|relatively|unified|attributive marker|free trade|market
The official statement is that the agreement does not make any disruptive changes to existing rules.
官方 说法 是 ,
official|statement|is
The official statement is,
该 协议 没有 对 已有 规则 进行 颠覆性 改变 ,
this|agreement|not|to|existing|rules|make|disruptive|changes
the agreement does not make any disruptive changes to existing rules.
而是 充分 尊重 现有 的 规则 体系 ,
but rather|fully|respect|existing|attributive marker|rules|system
but rather fully respect the existing rule system,
以 东盟 为 中心 ,
using|ASEAN|as|center
with ASEAN as the center,
整合 多重 双边 自贸 协议 。
integrate|multiple|bilateral|free trade|agreement
integrating multiple bilateral free trade agreements.
该 协议 之 区域 涵盖 全球 30% 的 人口 ,
this|agreement|attributive marker|area|covers|global|attributive marker|population
The regional coverage of this agreement encompasses 30% of the global population,
其 经济 规模 占 全球 经济 比重 高达 28% ,
its|economic|scale|accounts for|global|economy|proportion|as high as
Its economic scale accounts for as much as 28% of the global economy,
大约 为 25 万亿 美元 ,
approximately|is|trillion|dollars
approximately 25 trillion dollars,
略 高于 北美 三国 自贸区 的 24 万亿 。
slightly|higher than|North America|three countries|free trade zone|attributive marker|24 trillion
slightly higher than the 24 trillion of the North American Free Trade Agreement.
对比 跨 太平洋 伙伴 协议 ,
compare|across|Pacific Ocean|partner|agreement
In comparison to the Trans-Pacific Partnership,
如果 未来 美国 重返 该 协议 ,
if|future|United States|return to|the|agreement
If the United States returns to the agreement in the future,
那么 其 经济 规模 会 在 32 万亿 ,
so|its|economic|scale|will|at|trillion
its economic scale will be 32 trillion,
会 高出 区域 伙伴 协议 。
will|higher than|area|partner|agreement
which will exceed the regional partner agreement.
下面 我们 就 重点 来 分析 几个 看点 。
below|we|just|key point|to|analyze|several|highlights
Next, we will focus on analyzing several key points.
第一 ,其实 这 十五个 国家 绝大部分 之间
first|actually|this|fifteen|countries|the vast majority|between
First, in fact, most of these fifteen countries already have bilateral free trade agreements,
都 已经 有 双边 自贸 协议 ,
all|already|have|bilateral|free trade|agreement
so theoretically speaking,
所以 理论 上 说 ,
so|theory|on|say
the impact on the total economic volume of the members in the "medium to short term" is not significant,
“中短期 ”对 成员 经济总量 促进 并不大 ,
medium and short term|to|member|economic total|promote|not significant
"Short-term and medium-term" does not greatly promote the total economic volume of member countries
官方 预测 5 年 后 的 经济总量 会 多 增长 1% 。
official|predict|5 years|later|attributive marker|total economy|will|more|grow
Official predictions indicate that the total economic output will increase by 1% in five years.
这点 很多 分析 都 已经 指出 。
this point|many|analyses|all|already|pointed out
Many analyses have already pointed this out.
长期 的话 在 经济 上 应该 是 利 大于 弊 ,
long-term|if we say|in|economy|on|should|be|benefits|greater than|drawbacks
In the long term, the economic benefits should outweigh the drawbacks,
至于 利 有 多少 要 看 一体化 的 程度 。
as for|benefit|have|how much|need|to look at|integration|attributive marker|degree
but the extent of the benefits depends on the level of integration.
另一方面 ,
on the other hand
On the other hand,
了解 国际 经济 的 都 会 知道 ,
understand|international|economy|attributive marker|all|will|know
those who understand the international economy will know,
有时候 充分 自由贸易 未必 是 一件 好事 ,
sometimes|fully|free trade|not necessarily|is|one|good thing
that sometimes, full free trade may not be a good thing,
因为 它 会 带来 分配性 冲击 ,
because|it|will|bring|distributive|impact
because it can lead to distributional shocks,
这 需要 国内 政策 有 很 强 的 “财富 再 分配 ”能力 。
this|need|domestic|policy|have|very|strong|attributive marker|wealth|again|distribution|capability
This requires domestic policies to have a strong ability for "wealth redistribution."
美国 广大 工薪阶层 吃 的 就是 全球化 的 亏 ,
United States|vast|working class|suffer|attributive marker|is exactly|globalization|attributive marker|loss
The vast working class in the United States is suffering from the losses of globalization,
这点 欧盟 就 做 得 不错 。
this point|European Union|just|do|degree marker|well
which the European Union has managed quite well.
我们 后面 也 会 讲 。
we|later|also|will|talk
We will discuss this later.
官方 的 说法 是 用 该 协议 来 对冲 跨 太平洋 伙伴 协议 。
official|attributive marker|statement|is|use|this|agreement|to|hedge|cross|Pacific|partner|agreement
The official statement is to use this agreement to hedge against the Trans-Pacific Partnership.
比如 越南 马来 在 跨 太平洋 协议 里 ,
for example|Vietnam|Malaysia|in|across|Pacific Ocean|agreement|inside
For example, Vietnam and Malaysia in the Trans-Pacific Agreement,
他们 出口 北美 就 有 优势 ,
they|export|North America|then|have|advantage
they have advantages in exporting to North America,
就 会 虹吸 中国 的 订单 。
just|will|siphon|China|attributive marker|orders
which will siphon off orders from China.
也 就是 中国 想 通过 扩大 市场
also|that is|China|want|through|expand|market
China wants to compensate for the losses from supply chain and trade shifts by expanding the market.
来 弥补 供应链 和 贸易 转移 的 损失 。
to come|to make up for|supply chain|and|trade|shift|attributive marker|loss
So, where are multilateral agreements better than bilateral agreements?
那么 多边 协议 比 双边 协议 好 在 哪里 呢 ?
then|multilateral|agreement|than|bilateral|agreement|better|in|where|emphasis marker
In simple terms,
简单 说 ,
simple|say
To put it simply
多边 协议 对比 双边 协议 的 好处 在于 原产地 认定 。
multilateral|agreement|comparison|bilateral|agreement|attributive marker|benefit|lies in|origin|determination
The benefits of multilateral agreements compared to bilateral agreements lie in the determination of origin.
比如 双边 协议 规定 加工 过程
for example|bilateral|agreement|stipulate|processing|process
For example, bilateral agreements stipulate that the processing must take place,
包括 材料 必须 都 在 对方 一国 ,
include|materials|must|all|in|other party|one country
including that all materials must be in one party's country,
才 可以 免 关税 ,
only|can|exempt|tariffs
in order to be exempt from tariffs.
而 多边 协议 则 可以 分散 在 协议 内 多国 。
but|multilateral|agreement|then|can|disperse|in|agreement|within|multiple countries
Multilateral agreements can distribute multiple countries within the agreement.
不过 这样 也 会 带来 供应链 放心 出走 寻找 成本 洼地 ,
however|this way|also|will|bring|supply chain|peace of mind|leave|seek|cost|lowland
However, this will also lead to supply chains seeking to leave in search of cost advantages.
这 对 防止 产业链 外移 显然 不利 。
this|to|prevent|industrial chain|relocation|obviously|disadvantageous
This is clearly detrimental to preventing the outflow of the industrial chain.
例如 如果 电子 纺织 等 供应链 放心 转移 到 东南亚 ,
for example|if|electronics|textiles|etc|supply chain|rest assured|transfer|to|Southeast Asia
For example, if the supply chains of electronics and textiles transfer to Southeast Asia,
自然 会 伤害 就业 和 出口 。
natural|will|harm|employment|and|exports
Nature will harm employment and exports.
第二 ,这个 协议 相对 于 跨 太平洋 伙伴 协议
second|this|agreement|||across|Pacific Ocean|partner|agreement
Second, this agreement is relatively looser compared to the Trans-Pacific Partnership.
是 一个 比较 松散 的 架构 ,
is|a|relatively|loose|attributive marker|structure
It is a relatively loose framework,
比如 允许 成员国 免除 某些 货物 的 关税 削减 ,
for example|allow|member countries|exempt|certain|goods|attributive marker|tariffs|reduction
for example, allowing member countries to exempt certain goods from tariff reductions.
以 保护 当地 有 需要 的 行业 。
in order to|protect|local|have|need|attributive marker|industry
To protect local industries in need.
区域 内 的 很多 国家 都 是 有名 的 贸易 保护国 ,
region|inside|attributive marker|many|countries|all|are|famous|attributive marker|trade|protectionist countries
Many countries in the region are known as trade protectionist countries,
在 国际 上 名声 一直 不好 。
at|international|on|reputation|always|bad
and have had a bad reputation internationally.
这 包括 中国 日本 和 东南亚 的 一系列 国家 。
this|includes|China|Japan|and|Southeast Asia|attributive marker|a series of|countries
This includes China, Japan, and a series of countries in Southeast Asia.
圈内 可以 说 是 鱼龙混杂 ,
within the circle|can|say|is|a mix of good and bad
The industry can be said to be a mix of fish and dragons,
有 发达国家 也 有 非常 落后 国家 。
there are|developed countries|also|there are|very|underdeveloped|countries
with developed countries as well as very underdeveloped countries.
哈佛大学 著名 的 经济学家 罗 德克 当时 就 发 推 说 ,
Harvard University|famous|attributive marker|economist|||at that time|emphasis marker|send|tweet|said
The famous economist from Harvard, Rodrik, tweeted at the time,
这个 协议 根本 谈不上 自由 贸易 协议 ,
this|agreement|fundamentally|cannot be called|free|trade|agreement
that this agreement cannot be considered a free trade agreement.
大意 是 离 真正 的 自由贸易 标准 还 差得 很 远 。
main idea|is|from|true|attributive marker|free trade|standard|still|fall short|very|far
The general idea is that we are still far from the true standards of free trade.
此外 ,
in addition
In addition,
中国 对 该 协议 的 其他 国家 的 贸易逆差 达到 1400 亿美元 ,
China's trade deficit with other countries under this agreement has reached 140 billion dollars,
相 比较 中国 每年 对 美 顺差 高达 4000 亿 美元 。
compare|relatively|China|every year|to|US|trade surplus|as high as|billion|US dollars
while China's annual surplus with the United States is as high as 400 billion dollars.
该 协议 中 的 韩日 澳 对华 都 是 大量 顺差 ,
this|agreement|in|attributive marker|South Korea and Japan|Australia|towards China|all|are|large amount|trade surplus
The Korea-Japan-Australia in this agreement all have large surpluses with China,
这 也 是 他们 在 当前 国际 环境 下 并 没 抵触 签署 的 原因 。
this|also|is|they|in|current|international|environment|under|and|not|conflict|sign|attributive marker|reason
which is also the reason why they did not hesitate to sign under the current international environment.
在 美国 没 行动 之前 ,
in|America|before|action|before
Before the United States takes action,
有钱 赚 当然 最好 。
have money|earn|of course|best
it's obviously best to make money.
所以 总的来说 ,
so|overall
So overall,
在 经济 层面 ,
at|economic|level
on the economic level,
无论 是 防止 产业链 出走 ,
no matter|is|prevent|industrial chain|move away
whether it is to prevent the industrial chain from moving out,
还是 中短期 扩大 市场 ,
still|medium to short term|expand|market
or to expand the market in the short to medium term,
还是 对 其他 国家 的 千亿 逆差 ,
still|towards|other|countries|attributive marker|hundred billion|trade deficit
There is still a hundred billion deficit with other countries,
对 中国 都 没有 很大 的 利好 。
to|China|all|not have|very big|attributive marker|benefits
which does not bring much benefit to China.
那么 中国 为什么 还要 签署 这个 协议 呢 ?
so|China|why|still want to|sign|this|agreement|emphasis marker
So why does China still want to sign this agreement?
中国 看中 的 是 地缘 政治 层面 ,
China|value|attributive marker|is|geopolitical|political|aspect
What China values is the geopolitical aspect,
我们 后面 会 讲 。
we|later|will|talk
We will talk about it later.
第三 ,我们 来 看看 这个 协议 的 水平 。
third|we|come|take a look|this|agreement|attributive marker|level
Third, let's take a look at the level of this agreement.
其实 这点 并 不 难 分析 。
actually|this point|not|difficult|difficult|analyze
In fact, this point is not difficult to analyze.
站 在 中国 政府 的 角度 举 几个 例子 。
stand|at|China|government|attributive marker|perspective|give|several|examples
From the perspective of the Chinese government, let me give a few examples.
中国 对 国外 金融公司 不会 有 大幅 的 放开 ,
China|towards|foreign|financial companies|will not|have|significantly|attributive marker|open up
China will not significantly open up to foreign financial companies,
货币 管制 也 不 可能 放松 ,
currency|control|also|not|possible|relax
and currency controls are unlikely to be relaxed,
尤其 在 金融风险 始终 存在 的 当下 。
especially|in|financial risk|always|exist|attributive marker|present time
especially in the current situation where financial risks are always present.
而 你 在 北美 自贸区 从 加拿大
but|you|in|North America|free trade zone|from|Canada
And you are in the North American Free Trade Area from Canada.
汇 几十万 到 美国 则 不会 是 问题 。
transfer|hundreds of thousands|to|America|then|will not|be|problem
Transferring hundreds of thousands to the United States will not be a problem.
中国 的 互联网 新闻 媒体 出版 等 服务 行业 也 很 难 放开 ,
China|attributive marker|internet|news|media|publishing|etc|service|industry|also|very|difficult|loosen
China's internet news media publishing and other service industries are also very difficult to open up.
不少 国家 对 中国 的 通信 产品 也 不 放心 。
quite a few|countries|towards|China|attributive marker|communication|products|also|not|trust
Many countries are also not confident in China's communication products.
农产品 准入 和 食品安全 等 方面 都 是 难 啃 的 骨头 。
agricultural products|access|and|food safety|etc|aspects|all|are|difficult|to tackle|attributive marker|tough problem
Issues like agricultural product access and food safety are tough nuts to crack.
日 澳 等 国 对 中资 的 收购 和 投资 都 有 严格 审查 。
Japan|Australia|etc|country|towards|Chinese-funded|attributive marker|acquisition|and|investment|all|have|strict|scrutiny
Countries like Japan and Australia have strict reviews on acquisitions and investments by Chinese capital.
此外 该 协议 也 没谈 劳工 和 环境保护 等等 。
in addition|this|agreement|also|did not discuss|labor|and|environmental protection|etc
In addition, the agreement did not address labor and environmental protection, etc.
这些年来 中国 的 血汗 工厂 和 环保 刚有 好转 ,
Over the years, China's sweatshops and environmental protection have just started to improve,
如果 让 缅甸 柬埔寨 老挝 等 低 人权 低 环保 给 拖累 ,
if|let|Myanmar|Cambodia|Laos|etc|low|human rights|low|environmental protection|to|drag down
if countries like Myanmar, Cambodia, and Laos with low human rights and low environmental standards are allowed to drag us down,
会 导致 本 已 弱势 的 中国 劳工 又 面临 不 公平 竞争 。
will|cause|already|already|disadvantaged|attributive marker|China|workers|again|face|unfair|fair|competition
It will lead to Chinese workers, who are already in a weak position, facing unfair competition.
这些 方面 你 都 得 考虑 。
these|aspects|you|all|must|consider
You have to consider these aspects.
当然 未来 都 有 可 提升 的 空间 。
of course|future|all|have|can|improve|attributive marker|space
Of course, there is always room for improvement in the future.
第四 ,作为 区域 重要 的 邻国 ,
fourth|as|regional|important|attributive marker|neighboring country
Fourth, as an important neighboring country in the region,
为什么 印度 巴基斯坦 不 加入 这个 协议 ?
why|India|Pakistan|not|join|this|agreement
Why don't India and Pakistan join this agreement?
巴基斯坦 就 不用 多 说 ,
Pakistan|just|no need to|much|say
There's no need to say much about Pakistan,
自己 本身 没 什么 出口 能力 ,
oneself|itself|not|any|export|ability
it doesn't have much export capacity itself,
在 最近 这些 年 ,
at|recent|these|years
in recent years,
巴基斯坦 对华 出口 反而 不断 减少 。
Pakistan|to China|exports|instead|continuously|decrease
Pakistan's exports to China have been continuously decreasing.
至于 印度 主要 有 三点 原因 。
as for|India|mainly|have|three points|reasons
As for India, there are mainly three reasons.
第一 ,
first
First,
印度 擅长 的 服务业 在 这个 较 低水平 的 协议 里 很 难 满足 。
India|excel in|attributive marker|service industry|in|this|relatively|low level|attributive marker|agreement|in|very|difficult|meet
the service industry, which India excels at, finds it difficult to meet the requirements of this relatively low-level agreement.
第二 ,印度 已经 实施 了 若干年 的 分阶段 制造 计划 ,
second|India|already|implement|past tense marker|several years|attributive marker|phased|manufacturing|plan
Second, India has implemented a phased manufacturing plan for several years,
也 就是 分批 给 不同 的 商品 征收 关税 ,
also|that is|in batches|to|different|attributive marker|goods|impose|tariffs
which means imposing tariffs on different goods in batches,
以 逼迫 厂商 来 印度 设厂 。
in order to|force|manufacturers|to|India|set up factories
to force manufacturers to set up factories in India.
这 也 是 当年 中国 的 策略 。
this|also|is|back then|China|attributive marker|strategy
This was also China's strategy back in the day.
近几年 这个 策略 初见 成效 ,
in recent years|this|strategy|initially see|effectiveness
In recent years, this strategy has begun to show results.
印度 也 因此 成为 世界 第二 大 智能手机 生产国 。
India|also|therefore|become|world|second|largest|smartphone|manufacturing country
India has thus become the world's second-largest smartphone producer.
而 加入 协议 则 意味着 放弃 这个 计划 ,
but|join|agreement|then|means|give up|this|plan
Joining the agreement would mean giving up this plan,
印度 显然 不乐意 看到 。
India|obviously|unwilling|see
which India is clearly unwilling to see.
第三 ,
third
Third,
印度 经过 边境 纠纷 后 感受 到 来自 东北方 的 威胁 值 飙升 ,
India|after|border|dispute|after|feel|to|from|northeast|attributive marker|threat|value|surge
India has felt a surge in threat levels from the northeast after border disputes,
代表 动作 就是 下架 了 上 百个 应用 ,
represent|action|just|remove|past tense marker|over|hundreds of|applications
and the representative action is the removal of hundreds of applications,
封杀 华为 抖音 。
ban|Huawei|TikTok
banning Huawei and TikTok.
而 印度 真正 想 的 是 对接 欧美 日 的 市场 ,
but|India|truly|want|attributive marker|is|connect|Europe and America|Japan|attributive marker|market
What India really wants is to connect with the markets of Europe, America, and Japan,
也 就是 出口 欧美 。
also|that is|export|Europe and America
which means exporting to Europe and America.
要 知道 印度 自己 的 产品
want|to know|India|own|attributive marker|products
It should be noted that India's own products
在 制造业 扎堆 的 东亚 东南亚 根本 没有 优势 ,
in|manufacturing industry|clustered|attributive marker|East Asia|Southeast Asia|fundamentally|have no|advantage
have no advantage in the manufacturing-heavy East Asia and Southeast Asia.
但 对 欧美 日则 可以 互补 。
but|to|Europe and America|Japan|can|complement each other
But for Europe, America, and Japan, they can complement each other.
假 以 时日 ,
if|given|time
Given time,
印度 也 希望 抢占 中国 出口 欧美 的 份额 。
India|also|hope|seize|China|export|Europe and America|attributive marker|share
India also hopes to seize a share of China's exports to Europe and America.
第五 点 比较 重要 ,
fifth|point|relatively|important
The fifth point is relatively important,
即 该 协议 对于 中国 经济 的 影响 。
that|this|agreement|regarding|China|economy|attributive marker|impact
The impact of this agreement on the Chinese economy.
中国 当前 的 经济 主要 问题 在 哪 ?
China|current|attributive marker|economy|main|problem|at|where
What are the main economic issues currently facing China?
我 在 内 卷化 和 地方 财政 的视频 里 也 讲 了 很多 。
I|in|internal|involution|and|local|finance|video|in|also|talk|past tense marker|a lot
I have also discussed a lot in my videos on internal competition and local finance.
第一个 经济 问题 是 消费 。
the first|economic|problem|is|consumption
The first economic issue is consumption.
内卷化 的 视频 里 对 消费 有 详细 的 分析 。
involution|attributive marker|video|in|regarding|consumption|has|detailed|attributive marker|analysis
The video on involution provides a detailed analysis of consumption.
在 投资 出口 政府 开支 全部 放缓 的 同时 ,
at|investment|export|government|spending|all|slow down|attributive marker|at the same time
At the same time, investment, exports, and government spending are all slowing down,
消费 比重 如此 之 低 也 是 内 卷化 和 经济 难以 提振 的 主因 。
consumption|proportion|so|of|low|also|is|internal|involution|and|economy|difficult to|boost|attributive marker|main reason
the low proportion of consumption is also a main reason for the difficulty in boosting involution and the economy.
第二个 经济 问题 是 财政 。
second|economic|problem|is|fiscal
The second economic issue is finance.
财政 包括 财政赤字 和 债务 。
finance|include|fiscal deficit|and|debt
Finance includes fiscal deficits and debt.
2019 年 的 各省 财政 几乎 都 是 赤字 ,
year|attributive marker|each province|finance|almost|all|is|deficit
In 2019, almost all provinces had fiscal deficits.
2020 年 因为 疫情 更加 恶化 。
year|because|epidemic|more|worsen
In 2020, the situation worsened due to the pandemic.
最新 数据 显示 中国 的 总 债务 已经 达到 经济总量 的 320% 。
latest|data|show|China|attributive marker|total|debt|already|reach|economic output|attributive marker
The latest data shows that China's total debt has reached 320% of its economic output.
更为 严重 的 是 ,
even more|serious|attributive marker|is
What is more serious is that,
从 明年 开始 ,
from|next year|start
starting next year,
每年 三千万 的 六零 人口 开始 加入 退休 大军 ,
every year|thirty million|attributive marker|60s|population|start|join|retirement|army
thirty million people from the 1960s will begin to join the retirement army every year,
这种 情况 将 持续 十年 。
this|situation|will|last|ten years
and this situation will last for ten years.
(直到 七十年代 “计划生育 ”为止 )
until|1970s|family planning|up to
(Until the 1970s, 'family planning' was implemented)
这 将 严重 拖累 财政 。
this|will|seriously|burden|finances
This will seriously burden the finances.
要 知道 今年 新 出生 人口 也 才 1000 万 出头 ,
want|to know|this year|new|born|population|also|only|ten thousand|just over
It should be noted that this year's new birth population is just over 10 million,
而 六十年代 总人口 五亿 ,
but|1960s|total population|500 million
while the total population in the 1960s was 500 million,
每年 就 有 3000 万 。
every year|just|have|30 million
Every year, there are 30 million.
第三个 经济 问题 是 贫富 结构 。
third|economic|problem|is|wealth disparity|structure
The third economic issue is the wealth structure.
这里 要 再次 申明 ,
here|need|once again|state
Here, I want to reiterate,
贫富 结构 和 贫富差距 不能 划等号 ,
rich and poor|structure|and|wealth gap|cannot|equate
the wealth structure and the wealth gap cannot be equated.
不是 简单 的 最高 收入 和 最低 收入 的 差距 ,
not|simple|attributive marker|highest|income|and|lowest|income|attributive marker|gap
It is not simply the gap between the highest and lowest incomes,
而是 中间 庞大 的 群体 处在 什么 位置 。
but rather|in the middle|huge|attributive marker|group|is located at|what|position
but rather the position of the large middle group.
这张 著名 的 图钉 结构 正是 直接 导致 消费 比重 过低 、
this|famous|attributive marker|pushpin|structure|exactly|directly|cause|consumption|proportion|too low
This famous pin structure is precisely what directly leads to the excessively low proportion of consumption,
经济 放缓 的 罪魁祸首 。
economy|slowdown|attributive marker|culprit
and is the culprit behind the economic slowdown.
这 归根到底 是 财富 再 分配 的 政策 不 代表 民意 所致 。
this|ultimately|is|wealth|again|distribution|attributive marker|policy|not|represent|public opinion|caused by
This is ultimately a policy of wealth redistribution, not a reflection of public opinion.
政策 制定 层 立法 层 都 是 体制 内 精英 ,
policy|formulation|level|legislative|level|all|are|system|within|elite
The policy-making and legislative levels are all elites within the system,
并 无 中低层 或 代表 九亿 劳工 的 左派 声音 。
and|no|middle and low level|or|represent|nine hundred million|workers|attributive marker|leftist|voice
and there are no voices from the lower and middle classes or from the left representing the nine hundred million workers.
此外 ,中国 的 税收 并 不 低 ,
in addition|China|attributive marker|tax revenue|and|not|low
In addition, China's tax revenue is not low,
尤其 是 对 企业 而言 。
especially|is|for|enterprises|speaking
Especially for enterprises.
然而 财政收入 却 年复一年 过多 的 用 在 基建 等 项目 ,
however|fiscal revenue|but|year after year|excessively|attributive marker|used|on|infrastructure|etc|projects
However, fiscal revenue has been excessively used year after year on infrastructure and other projects,
过少 的 用 在 社会保障 如 教育 医疗 养老 等 再 分配 项目 。
too little|attributive marker|use|in|social security|such as|education|medical care|pension|etc|again|redistribution|programs
and too little has been allocated to social security redistribution projects such as education, healthcare, and pensions.
这 也 解释 了 为什么 欧美 大街小巷 普遍 老旧 ,
this|also|explain|past tense marker|why|Europe and America|streets and alleys|generally|old and worn
This also explains why streets and alleys in Europe and America are generally old.
而 中国 大江南北 光鲜亮丽 。
but|China|across the land|glamorous and beautiful
And China is bright and beautiful from north to south.
中国 工资 被 人为 压低 以及 房价 的 绑架 ,
China|salary|by|artificially|suppressed|and|housing prices|attributive marker|hijacked
Wages in China are artificially suppressed and hijacked by housing prices,
也 导致 了 贫富 结构 再次 恶化 。
also|caused|past tense marker|wealth and poverty|structure|again|deteriorate
which has also led to a further deterioration of the wealth gap.
而 东南亚 有 不少 的 制造业 后发 国家 ,
but|Southeast Asia|have|many|attributive marker|manufacturing industry|late-developing|countries
And there are quite a few late-developing manufacturing countries in Southeast Asia,
如 越南 泰国 马来 印尼 等 ,
such as|Vietnam|Thailand|Malaysia|Indonesia|etc
Such as Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, etc.,
人口 七亿 。
population|seven hundred million
with a population of seven hundred million.
从 贸易 理论 角度 来说 ,
from|trade|theory|perspective|speaking
From the perspective of trade theory,
该 协议 会 刺激 大量 “中低端 ”的 制造业 流出 ,
this|agreement|will|stimulate|large amount|mid-low end|attributive marker|manufacturing industry|flow out
the agreement will stimulate a large outflow of 'mid-to-low-end' manufacturing.
就 如同 当年 欧美 制造业 流入 中国 一样 。
just|like|back then|Europe and America|manufacturing industry|flow into|China|the same
Just like how the manufacturing industry flowed into China back in the day.
长期 会 如同 欧美 一样 出现 “中低端 ”制造业 空心化 ,
long-term|will|like|Europe and America|the same|appear|mid-low end|manufacturing industry|hollowing out
In the long term, there will be a 'hollowing out' of the 'mid-to-low-end' manufacturing industry, similar to what happened in Europe and the United States.
导致 大量 工人 失业 ,
lead to|large number of|workers|unemployment
This will lead to a large number of workers becoming unemployed.
对 解决 贫富差距 并 不是 好事 。
regarding|solve|wealth gap|and|is not|good thing
This is not a good thing for solving the wealth gap.
中国 当前 确实 是 想 保住 “中低端 ”制造业 岗位 ,
China|currently|indeed|is|want|to keep|mid-low end|manufacturing industry|jobs
China is indeed trying to preserve its 'mid-to-low-end' manufacturing jobs,
但 为了 地缘 政治 也 只好 做点 牺牲 。
but|for the sake of|geopolitical|politics|also|have to|make some|sacrifices
but for the sake of geopolitical reasons, some sacrifices have to be made.
长期 下去 ,
long-term|continue
In the long run,
周边 国家 对华 的 经济 捆绑 也 会 加深 ,
surrounding|countries|towards China|attributive marker|economic|binding|also|will|deepen
the economic ties of neighboring countries with China will also deepen,
这 对 中国 的 地缘 政治 显然 有 好处 ,
this|to|China|attributive marker|geopolitical|politics|obviously|has|benefits
This is obviously beneficial for China's geopolitical situation,
对 政权 的 稳定 也 有 好处 。
to|regime|attributive marker|stability|also|have|benefits
and it is also good for the stability of the regime.
最后 我们 来 谈谈 地缘 政治 或者 国际 局势 ,
finally|we|come|talk about|geopolitical|politics|or|international|situation
Finally, let's talk about geopolitics or the international situation,
很多 人 想 听 这个 方面 的 分析 。
many|people|want|to hear|this|aspect|attributive marker|analysis
as many people want to hear analysis on this aspect.
刚刚 我们 说 过 ,
just now|we|say|past tense marker
Just now, we mentioned,
其实 这个 协议 的 政治 象征意义 比 经济 大得多 。
actually|this|agreement|attributive marker|political|symbolic significance|than|economic|much greater
in fact, the political symbolic significance of this agreement is much greater than the economic one.
自从 贸易战 和 疫情 爆发 以来 ,
since|trade war|and|pandemic|outbreak|since
Since the outbreak of the trade war and the pandemic,
中国 最 担心 的 就是 贸易 被 孤立 。
China|most|worried|attributive marker|is|trade|by|isolated
what China fears the most is being isolated in trade.
疫情 期间 很多 国家 都 提出 了 要 重组 供应链 。
pandemic|period|many|countries|all|propose|past tense marker|need to|restructure|supply chain
During the pandemic, many countries proposed to restructure their supply chains.
所以 这个 行为 实质 上 是 中国 做 的 一个 抢占 性 ,
So this action is essentially a proactive measure taken by China,
或者说 是 预防性 的 措施 。
or say|is|preventive|attributive marker|measures
or we can say it is a preventive measure.
澳大利亚 日本 签完 几天 后 就 签署 了 双边 防卫 协议 ,
Australia|Japan|after signing|a few days|later|then|signed|past tense marker|bilateral|defense|agreement
A few days after signing, Australia and Japan signed a bilateral defense agreement.
这 体现 了 周边 国家 虽然 不 排斥 经济 合作 ,
this|reflects|past tense marker|surrounding|countries|although|not|reject|economic|cooperation
This reflects that neighboring countries, although not rejecting economic cooperation,
但 依然 比较 提防 。
but|still|relatively|guard against
are still relatively cautious.
尤其 是 在 安全 领域 他们 和 中国 几乎 没有 任何 交集 。
especially|is|in|security|field|they|and|China|almost|have no|any|intersection
Especially in the security field, they have almost no interaction with China.
提防 心 始终 存在 ,
guard against|heart|always|exist
The sense of caution always exists,
这 是 该 协议 很 难 发展 成 北美 或 欧盟 自贸区 的 最大 原因 。
this|is|this|agreement|very|difficult|develop|into|North America|or|European Union|free trade zone|attributive marker|biggest|reason
This is the main reason why it is difficult for this agreement to develop into a free trade area in North America or the European Union.
有 朋友 留言 问 这类 问题 该 如何 解决 ?
have|friend|leave a message|ask|this kind of|question|should|how|solve
Some friends have left messages asking how to solve such problems?
其实 我们 以前 就 说 过 ,
actually|we|before|already|say|past tense marker
In fact, we have mentioned this before,
无论 是 中国 这次 的 预防 行为 ,
no matter|is|China|this time|attributive marker|prevention|behavior
regardless of China's preventive actions this time,
还是 周边 国家 的 提防 心态 ,
still|surrounding|countries|attributive marker|guard against|mentality
Still the vigilance mentality of neighboring countries,
还是 欧美 是否 遏制 ,
still|Europe and America|whether|curb
Still whether the West and the U.S. will contain,
完全 取决于 前 一期 讲过 的 威胁 值 或者 信任 值 ,
completely|depends on|previous|issue|discussed|attributive marker|threat|value|or|trust|value
Completely depends on the threat value or trust value mentioned in the previous session,
而 信任 值 的 构建 很大 程度 上 是 价值体系 的 构建 ,
but|trust|value|attributive marker|construction|to a large extent|degree|on|is|value system|attributive marker|construction
And the construction of trust value is largely based on the construction of value systems,
这 是 结构性 的 矛盾 。
this|is|structural|attributive marker|contradiction
This is a structural contradiction.
从 理论 的 角度 说 ,
from|theory|attributive marker|perspective|speak
From a theoretical perspective,
习 在 全国 奉行 的 政治 高压 政策 ,
Xi|at|nationwide|implement|attributive marker|political|high-pressure|policy
the political repression policy implemented by Xi nationwide,
都 在 不断 的 构建 别人 对 当下 中国 形象 的 认知 。
all|at|continuously|attributive marker|build|others|towards|current|China|image|attributive marker|cognition
is constantly shaping others' perception of the current image of China.
美国 也 一样 ,
America|also|the same
The United States is the same,
这些 年 美国 过度 用武 、两极分化 和 这次 大选 的 闹剧 ,
these|years|America|excessively|use force|polarization|and|this|election|attributive marker|farce
In recent years, the U.S. has excessively used military force, experienced polarization, and witnessed the farce of this election,
即使 还有 自由 法治 民主 这些 元素 撑 着 ,
even if|still have|freedom|rule of law|democracy|these|elements|support|ongoing action marker
Even though there are still elements of freedom, rule of law, and democracy supporting it,
其 形象 也 离 所谓 灯塔 日行 渐远 。
its|image|also|away from|so-called|lighthouse|daily|gradually far away
its image is gradually drifting away from the so-called beacon.
这 就 好比 你 的 邻居 变得 常常 家暴 ,
this|just|like|your|attributive marker|neighbor|become|often|domestic violence
This is like your neighbor frequently becoming abusive.
就 会 重构 你 对 邻居 的 认知 。
just|will|reconstruct|your|towards|neighbor|attributive marker|perception
It will reconstruct your perception of your neighbor.
这 也 是 国际 关系 三大 理论 之一 的 构建 主义 的 精髓 。
this|also|is|international|relations|three major|theories|one of|attributive marker|constructivism|theory|attributive marker|essence
This is also the essence of constructivism, one of the three major theories of international relations.
我们 假设 习 没有 废除 连任 限制 没有 重回 一言堂 ,
we|assume|Xi|did not|abolish|re-election|limit|did not|return to|one-man rule
We assume that Xi did not abolish the term limit and did not return to a one-man rule.
没有 变本加厉 的 加强 审查 和 高压 政治 。
no|escalate|attributive marker|strengthen|scrutiny|and|high-pressure|politics
There is no intensified scrutiny and high-pressure politics.
相反 他 鼓励 中国 社会 更加 公平 更加 法治 更加 开放 ,
on the contrary|he|encourages|China|society|more|fairness|more|rule of law|more|openness
On the contrary, he encourages Chinese society to be more equitable, more rule-of-law, and more open.
官员 人大代表 议事 问政 电视直播 ,
official|NPC representative|discuss affairs|question the government|television live broadcast
Officials and representatives of the National People's Congress discuss issues and politics on live television.
习 和 各 官员 带头 上 微博 与 民 沟通 ,
Xi|and|various|officials|take the lead|on|Weibo|with|the public|communicate
Xi and various officials take the lead in communicating with the public on Weibo.
让 政府 运行 更 透明 。
let|government|operate|more|transparent
Make the government operate more transparently.
根本 都 不用 去 搞 什么 西式 民主 。
fundamentally|at all|need not|to|engage in|any|Western-style|democracy
There is no need to pursue any Western-style democracy.
周边 国家 就 会 重构 对 你 的 认知 ,
surrounding|country|then|will|reconstruct|towards|you|attributive marker|cognition
Neighboring countries will reconstruct their perception of you,
信任 值 就 会 飙升 ,
trust|value|then|will|soar
and trust levels will soar.
也 就 不 需要 对 你 提防 。
also|then|not|need|towards|you|guard against
Then there is no need to be wary of you.
未来 区域 内 一体化 成 北美 甚至 欧盟 的 程度 都 不 成 问题 。
future|region|within|integration|become|North America|even|European Union|attributive marker|level|all|not|become|problem
The degree of integration within the future region will not be a problem, even reaching that of North America or the European Union.
其实 就算 欧美 很多 人 全面 转 鹰 ,
actually|even if|Europe and America|many|people|fully|turn|hawk
In fact, even if many people in Europe and America fully turn hawkish,
仍 有 少部分 人 想着 延续 当年 的 拥抱 熊猫 政策 。
still|have|a small number of|people|thinking about|continue|those years|attributive marker|embrace|panda|policy
there are still a small number of people thinking about continuing the panda-hugging policy of the past.
我们 再 来 说 说 未来 几年 的 中美关系 。
we|again|come|talk|say|future|few years|attributive marker|China-US relations
Let's talk about China-U.S. relations in the coming years.
以 现在 欧美 对 习 的 信任度 ,
based on|now|Europe and America|towards|Xi|attributive marker|trust level
Given the current level of trust in Xi from Europe and the U.S.,
拜登 最后 上台 另组 贸易 圈子 也 是 大 概率 事件 ,
Biden|finally|take office|form another|trade|circle|also|is|high|probability|event
it is highly likely that Biden will eventually take office and form another trade circle,
何况 还有 这个 协议 的 刺激 。
let alone|there is still|this|agreement|attributive marker|stimulus
not to mention the stimulus from this agreement.
拜登 最近 已经 收回 上台 就 取消 关税 的 承诺 ,
Biden|recently|already|retract|take office|then|cancel|tariffs|attributive marker|promise
Biden has recently withdrawn his promise to cancel tariffs upon taking office,
也 提名 了 一名 华裔 贸易 鹰派 作为 贸易 代表 。
also|nominated|past tense marker|one|Chinese descent|trade|hawk|as|trade|representative
and has also nominated a Chinese-American trade hawk as the trade representative.
最近 参议员 卢比 奥 已经 放出 话 警告 ,
recently|senator|||already|released|words|warned
Recently, Senator Rubio has issued a warning,
不能 再 像 过去 那样 对 中国 做 无差别 的 自由贸易 ,
cannot|anymore|like|past|that way|towards|China|do|indiscriminate|attributive marker|free trade
that we can no longer engage in indiscriminate free trade with China as in the past,
而 参议院 掌握 拜登 内阁 的 人事 任免 和 任何 协议 的 否决权 。
but|Senate|control|Biden|cabinet|attributive marker|personnel|appointments and dismissals|and|any|agreement|attributive marker|veto power
The Senate holds the power to approve or reject appointments to Biden's cabinet and any agreements.
另外 我 在 欧盟 那期 讲 过 ,
additionally|I|at|European Union|that issue|talk|before
Additionally, I mentioned this in the EU episode,
德国 于 两年 前 开始 称 中国 为 体制性 竞争对手 。
Germany|at|two years|ago|began|to call|China|as|systemic|competitor
Germany began referring to China as a systemic competitor two years ago.
近期 欧盟 也 受到 这个 协议 的 刺激 ,
recently|European Union|also|received|this|agreement|attributive marker|stimulus
Recently, the EU has also been stimulated by this agreement,
呼吁 加速 区域 一体化 。
call|accelerate|regional|integration
Call for accelerating regional integration.
出于 美日 印澳 战略 的 考量 ,
out of|US-Japan|India-Australia|strategic|attributive marker|consideration
Due to the strategic considerations of the US, Japan, India, and Australia,
印度 可能 也 会 被 拉进 圈子 。
India|possibly|also|will|be|pulled into|circle
India may also be drawn into the circle.
印度 也 是 求之不得 。
India|also|is|hard to obtain
India is also a sought-after partner.
所以 如果 出现 欧美 印 的 超大 自贸区 ,
so|if|appear|Europe and America|India|attributive marker|super large|free trade zone
So if a super large free trade zone appears in Europe and America,
就 会 重现 两大 阵营 平行 的 局面 。
just|will|reappear|two major|camps|parallel|attributive marker|situation
it will recreate a situation of two major camps in parallel.
两种 价值 或 制度 的 竞争 在 短期 很 难 改变 。
two kinds|value|or|system|attributive marker|competition|in|short term|very|difficult|change
The competition between the two types of values or systems is difficult to change in the short term.
总的来说 ,
generally speaking
Overall,
区域 伙伴 协议 在 中长期 有利于 经济 和 中国 的 地缘政治 ,
region|partner|agreement|in|medium to long term|is beneficial to|economy|and|China|attributive marker|geopolitics
Regional partnership agreements are beneficial for the economy and China's geopolitical situation in the medium to long term,
但 取决于 深化 程度 、
but|depends on|deepen|degree
but depend on the degree of deepening,
国内 分配 政策 和 中国 自身 信任 值 。
domestic|distribution|policy|and|China|itself|trust|value
domestic distribution policies, and China's own trust value.
未来 大 概率 会 重现 两种 政治 文明 的 对抗 。
future|big|probability|will|reappear|two kinds|political|civilization|attributive marker|confrontation
In the future, it is highly likely that the confrontation between the two political civilizations will reoccur.
以上 就是 关于 区域 合作伙伴 协议 的 讨论 ,
above|just|about|regional|partnership|agreement|attributive marker|discussion
The above is the discussion about the regional partnership agreement.
欢迎 大家 点赞 订阅 ,谢谢 大家 。
welcome|everyone|like|subscribe|thank you|everyone
Everyone is welcome to like and subscribe, thank you all.
ai_request(all=333 err=0.00%) translation(all=266 err=0.75%) cwt(all=2021 err=1.93%)
en:AsVK4RNK
openai.2025-02-07
SENT_CWT:AsVK4RNK=5.38 PAR_TRANS:gpt-4o-mini=4.02