كتاب (٢) : موجز تاريخ كل شيء تقريبا book|concise|history|all|thing|almost Livre 2 : Une brève histoire de presque tout Book (2): A Brief History of Almost Everything

لو افترضنا أن الكرة الأرضية بحجم حبة البازلاء if|we assumed|that|ball|earth|the size of|grain|pea If we assume that the Earth is the size of a pea

فكوكب المشتري سيكون على بعد ٣٠٠ متر من كوكب الأرض so planet|Jupiter|it will be|at|distance|meters|from|planet|Earth then Jupiter would be 300 meters away from Earth

أما كوكب بلوتو فسيكون على بعد 2.5 كيلو متر as for|planet|Pluto|it will be|at|distance|kilometers| while Pluto would be 2.5 kilometers away

بهذا الأسلوب البسيط يشرح بيل برايسون كل أنواع العلوم in this|style|simple|he explains|Bill|Bryson|all|types|sciences In this simple way, Bill Bryson explains all kinds of sciences.

في كتاب اليوم in|book|today In today's book,

A short history of nearly everything a|short|history|of|nearly|everything A Short History of Nearly Everything,

كتاب اليوم للكاتب الامريكي بيل برايسون book|today|by the author|American|Bill|Bryson the book today is by the American author Bill Bryson.

صدر في عام ٢٠٠٣ it was published|in|year Published in 2003

وتم ترجمته بإسم : موجز تاريخ كل شيء تقريبا and it was|translated|under the name|summary|history|of everything|thing|almost And translated under the title: A Short History of Nearly Everything

مع الكتاب علمي ، لكن الغريب أن الكاتب ليس عالم وليس له علاقة بكل أنواع العلوم with|the book|scientific|but|strange|that|the author|is not|a scientist|and not|he has|relation|with all|types|sciences The book is scientific, but strangely the author is not a scientist and has no connection to any type of science

برايسون مجرد رحالة ويكتب عادة عن رحلاته Bryson|just|a traveler|and he writes|usually|about|his travels Bryson is just a traveler and usually writes about his journeys

لكن ما الذي جعله يكتب واحد من أنجح الكتب العلمية but|what|that|made him|to write|one|of|most successful|books|scientific But what made him write one of the most successful scientific books?

القصة بإختصار أنه عندما كان في الصف الرابع أعطته المدرسة كتاب العلوم the story|in short|that|when|he was|in|grade|fourth|she gave him|school|book|science The story in short is that when he was in the fourth grade, the school gave him a science book.

وكان مرسوم على غلاف الكتاب صورة للكرة الأرضية توضح طبقات الأرض من السطح وصولا للنواة النارية and it was|drawn|on|cover|book|picture|of the globe|earth|showing|layers|earth|from|surface|down to|to the core|fiery The cover of the book had a picture of the Earth showing the layers of the Earth from the surface down to the molten core.

هذه الصورة أثارت فضوله وطرحت مليون سؤال في رأسه this|picture|sparked|his curiosity|and raised|million|question|in|his head This picture sparked his curiosity and raised a million questions in his mind.

فعاد سريعا لمنزله ودخل غرفته ليفتح الكتاب ويجد الأجوبة على جميع هذه الأسئلة he returned|quickly|to his home|and he entered|his room|to open|the book|and he finds|the answers|to|all|these|questions He quickly returned home and entered his room to open the book and find the answers to all these questions.

لكنه صدم أن الكتاب ممل ولم يجب على أي من اسئلته but he|was shocked|that|the book|boring|and not|it answered|to|any|of|his questions But he was shocked that the book was boring and did not answer any of his questions.

ومع تقدم برايسون في المدرسة اكتشف أن كل الصفوف كتبها مملة وليس فقط كتاب الصف الرابع and with|progress|Bryson|in|school|he discovered|that|all|classes|he wrote them|boring|and not|only|book|grade|fourth As Bryson progressed in school, he discovered that all the classes had boring books, not just the fourth-grade book.

لذلك نفر برايسون من العلوم وفقد اهتمامه فيه واقتنع أن العوم مملة ويستحيل فهمها therefore|he shunned|Bryson|from|sciences|and he lost|his interest|in it|and he convinced himself|that|sciences|boring|and it is impossible|to understand them Therefore, Bryson turned away from science and lost interest in it, convinced that science was boring and impossible to understand.

لكن بعد أربعين عام من الرحلات التي كتب مجموعة كتب عنها but|after|forty|years|of|journeys|that|he wrote|a collection|books|about them But after forty years of journeys that he wrote a series of books about

عادت له نفس الأسئلة returned|to him|the same|questions the same questions returned to him

لكن هذه المرة قرر أن يواجه خوفه ويتعلم ويثبت لنفسه but|this|time|he decided|to|to face|his fear|and to learn|and to prove|to himself But this time he decided to face his fear, learn, and prove to himself

أن العلوم ليست بهذا التعقيد الذي يظنه الجميع that|sciences|are not|this|complexity|that|he thinks|everyone that science is not as complicated as everyone thinks.

وبالفعل ظل برايسون لمدة ٣ سنوات يقرأ ويبحث ويقابل علماء في كل المجالات ويسأل ويستفسر and indeed|he remained|Bryson|for|years|he reads|and he researches|and he meets|scientists|in|all|fields|and he asks|and he inquires Indeed, Bryson spent 3 years reading, researching, meeting scientists in all fields, asking and inquiring.

لغاية أن استطاع فعلا أن يثور على جميع الكتب التقليدية until|that|he was able|really|to|he revolted|against|all|books|traditional Until he was able to truly rebel against all traditional books.

وأن يكتب هذا الكتاب الأكثر من رائع والذي قدم فيه معلومات منوعة and to|he writes|this|book|most|than|wonderful|which|he presented|in it|information|diverse And to write this more than wonderful book in which he presented diverse information.

غطت مجالات علمية كثيرة ، وبتسلسل زمني واقعي للمعلومات it covered|fields|scientific|many|and with a chronological|temporal|realistic|for the information Covering many scientific fields, with a realistic chronological sequence of information.

المعلومات التي غطاها الكتاب تبدأ من الإنفجار العظيم لنشأة الكون the information|that|it covered|the book|it starts|from|the explosion|great|for the origin of|universe The information covered by the book starts from the Big Bang and the creation of the universe.

ونشوء المجرات وظهور الحياة and the emergence of|galaxies||life And the formation of galaxies and the emergence of life.

وتطورها مرحلة بمرحلة and its evolution|stage|by stage And its evolution stage by stage.

وغطى أيضا علوما كثيرا منها الفيزياء والجيولوجيا and it covered|also|sciences|many|including|physics|and geology It also covered many sciences including physics and geology.

وعلم الأحياء وعلم الأحافير والكيمياء وعلوم أخرى كثيرة and the science|biology|and the science|paleontology|and chemistry|and sciences|other|many Biology, paleontology, chemistry, and many other sciences.

طبعا كل هذا السرد بدون معادلات وبدون أي تعقيد أو صعوبة of course|all|this|narration|without|equations|and without|any|complexity|or|difficulty Of course, all this narration is without equations and without any complexity or difficulty.

وحاول كذلك أن تكون المعلومات المقدمة ليست مجرد سرد للمعلومات مثل الموسوعات and he tried|also|to|to be|the information|presented|not|just|narration|of information|like|encyclopedias Also, try to ensure that the information presented is not just a listing of facts like encyclopedias.

وإنما كان يشرح كيف اكتشفها العلماء وكيف استفدنا منها وبماذا ستفيدنا بالمستقبل but rather|it was|he explains|how|they discovered it|the scientists|and how|we benefited|from it|and how|it will benefit us|in the future Rather, it should explain how scientists discovered them, how we benefited from them, and how they will benefit us in the future.

الجميل أيضا في هذا الكتاب أن اسلوبه ممتع وكوميدي the beautiful|also|in|this|book|that|his style|enjoyable|and comedic The beautiful thing about this book is that its style is enjoyable and comedic.

أي أنه وأثناء شرحه عن الثقوب السوداء أو الألواح التكتونية مثلا that is|that|and during|his explanation|about|the holes|black|or|the plates|tectonic|for example That is, while explaining black holes or tectonic plates, for example,

وخلال ذلك يضع نكات عن كاميرون دياز and during|that|he puts|jokes|about|Cameron|Diaz he includes jokes about Cameron Diaz.

في النهاية أود التذكير أن برايسون استطاع فعلا تبسيط العلوم لغير المختصين in|the end|I would like|to remind|that|Bryson|he was able|really|to simplify|sciences|for non|specialists In the end, I would like to remind you that Bryson has indeed managed to simplify science for non-specialists.

وهذه على فكرة مهمة ليست سهلة نهائيا and this|on|idea|important|not|easy|at all And this, by the way, is an important task that is not easy at all.

فحتى ستيفين هوكنغ عندما حاول في كتابه المشهور : تاريخ موجز للزمن so even|Stephen|Hawking|when|he tried|in|his book|famous|history|brief|of time Even Stephen Hawking, when he tried in his famous book: A Brief History of Time,

A brief history of time a|brief|history|of|time A brief history of time

لم يستطع تبسيط العلوم بالشكل المطلوب not|he was able to|to simplify|sciences|in the way|required could not simplify the sciences as required.

ربما لأن ستيفن عالم ، بينما برايسون ليس عالم perhaps|because|Stephen|scientist|while|Bryson|not|scientist Perhaps because Stephen is a scientist, while Bryson is not a scientist.

فهذا ما جعل برايسون يفكر بنفس طريقتنا ويطرح اسئلة مثل اسئلتنا so this|that|made|Bryson|he thinks|in the same|way as ours|and he asks|questions|like|our questions This is what made Bryson think in the same way we do and ask questions like our questions.

هذا الكتاب كنز ..وسينفض الغبار عن عقولنا وسينشطها مرة أخرى this|book|treasure|and it will dust off|the dust|from|our minds|and it will activate them|once|again This book is a treasure... it will dust off our minds and invigorate them again.

وسنعود لطرح نفس الأسئلة التي كنا نطرحها عندما كنا صغارا and we will return|to ask|the same|questions|that|we were|asking|when|we were|young And we will return to asking the same questions we used to ask when we were young.

أتمنى من كل من قرأ الكتاب أن يشاركنا رأيه بالتعليقات I hope|from|everyone|who|read|the book|to|share with us|his opinion|in the comments I hope that everyone who read the book shares their opinion with us in the comments.

بالنهاية أود تذكيركم أن الكتاب رائع جدا ومفيد وانصحكم بقراءته in the end|I would like|to remind you|that|the book|wonderful|very|and useful|and I recommend you|to read it In the end, I would like to remind you that the book is very wonderful and useful, and I recommend you read it.