Η Μάχη των Γαυγαμήλων a|batalha|de|Gaugamela the|battle|of the|Gaugamela Die Schlacht der Gaugamäle La batalla de los Gaugamels The Battle of Gaugamela A Batalha de Gaugamela

Είναι Σεπτέμβριος του έτους 331 π.Χ., τρία χρόνια έχουν περάσει από την έναρξη é|setembro|do|ano|||três|anos|têm|passado|desde|o|início it is|September|of the|year|||three|years|they have|passed|since|the|beginning It is September of the year 331 BC, three years have passed since the beginning É setembro do ano 331 a.C., três anos se passaram desde o início

της εκστρατείας του Μεγάλου Αλεξάνδρου κατά της Περσικής Αυτοκρατορίας. da|campanha|de|Grande|Alexandre|contra|do|Persa|Império of the|campaign|of the|Great|Alexander|against|of the|Persian|Empire of Alexander the Great's campaign against the Persian Empire. da campanha de Alexandre, o Grande, contra o Império Persa.

Μετά την πολιορκία της Τύρου και την κατάληψη της Φοινίκης και της Αιγύπτου, depois|o|cerco|da|Tiro|e|a|conquista|da|Fenícia|e|da|Egito after|the|siege|of the|Tyre|and|the|capture|of the|Phoenicia|and|of the|Egypt After the siege of Tyre and the capture of Phoenicia and Egypt, Após o cerco de Tiro e a conquista da Fenícia e do Egito,

ο Αλέξανδρος πορεύεται ανατολικά, προς την ενδοχώρα της Περσικής Αυτοκρατορίας. o|Alexandre|está marchando|para o leste|em direção a|a|interior|da|Persa|Império the|Alexander|is marching|eastward|towards|the|inland|of the|Persian|Empire Alexander is marching east, towards the interior of the Persian Empire. Alexandre avança para o leste, em direção ao interior do Império Persa.

Καθώς τα στρατεύματά του επρόκειτο να διασχίσουν τον ποταμό Τίγρη, enquanto|os|exércitos|dele|estava prestes|a|atravessar|o|rio|Tigre as|the|armies|his|were about|to|cross|the|river|Tigris As his troops were about to cross the Tigris River, Enquanto suas tropas estavam prestes a cruzar o rio Tigre,

ο Πέρσης Βασιλιάς Δαρείος είχε συγκεντρώσει έναν τεράστιο στρατό o|persa|rei|Dario|tinha|reunido|um|enorme|exército the|Persian|King|Darius|had|gathered|a|huge|army the Persian King Darius had gathered a huge army o rei persa Dario havia reunido um enorme exército

και προετοιμαζόταν για μια αποφασιστική σύγκρουση με τους Μακεδόνες. e|estava se preparando|para|uma|decisiva|confronto|com|os|macedônios and|was preparing|for|a|decisive|confrontation|with|the|Macedonians and was preparing for a decisive confrontation with the Macedonians. e se preparava para um confronto decisivo com os macedônios.

Και οι δύο στρατοί τελικά συναντήθηκαν στο μεγάλο ανοικτό πεδίο κοντά στο χωριό Γαυγάμηλα e|os|dois|exércitos|finalmente|se encontraram|no|grande|aberto|campo|perto|da|vila|Gavgamila and|the|two|armies|finally|met|in the|large|open|field|near|to the|village|Gavgamila And both armies eventually met in the large open field near the village of Gaugamela. E os dois exércitos finalmente se encontraram no grande campo aberto perto da aldeia de Gaugamela.

σε μια σύγκρουση ανάμεσα σε δύο από τις μεγαλύτερες δυνάμεις της αρχαιότητας. em|uma|conflito|entre|em|duas|das|as|maiores|forças|da|antiguidade in|a|conflict|between|in|two|of|the|largest|powers|of the|antiquity in a clash between two of the greatest powers of antiquity. em um conflito entre duas das maiores potências da antiguidade.

Καλώς ήρθατε στο κανάλι Alpha Ωmega. bem|vocês chegaram|ao|canal|Alpha|Ômega well|you have come|to the|channel|Alpha|Omega Welcome to the Alpha Omega channel. Bem-vindo ao canal Alpha Ômega.

Σε αυτό το βίντεο θα μιλήσουμε για τη μάχη των Γαυγαμήλων. neste|este|o|vídeo|(partícula de futuro)|falaremos|sobre|a|batalha|de|Gavgamila in|this|the|video|will|we will talk|about|the|battle|of the|Gavgamila In this video, we will talk about the Battle of Gaugamela. Neste vídeo, falaremos sobre a batalha de Gaugamela.

Αν επισκέπτεσθε για πρώτη φορά το κανάλι μας μην ξεχάσετε να κάνετε Εγγραφή se|vocês visitam|para|primeira|vez|o|canal|nosso|não|esqueçam|de|fazer|inscrição if|you visit|for|first|time|the|channel|our|not|you forget|to|you make|subscription If you are visiting our channel for the first time, don't forget to subscribe. Se você está visitando nosso canal pela primeira vez, não se esqueça de se inscrever.

και να πατήσετε στο εικονίδιο με το κουδούνι για να ειδοποιήστε κάθε φορά που ανεβάζουμε νέο βίντεο. e|de|clicar|no|ícone|com|o|sino|para|de|serem notificados|toda|vez|que|postamos|novo|vídeo and|to|you press|on the|icon|with|the|bell|to|to|you be notified|every|time|that|we upload|new|video And click on the bell icon to be notified every time we upload a new video. E clique no ícone do sino para ser notificado sempre que carregarmos um novo vídeo.

Τι λέτε πάμε να ξεκινήσουμε; o que|vocês dizem|vamos|de|começar what|you say|let's go|to|we start What do you say, shall we get started? O que você acha, vamos começar?

Ο Αλέξανδρος αναχώρησε από την Τύρο το καλοκαίρι του 331 π.Χ. o|Alexandre|partiu|de|a|Tiro|o|verão|de|| the|Alexander|he departed|from|the|Tyre|the|summer|of|| Alexander departed from Tyre in the summer of 331 BC. Alexandre partiu de Tiro no verão de 331 a.C.

επικεφαλής 40.000 πεζών και 7000 ιππέων με προορισμό την Θάψακο, πόλη της Συρίας επί του Ευφράτη. comandante|soldados de infantaria|e|soldados de cavalaria|com|destino|a|Thapsacus|cidade|da|Síria|à|do|Eufrates leader|infantry|and|cavalry|with|destination|the|Thapsacus|city|of|Syria|on|the|Euphrates leading 40,000 infantry and 7,000 cavalry heading to Thapsacus, a city in Syria on the Euphrates. comandando 40.000 infantaria e 7.000 cavaleiros com destino a Thapsacus, uma cidade da Síria às margens do Eufrates.

Τον Αύγουστο του 331 π.Χ., ο Μακεδόνας βασιλιάς μαζί με ολόκληρη τη δύναμη του πέρασε τον ποταμό, o|agosto|do|||o|macedônio|rei|junto|com|toda|a|força|dele|atravessou|o|rio the|August|of|||the|Macedonian|king|together|with|entire|the|force|of|crossed|the|river In August 331 BC, the Macedonian king along with his entire force crossed the river, Em agosto de 331 a.C., o rei macedônio, junto com toda a sua força, atravessou o rio,

χρησιμοποιώντας δύο γέφυρες που είχε κατασκευάσει ο Παρμενίων. usando|duas|pontes|que|tinha|construído|o|Parmênio using|two|bridges|that|had|built|the|Parmenion using two bridges that Parmenion had constructed. usando duas pontes que haviam sido construídas por Parmênio.

Από εκεί προχώρησε προς Βορρά για τον ποταμό Τίγρη, με αντικειμενικό σκοπό την κατάληψη της Βαβυλώνας. de|lá|avançou|em direção a|norte|para|o|rio|Tigre|com|objetivo|propósito|a|conquista|da|Babilônia from|there|advanced|towards|North|for|the|river|Tigris|with|objective|purpose|the|capture|of|Babylon From there he moved north towards the Tigris River, with the objective of capturing Babylon. De lá, avançou para o norte em direção ao rio Tigre, com o objetivo de capturar Babilônia.

Αφού διέβη τον ποταμό με δυσκολία προχώρησε προς τα Γαυγάμηλα, depois que|atravessou|o|rio|com|dificuldade|avançou|em direção a|os|Gaugamela after|he crossed|the|river|with|difficulty|he proceeded|towards|the|Gaugamela After crossing the river with difficulty, he proceeded towards Gavgamila, Depois de atravessar o rio com dificuldade, avançou em direção a Gaugamela,

χωριό της Ασσυρίας, κοντά στον ποταμό Βούμηλο, σε απόσταση 40 χλμ. από την πόλη Άρβηλα. vila|da|Assíria|perto|do|rio|Bumelo|a|distância|km|de|a|cidade|Arbela village|of the|Assyria|near|to the|river|Bumelo|at|distance|km|from|the|city|Arbela a village of Assyria, near the river Boumilos, 40 km from the city of Arbela. uma aldeia da Assíria, perto do rio Bumelo, a uma distância de 40 km da cidade de Arbela.

Σύμφωνα με τις πληροφορίες που είχαν συγκεντρωθεί από Πέρσες αιχμαλώτους, de acordo|com|as|informações|que|tinham|reunidas|de|persas|prisioneiros according|to|the|information|that|they had|gathered|from|Persians|prisoners According to the information gathered from Persian captives, De acordo com as informações que foram coletadas de prisioneiros persas,

ο Δαρείος είχε στρατοπεδεύσει σε μια πεδιάδα κοντά στα Γαυγάμηλα και στον Βούμηλο, o|Dario|tinha|acampado|em|uma|planície|perto|dos|Gaugamela|e|do|Bumelo the|Darius|he had|camped|in|a|plain|near|to the|Gaugamela|and|to the|Bumelo Darius had camped in a plain near Gavgamila and the Boumilos, Dario havia acampado em uma planície perto de Gaugamela e do Bumelo,

η δε δύναμη του ανερχόταν σύμφωνα με τον Αρριανό σε 1.000.000 πεζούς, 40.000 ιππείς , 200 δρεπανηφόρα άρματα και λίγους ελέφαντες a|mas|força|dele|ascendia|segundo|com|o|Arriano|em|infantes|cavaleiros|de carros de guerra|veículos|e|poucos|elefantes the|but|force|of|was rising|according|to|the|Arrian|to|infantry|cavalry|scythe-bearing|chariots|and|few|elephants The strength of the army was said by Arrian to be 1,000,000 infantry, 40,000 cavalry, 200 chariots, and a few elephants. a força dele ascendia, segundo o Arriano, a 1.000.000 de infantes, 40.000 cavaleiros, 200 carros de guerra e alguns elefantes.

ενώ ο Πλούταρχος αναφέρει 800000 πεζούς και 200000 ιππείς. enquanto|o|Plutarco|menciona|infantes|e|cavaleiros while|the|Plutarch|mentions|infantry|and|cavalry Plutarch, on the other hand, mentions 800,000 infantry and 200,000 cavalry. Enquanto Plutarco menciona 800.000 infantes e 200.000 cavaleiros.

Άλλες πηγές μνημονεύουν μικρότερους αριθμούς, outras|fontes|mencionam|menores|números other|sources|mention|smaller|numbers Other sources mention smaller numbers, Outras fontes mencionam números menores,

ενώ συντηρητικότερος όλων είναι ο Κούρτιος που μιλάει για 200000 πεζούς και 45000 ιππείς. enquanto|mais conservador|de todos|é|o|Quinto Cúrtio|que|fala|sobre|infantes|e|cavaleiros while|most conservative|of all|is|the|Curtius|who|speaks|about|infantry|and|cavalry while the most conservative of all is Curtius, who speaks of 200,000 infantry and 45,000 cavalry. enquanto o mais conservador de todos é o Cúrtio, que fala de 200.000 infantes e 45.000 cavaleiros.

Ο Αλέξανδρος, στρατοπέδευσε πριν τα Γαυγάμηλα για τέσσερις ημέρες προκειμένου να ξεκουραστεί ο στρατός του. o|Alexandre|acampou|antes|os|Gaugamela|por|quatro|dias|a fim de|de|descansar|o|exército|dele the|Alexander|he camped|before|the|Gaugamela|for|four|days|in order|to|he rested|the|army|his Alexander camped for four days before Gaugamela in order for his army to rest. Alexandre acampou antes da Batalha de Gaugamela por quatro dias para que seu exército pudesse descansar.

Στη συνέχεια, αφήνοντας τους ανίκανους για μάχη στο στρατόπεδο, προχώρησε νύκτα, em|seguida|deixando|os|incapazes|para|combate|no|acampamento|avançou|noite in the|continuation|leaving|the|incapable|for|battle|in the|camp|he advanced|at night Then, leaving the incapable for battle in the camp, he advanced at night, Em seguida, deixando os incapazes de lutar no acampamento, avançou à noite,

για να δώσει μάχη με το στρατό του Δαρείου τα ξημερώματα. para|de|dar|combate|com|o|exército|de|Dario|os|amanhecer to|to|he gave|battle|with|the|army|of|Darius|the|at dawn to engage in battle with Darius's army at dawn. para enfrentar o exército de Dario ao amanhecer.

Πρώτα, συνοδευόμενος από τους ελαφρά οπλισμένους στρατιώτες και τους ιππείς των εταίρων, primeiro|acompanhado|por|os|levemente|armados|soldados|e|os|cavaleiros|dos|companheiros first|accompanied|by|the|lightly|armed|soldiers|and|the|horsemen|of the|companions First, accompanied by lightly armed soldiers and the cavalry of the companions, Primeiro, acompanhado pelos soldados levemente armados e pelos cavaleiros dos companheiros,

περιεργάστηκε τη θέση όπου σκόπευε να δώσει μάχη, και στη συνέχεια διέταξε το στράτευμα να δειπνήσει και να αναπαυθεί. ele examinou|a|posição|onde|ele pretendia|a|dar|batalha|e|em|seguida|ele ordenou|o|exército|a|jantar|e|a|descansar he examined|the|position|where|he intended|to|to give|battle|and|in the|next|he ordered|the|army|to|to dine|and|to|to rest He examined the position where he intended to fight, and then ordered the army to dine and rest. ele examinou o local onde pretendia lutar e, em seguida, ordenou ao exército que jantasse e descansasse.

Στο μεταξύ ο Δαρείος, έμεινε όλη τη νύκτα με συντεταγμένο το στρατό του, no|entre|o|Dario|ele ficou|toda|a|noite|com|organizado|o|exército| in the|meantime|the|Darius|he stayed|all|the|night|with|organized|the|army| Meanwhile, Darius stayed up all night with his army organized, Enquanto isso, Dario ficou a noite toda com seu exército organizado,

επειδή δεν είχε περιχαρακώσει το στρατόπεδο του porque|não|ele tinha|cercado|o|acampamento|dele because|not|he had|he fortified|the|camp|his because he had not fortified his camp porque não havia cercado seu acampamento

και φοβόταν νυκτερινή επίθεση από τους Μακεδόνες. e|ele temia|noturna|ataque|de|os|macedônios and|he feared|nighttime|attack|from|the|Macedonians and was afraid of a night attack by the Macedonians. e temia um ataque noturno dos macedônios.

Ο στρατός του Δαρείου είχε παραταχθεί ως εξής. o|exército|de|Dario|tinha|se formado|como|segue the|army|of the|Darius|had|been deployed|as|follows The army of Darius was arranged as follows. O exército de Dario estava disposto da seguinte forma.

Από τα αριστερά προς το κέντρο είχαν παραταχθεί οι ιππείς από την Βακτρία, Αραχωσία και οι Δάες, da|os|esquerda|para|o|centro|tinham|se formado|os|cavaleiros|de|a|Bactriana|Aracosia|e|os|Dácios from|the|left|to|the|center|had|been deployed|the|cavalry|from|the|Bactria|Arachosia|and|the|Daeans From the left to the center, the cavalry from Bactria, Arachosia, and the Dae were arranged, Do lado esquerdo em direção ao centro estavam dispostos os cavaleiros da Bactriana, Aracosia e os Dáios,

μετά οι Πέρσες, ανάμικτοι ιππείς και πεζοί, καθώς και οι Σούσιοι και Καδούσιοι ιππείς. depois|os|persas|mistos|cavaleiros|e|infantes|assim como|e|os|Súsios|e|Cadusios|cavaleiros then|the|Persians|mixed|cavalry|and|infantry|as|and|the|Susians|and|Cadusians|cavalry followed by the Persians, a mix of cavalry and infantry, as well as the Susians and Cadusians cavalry. depois os persas, uma mistura de cavaleiros e infantaria, assim como os cavaleiros Súsios e Cadusianos.

Από τα δεξιά προς το κέντρο είχαν παραταχθεί οι ιππείς από την Κοίλη Συρία και Μεσοποταμία da|os|direita|para|o|centro|tinham|se formado|os|cavaleiros|de|a|Coele|Síria|e|Mesopotâmia from|the|right|to|the|center|had|been deployed|the|cavalry|from|the|Coele|Syria|and|Mesopotamia From the right to the center, the cavalry from Coele-Syria and Mesopotamia were arranged. Do lado direito em direção ao centro estavam dispostos os cavaleiros da Síria Coele e da Mesopotâmia.

καθώς και οι ιππείς από την Μηδία, την Παρθία, αλλά και Σόκες, Τόπειροι, assim como|e|os|cavaleiros|da|a|Média|a|Pártia|mas|e|Sogdianos|Topéridas as|and|the|horsemen|from|the|Media|the|Parthia|but|and|Sogdian|Toprids as well as the horsemen from Media, Parthia, but also Sogdiana, Topyri, assim como os cavaleiros da Média, da Pártia, mas também os Sôcos, os Tópeiros,

Υρκάνιοι, Αλβανοί και Σακεσίνες. Hircânianos|Albanos|e|Sacae Hyrcanians|Albanians|and|Sakas Hyrcanians, Albanians, and Sakas. os Hircânio, os Albaneses e os Sakes.

Στο κέντρο βρισκόταν ο Δαρείος μαζί με τους Πέρσες ιππείς της φρουράς του, no|centro|estava|o|Dario|junto|com|os|persas|cavaleiros|da|guarda|dele in the|center|was located|the|Darius|together|with|the|Persian|horsemen|of the|guard|his In the center was Darius along with the Persian horsemen of his guard, No centro estava Dario junto com os cavaleiros persas de sua guarda,

και μηλοφόροι Πέρσες, Ινδοί ιππείς, Κάρες, Μόρδοι τοξότες e|portadores de maçãs|persas|indianos|cavaleiros|carianos|mordos|arqueiros and|apple bearers|Persians|Indian|horsemen|Carians|Mardians|archers and apple-bearers, Persian archers, Indian horsemen, Carians, and Mardians. e os persas portadores de maçãs, os cavaleiros indianos, os carios, os mordos arqueiros.

και Έλληνες μισθοφόροι αριστερά και δεξιά του Δαρείου. e|gregos|mercenários|à esquerda|e|à direita|de|Dario and|Greeks|mercenaries|left|and|right|of the|Darius and Greek mercenaries to the left and right of Darius. e mercenários gregos à esquerda e à direita de Dario.

Πίσω από την κύρια παράταξη είχε σχηματιστεί μια άλλη γραμμή, atrás|de|a|principal|linha|tinha|formado|uma|outra|linha behind|from|the|main|line|had|formed|another||line Behind the main formation, another line had been formed, Atrás da linha principal, havia formado-se outra linha,

ενώ εμπρός από την κύρια παράταξη είχαν τοποθετηθεί αριστερά Σκύθες ιππείς, enquanto|à frente|de|a|principal|linha|tinham|posicionado|à esquerda|citas|cavaleiros while|in front|from|the|main|line|had|positioned|left|Scythian|horsemen while in front of the main formation, Scythian cavalry were positioned on the left, enquanto à frente da linha principal estavam posicionados à esquerda os cavaleiros citas,

1000 Βακτριανοί ιππείς και 100 δρεπανηφόρα άρματα, bactrianos|cavaleiros|e|com foices|carros Bactrian|horsemen|and|scythe-bearing|chariots 1000 Bactrian cavalry and 100 scythe-bearing chariots, 1000 cavaleiros bactrianos e 100 carros de guerra com foices,

δεξιά Αρμένιοι και Καπαδόκες ιππείς και 50 δρεπανηφόρα άρματα, direita|armênios|e|capadócios|cavaleiros|e|com foices|carros right|Armenians|and|Cappadocians|cavalrymen|and|scythe-bearing|chariots on the right, Armenian and Cappadocian cavalry and 50 scythe-bearing chariots, à direita, armênios e capadócios, cavaleiros e 50 carros com foices,

ενώ στο κέντρο 15 ελέφαντες και άλλα 50 δρεπανηφόρα άρματα. enquanto|no|centro|elefantes|e|outros|com foices|carros while|in the|center|elephants|and|other|scythe-bearing|chariots while in the center, 15 elephants and another 50 scythe-bearing chariots. enquanto no centro, 15 elefantes e outros 50 carros com foices.

Η παράταξη του στρατού του Αλεξάνδρου, ήταν η ακόλουθη από δεξιά προς τα αριστερά. a|disposição|do|exército|de|Alexandre|era|a|seguinte|de|direita|até|os|esquerda the|arrangement|of the|army|of the|Alexander|was|the|following|from|right|to|the|left The formation of Alexander's army was as follows from right to left. A disposição do exército de Alexandre era a seguinte, da direita para a esquerda.

Στην δεξιά πτέρυγα τοποθετήθηκαν οι εταίροι ιππείς και οι υπασπιστές, na|direita|ala|foram posicionados|os|companheiros|cavaleiros|e|os|escudeiros in the|right|wing|were placed|the|companions|cavalrymen|and|the|aides On the right wing, the companion cavalry and the aides were positioned, Na ala direita, foram posicionados os companheiros cavaleiros e os escudeiros,

στο κέντρο τα τάγματα της φάλαγγας, και στην αριστερή πτέρυγα οι Σύμμαχοι και οι Θεσσαλοί ιππείς. no|centro|os|batalhões|da|falange|e|na|esquerda|ala|os|aliados|e|os|tessalios|cavaleiros in the|center|the|battalions|of the|phalanx|and|in the|left|wing|the|Allies|and|the|Thessalians|cavalry in the center the phalanx formations, and on the left wing the Allies and the Thessalian cavalry. no centro os batalhões da falange, e na ala esquerda os Aliados e os cavaleiros tessálios.

Πίσω από τη φάλαγγα τοποθετήθηκε μια δεύτερη δύναμη, atrás|de|a|falange|foi posicionada|uma|segunda|força behind|from|the|phalanx|was placed|a|second|force Behind the phalanx a second force was positioned, Atrás da falange foi posicionada uma segunda força,

η οποία μαζί με τη φάλαγγα της πρώτης γραμμής σχημάτιζε μια αμφίστομη φάλαγγα. a|qual|junto|com|a|falange|da|primeira|linha|formava|uma|de dois lados|falange which|which|together|with|the|phalanx|of the|first|line|formed|a|double-edged|phalanx which together with the front line phalanx formed a double-ended phalanx. que junto com a falange da primeira linha formava uma falange de boca dupla.

Στην αριστερή υπό γωνία πλαγιοφυλακή τοποθετήθηκαν, Αγριάνες, Μακεδόνες τοξότες na|esquerda|sob|canto|flanco|foram posicionados|agrianos|macedônios|arqueiros in the|left|under|corner|flank|were placed|Agrianians|Macedonian|archers In the left rear corner, light infantry were positioned, Agrians, Macedonian archers. Na ala esquerda sob ângulo de flanco foram posicionados, Agrianos, arqueiros macedônios.

και μπροστά από αυτούς πρόδρομοι και μισθοφόροι ιππείς. e|na frente|de|eles|precursores|e|mercenários|cavaleiros and|in front|of|them|forerunners|and|mercenaries|horsemen and in front of them were forerunners and mercenary horsemen. e na frente deles, precursores e mercenários cavaleiros.

Στο κέντρο μπροστά από τους εταίρους, no|centro|na frente|de|os|companheiros in the|center|in front|of|the|partners In the center in front of the companions, No centro, à frente dos companheiros,

τοποθετήθηκαν οι υπόλοιποι Αγριάνες, τοξότες και ακοντιστές. foram posicionados|os|restantes|Agrianes|arqueiros|e|lançadores de dardos were placed|the|remaining|Agrians|archers|and|javelin throwers the remaining Agrians, archers, and spearmen were placed. foram posicionados os restantes Agrianos, arqueiros e lanças.

Στη δεξιά υπό γωνία πλαγιοφυλακή τοποθετήθηκαν μισθοφόροι ιππείς, na|direita|sob|ângulo|flanco|foram posicionados|mercenários|cavaleiros in the|right|under|corner|flank guard|were placed|mercenaries|horsemen On the right flank, mercenary horsemen were positioned, Na esquina direita, em flanco, foram posicionados mercenários cavaleiros,

πρόδρομοι και Παίονες ιππείς καθώς και Αγριάνες, vanguardeiros|e|peônes|cavaleiros|assim como|e|agrianos forerunners|and|Paeonians|cavalrymen|as|and|Agrianians pioneers and Paeonian cavalry as well as Agrianians, precursores e cavaleiros Paeones, bem como Agrianos,

Μακεδόνες τοξότες και μισθοφόροι. macedônios|arqueiros|e|mercenários Macedonians|archers|and|mercenaries Macedonian archers and mercenaries. arqueiros macedônios e mercenários.

Αυτή ήταν περίπου η σύνθεση και η διάταξη της στρατιάς του Αλεξάνδρου, esta|era|aproximadamente|a|composição|e|a|disposição|do|exército|de|Alexandre this|was|about|the|composition|and|the|arrangement|of the|army|of|Alexander This was roughly the composition and arrangement of Alexander's army, Esta era aproximadamente a composição e a disposição do exército de Alexandre,

στην οποία, είχε δοθεί σχήμα τετραπλεύρου με ενισχυμένο το δεξιό κέρας. na|qual|tinha|sido dado|forma|de quadrilátero|com|reforçado|o|direito|flanco in the|which|had|been given|shape|quadrilateral|with|reinforced|the|right|wing which was shaped like a quadrilateral with the right wing reinforced. que tinha a forma de um quadrilátero com o flanco direito reforçado.

Η πείρα των συγκρούσεων με τους Πέρσες είχε διδάξει τον Αλέξανδρο a|experiência|das|conflitos|com|os|persas|tinha|ensinado|ao|Alexandre the|experience|of the|conflicts|with|the|Persians|had|taught|to the|Alexander The experience of conflicts with the Persians had taught Alexander A experiência dos conflitos com os persas havia ensinado a Alexandre

ότι αντικειμενικός σκοπός θα έπρεπε να είναι η περσική ηγεσία και μάλιστα ο ίδιος ο βασιλιάς Δαρείος, que|objetivo|propósito|partícula de futuro|deveria|partícula de infinitivo|ser|a|persa|liderança|e|especialmente|o|próprio|o|rei|Dario that|objective|goal|would|should|to|be|the|Persian|leadership|and|indeed|the|same|the|king|Darius that the objective should be the Persian leadership, specifically King Darius himself, que o objetivo objetivo deveria ser a liderança persa e, de fato, o próprio rei Dario,

καθώς τυχόν σύλληψη ή εξόντωση του βασιλιά θα προκαλούσε πιθανότατα καταρράκωση pois|qualquer|captura|ou|eliminação|do|rei|partícula de futuro|provocaria|provavelmente|colapso as|any|capture|or|elimination|of the|king|would|would cause|likely|collapse as any capture or elimination of the king would likely lead to a collapse pois qualquer captura ou eliminação do rei provavelmente causaria um colapso

του ηθικού των ασιατικών στρατευμάτων da|moral|dos|asiáticos|exércitos of the|morale|of the|Asian|troops of the morale of the Asian troops. da moral das tropas asiáticas.

και ενδεχομένως οριστική διάλυση της εχθρικής στρατιάς. e|possivelmente|definitiva|dissolução|do|inimiga|exército and|possibly|definitive|dissolution|of the|enemy|army and possibly a definitive dissolution of the hostile army. e possivelmente a dissolução definitiva do exército inimigo.

Όταν άρχισε η μάχη ο Αλέξανδρος διαπίστωσε ότι η δεξιά πτέρυγα του στρατού του βρισκόταν quando|começou|a|batalha|o|Alexandre|percebeu|que|a|direita|ala|do|exército|seu|estava when|he began|the|battle|the|Alexander|he realized|that|the|right|wing|of his|army|that|it was located When the battle began, Alexander realized that the right flank of his army was positioned Quando a batalha começou, Alexandre percebeu que a ala direita de seu exército estava

απέναντι από το κέντρο των Περσών, και υπήρχε κίνδυνος να υπερκεραστεί, em frente|ao|o|centro|dos|persas|e|havia|perigo|de|ser flanqueado opposite|from|the|center|of the|Persians|and|there was|danger|to|be outflanked opposite the center of the Persians, and there was a risk of being outflanked, de frente para o centro dos persas, e havia o risco de ser ultrapassada,

έτσι κινήθηκε προς τα δεξιά ενώ οι Πέρσες επιχειρούσαν την αντίθετη κίνηση. assim|moveu-se|para|a|direita|enquanto|os|persas|tentavam|a|oposta|movimento thus|he moved|towards|the|right|while|the|Persians|they were attempting|the|opposite|movement so he moved to the right while the Persians attempted the opposite movement. assim ele se moveu para a direita enquanto os persas tentavam o movimento oposto.

Τότε οι Σκύθες ιππείς, που είχαν τοποθετηθεί στο αριστερό άκρο των Περσών, então|os|citas|cavaleiros|que|tinham|se colocado|no|esquerdo|flanco|dos|persas then|the|Scythians|horsemen|who|they had|positioned|at the|left|flank|of the|Persians Then the Scythian horsemen, who had been positioned on the left flank of the Persians, Então os cavaleiros citas, que estavam posicionados na extremidade esquerda dos persas,

εξαπέλυσαν επίθεση εναντίον του δεξιού κέρατος, που διοικούσε ο Αλέξανδρος, lançaram|ataque|contra|do|direito|flanco|que|comandava|o|Alexandre they launched|attack|against|the|right|wing|which|commanded|the|Alexander launched an attack against the right horn, which was commanded by Alexander, lançaram um ataque contra o flanco direito, que era comandado por Alexandre,

όμως αντιμετωπίστηκαν από τους ιππείς που διοικούσε ο Μενίδας, με αποτέλεσμα να ακολουθήσει ιππομαχία. mas|foram enfrentados|por|os|cavaleiros|que|comandava|o|Menidas|com|resultado|de|seguir|batalha de cavalaria but|they were confronted|by|the|horsemen|who|commanded|the|Menidas|with|result|that|to follow|cavalry battle but they were met by the horsemen commanded by Menidas, resulting in a cavalry battle. mas foram enfrentados pelos cavaleiros comandados por Menidas, resultando em uma batalha de cavalaria.

Συγχρόνως οι βάρβαροι εξαπέλυσαν τα δρεπανηφόρα άρματα για να επιφέρουν σύγχυση στη φάλαγγα. ao mesmo tempo|os|bárbaros|lançaram|os|ceifadores|carros|para|de|causar|confusão|na|falange simultaneously|the|barbarians|they launched|the|scythe-bearing|chariots|to|to|to cause|confusion|in the|phalanx At the same time, the barbarians unleashed their scythe-bearing chariots to create confusion in the phalanx. Ao mesmo tempo, os bárbaros lançaram suas carruagens com foices para causar confusão na falange.

Όμως, οι ακοντιστές που είχαν ταχθεί μπροστά από το ιππικό των εταίρων, porém|os|acontistas|que|tinham|se posicionados|à frente|de|o|cavalo|dos|companheiros however|the|spearmen|who|they had|been stationed|in front|of|the|cavalry|of the|companions However, the spearmen who had been positioned in front of the cavalry of the companions, No entanto, os lanceiros que estavam posicionados à frente da cavalaria dos companheiros,

απέκρουσαν την επίθεση με τα ακόντια τους. repeliram|a|ataque|com|as|lanças|deles they repelled|the|attack|with|the|spears|their repelled the attack with their spears. rechaçaram o ataque com suas lanças.

Ενώ η κύρια γραμμή των Περσών προχωρούσε εμπρός, ο Αλέξανδρος καραδοκούσε για να εξαπολύσει επίθεση με το ιππικό του. enquanto|a|principal|linha|dos|persas|avançava|para frente|o|Alexandre|estava à espreita|para|que|lançar|ataque|com|o|cavalo|dele while|the|main|line|of the|Persians|was advancing|forward|the|Alexander|was lying in wait|to|to|unleash|attack|with|the|cavalry|his While the main line of the Persians advanced, Alexander lay in wait to launch an attack with his cavalry. Enquanto a linha principal dos persas avançava, Alexandre aguardava para lançar um ataque com sua cavalaria.

Η ευκαιρία του δόθηκε, όταν δημιουργήθηκε χάσμα ανάμεσα στο κέντρο και στο ιππικό των Περσών, a|oportunidade|dele|foi dada|quando|foi criado|brecha|entre|ao|centro|e|ao|cavalo|dos|persas the|opportunity|his|was given|when|was created|gap|between|the|center|and|the|cavalry|of the|Persians His opportunity came when a gap was created between the center and the cavalry of the Persians, A oportunidade lhe foi dada quando se abriu uma brecha entre o centro e a cavalaria dos persas,

που είχαν κινηθεί γρήγορα για να υπερκεράσουν τη δεξιά πτέρυγα του Αλεξάνδρου. que|eles tinham|movido|rapidamente|para|que|ultrapassar|a|direita|ala|de|Alexandre that|they had|moved|quickly|to|to|outflank|the|right|wing|of|Alexander who had moved quickly to outflank the right wing of Alexander. que haviam se movido rapidamente para superar o flanco direito de Alexandre.

Τότε αυτός όρμησε εμπρός με το ιππικό των εταίρων και τη φάλαγγα, έχοντας ως στόχο τον Δαρείο. então|ele|lançou-se|para frente|com|o|cavalo|dos|companheiros|e|a|falange|tendo|como|alvo|o|Dario then|he|charged|forward|with|the|cavalry|of the|companions|and|the|phalanx|having|as|target|the|Darius Then he charged forward with the cavalry of the companions and the phalanx, aiming for Darius. Então ele avançou com a cavalaria dos companheiros e a falange, tendo como alvo Dario.

Ο Πέρσης βασιλιάς δεν άργησε να τραπεί σε φυγή, ακολουθούμενος από τους ιππείς του αριστερού άκρου. o|persa|rei|não|demorou|a|se virou|em|fuga|sendo seguido|por|os|cavaleiros|do|esquerdo|flanco the|Persian|king|not|he delayed|to|to turn|to|flight|being followed|by|the|horsemen|of the|left|flank The Persian king did not take long to flee, followed by the horsemen of the left flank. O rei persa não demorou a fugir, seguido pelos cavaleiros do flanco esquerdo.

Όμως, ενώ το κέντρο και η αριστερή πτέρυγα των Περσών είχε τραπεί σε φυγή, mas|enquanto|o|centro|e|a|esquerda|ala|dos|persas|tinha|se virado|em|fuga but|while|the|center|and|the|left|wing|of the|Persians|it had|turned|to|flight However, while the center and the left wing of the Persians had fled, No entanto, enquanto o centro e o flanco esquerdo dos persas haviam fugido,

Ινδοί και Πέρσες ιππείς, εκμεταλλευόμενοι το χάσμα που είχε δημιουργηθεί indianos|e|persas|cavaleiros|aproveitando|o|abismo|que|tinha|sido criado Indians|and|Persians|cavalrymen|exploiting|the|gap|that|had|been created Indian and Persian horsemen, taking advantage of the gap that had been created Índios e persas cavaleiros, aproveitando a brecha que havia se formado

ανάμεσα στο κέντρο του Αλεξάνδρου και την αριστερή του πτέρυγα, entre|no|centro|de|Alexandre|e|a|esquerda|de|ala between|the|center|of|Alexander|and|the|left|of|flank between Alexander's center and his left flank, entre o centro de Alexandre e seu flanco esquerdo,

επιτέθηκαν εναντίον των μεταγωγικών των Μακεδόνων. atacaram|contra|os|transportes|dos|macedônios they attacked|against|the|transport|of the|Macedonians attacked the Macedonian supply trains. atacaram os transportes dos macedônios.

Τότε, οι άνδρες της δεύτερης γραμμής, που είχαν ταχθεί πίσω από την πρώτη, então|os|homens|da|segunda|linha|que|tinham|sido posicionados|atrás|de|a|primeira then|the|men|of the|second|line|who|they had|been deployed|behind|from|the|first Then, the men of the second line, who had been positioned behind the first, Então, os homens da segunda linha, que estavam posicionados atrás da primeira,

αφού στράφηκαν προς τα πίσω εξουδετέρωσαν τους βαρβάρους. depois que|eles se viraram|para|os|atrás|eles neutralizaram|os|bárbaros after|they turned|towards|the|back|they neutralized|the|barbarians After they turned back, they neutralized the barbarians. Depois que se voltaram para trás, neutralizaram os bárbaros.

Ταυτόχρονα, οι ιππείς της δεξιάς πτέρυγας των Περσών, ao mesmo tempo|os|cavaleiros|da|direita|ala|dos|persas simultaneously|the|horsemen|of the|right|wing|of the|Persians At the same time, the cavalry of the right wing of the Persians, Ao mesmo tempo, os cavaleiros da ala direita dos persas,

που δεν είχαν αντιληφθεί τη φυγή του Δαρείου, que|não|eles tinham|percebido|a|fuga|de|Dario who|not|they had|realized|the|flight|of the|Darius who had not noticed the flight of Darius, que não tinham percebido a fuga de Dario,

επιτέθηκαν εναντίον της αριστερής πτέρυγας των Μακεδόνων, eles atacaram|contra|da|esquerda|ala|dos|macedônios they attacked|against|of the|left|wing|of the|Macedonians attacked the left wing of the Macedonians, atacaram a ala esquerda dos macedônios,

η οποία ήταν υπό τη διοίκηση του Παρμενίωνα και την πίεσαν ασφυκτικά , a|qual|estava|sob|a|direção|de|Parmênio|e|a|pressionaram|de forma asfixiante the|which|was|under|the|command|of the|Parmenion|and|the|they pressured|tightly which was under the command of Parmenion and was pressed tightly, que estava sob o comando de Parmênio e foi pressionada de forma sufocante,

έως ότου ο Αλέξανδρος, διακόπτοντας την καταδίωξη του Δαρείου, até|que|o|Alexandre|interrompendo|a|perseguição|de|Dario until|when|the|Alexander|interrupting|the|pursuit|of the|Darius until Alexander, interrupting the pursuit of Darius, até que Alexandre, interrompendo a perseguição a Dario,

έσπευσε με το ιππικό των εταίρων κατά της δεξιάς πτέρυγας των βαρβάρων. apressou-se|com|o|cavalo|dos|companheiros|contra|a|direita|ala|dos|bárbaros he hurried|with|the|cavalry|of the|companions|against|the|right|wing|of the|barbarians hurried with the cavalry of the companions against the right wing of the barbarians. apressou-se com a cavalaria dos companheiros contra o flanco direito dos bárbaros.

Όσοι από τους εχθρούς κατόρθωσαν να σωθούν, έφευγαν με όλες τους τις δυνάμεις, aqueles que|de|os|inimigos|conseguiram|a|se salvar|fugiam|com|todas|suas|as|forças those who|from|the|enemies|they managed|to|be saved|they were fleeing|with|all|their|the|forces Those of the enemies who managed to escape fled with all their might, Aqueles dos inimigos que conseguiram se salvar fugiam com todas as suas forças,

ενώ ο Παρμενίων κυρίευε το εχθρικό στρατόπεδο, τα μεταγωγικά, τους ελέφαντες και τις καμήλες. enquanto|o|Parmênio|conquistava|o|inimigo|acampamento|os|transportes|os|elefantes|e|as|camelos while|the|Parmenion|was capturing|the|enemy|camp|the|transport vehicles|the|elephants|and|the|camels while Parmenion was capturing the enemy camp, the transports, the elephants, and the camels. enquanto Parmênio dominava o acampamento inimigo, os transportes, os elefantes e os camelos.

Ο δε Αλέξανδρος και οι ιππείς του αφού αναπαύτηκαν έως τα μεσάνυκτα, O|porém|Alexandre|e|os|cavaleiros|dele|depois que|descansaram|até|as|meia-noite the|but|Alexander|and|the|horsemen|his|after|they rested|until|the|midnight And Alexander and his cavalry, after resting until midnight, E Alexandre e seus cavaleiros, após descansarem até a meia-noite,

προχώρησαν προς τα Άρβηλα, όπου παρέλαβαν τα χρήματα, τις αποσκευές, avançaram|em direção a|os|Arbelos|onde|receberam|os|dinheiro|as|bagagens they advanced|towards|the|Arbela|where|they received|the|money|the|luggage proceeded towards Arbela, where they collected the money, the baggage, avançaram em direção a Arbela, onde receberam o dinheiro, as bagagens,

το άρμα, την ασπίδα και το τόξο του Δαρείου. o|carro|a|escudo|e|o|arco|de|Dario the|chariot|the|shield|and|the|bow|of the|Darius the chariot, the shield, and the bow of Darius. a carruagem, o escudo e o arco de Dario.

Το βράδυ της 1ης Οκτωβρίου 331 π.Χ. η μεγάλη μάχη στα Γαυγάμηλα είχε πια περάσει στην ιστορία a|noite|de|1ª|outubro|||a|grande|batalha|em|Gaugamela|tinha|já|passado|na|história the|evening|of the|1st|October|||the|great|battle|in the|Gaugamela|had|now|passed|into the|history On the evening of October 1, 331 BC, the great battle at Gaugamela had already passed into history. Na noite de 1º de outubro de 331 a.C., a grande batalha de Gaugamela já havia passado para a história

ως η σημαντικότερη νίκη που είχε πετύχει ο Αλέξανδρος από τότε που ξεκίνησε τη συναρπαστική πορεία του στην Ανατολή. como|a|mais importante|vitória|que|tinha|conseguido|o|Alexandre|desde|então|que|começou|a|emocionante|jornada|sua|para|Oriente as|the|most significant|victory|that|had|achieved|the|Alexander|since|then|that|started|the|exciting|journey|his|in the|East It was the most significant victory achieved by Alexander since he began his thrilling journey in the East. como a vitória mais importante que Alexandre havia conquistado desde que começou sua emocionante jornada no Oriente.

Ο στρατός του Δαρείου είχε συντριβεί και μαζί του φαίνεται ότι κατέρρεε οριστικά o|exército|de|Dario|tinha|sido derrotado|e|junto|dele|parece|que|estava desmoronando|definitivamente the|army|of the|Darius|had|been defeated|and|together|with him|seems|that|was collapsing|definitively The army of Darius had been crushed, and along with it, it seemed that the once-mighty Persian Empire was definitively collapsing. O exército de Dario havia sido derrotado e, com ele, parecia que desmoronava definitivamente

και η πάλαι ποτέ κραταιά Περσική αυτοκρατορία. e|a|outrora|nunca|poderosa|Persa|império and|the|once|ever|mighty|Persian|empire the once powerful Persian Empire was finally collapsing . também o outrora poderoso império persa.

Οι απώλειες των ηττημένων ήταν βαρύτατες. as|perdas|dos|derrotados|foram|muito pesadas the|losses|of the|defeated|were|very heavy The losses of the defeated were very heavy. As perdas dos derrotados foram extremamente pesadas.

Οι αρχαίες πηγές παραδίδουν διάφορους αριθμούς, οι οποίοι, as|antigas|fontes|transmitem|vários|números|os|quais the|ancient|sources|report|various|numbers|which|which The ancient sources report various numbers, which, As fontes antigas transmitem vários números, que,

κι αν ακόμη θεωρηθούν ότι διέπονται από τάση υπερβολής, e|se|ainda|forem considerados|que|são regidos|por|tendência|exagero and|if|even|considered|that|are governed|by|tendency|exaggeration even if they are considered to be subject to exaggeration, mesmo que sejam considerados tendenciosos para a exageração,

μαρτυρούν το μέγεθος της καταστροφής που υπέστη testemunham|o|tamanho|da|destruição|que|sofreu testify|the|magnitude|of the|destruction|that|suffered testify to the magnitude of the destruction that was suffered. atestam a magnitude da destruição que sofreu.

εκείνο το φθινοπωρινό πρωινό η στρατιά του Δαρείου. aquele|o|outonal|manhã|a|tropa|de|Dario that|the|autumnal|morning|the|army|of the|Darius that autumn morning the army of Darius. naquela manhã de outono, o exército de Dario.

Ο Κούρτιος αναφέρει 40000 νεκρούς, ο Διόδωρος πάνω από 90000, O|Curtio|menciona|mortos|O|Diodoro|mais|de the|Curtios|reports|dead|the|Diodorus|more|than Curtius reports 40,000 dead, Diodorus over 90,000, Curtius menciona 40000 mortos, Diodoro mais de 90000,

ενώ ο Αρριανός κάνει λόγο για 300000 πεσόντες! enquanto|O|Arriano|faz|menção|para|caídos while|the|Arrian|makes|mention|for|fallen while Arrian mentions 300,000 fallen! enquanto Arriano fala de 300000 caídos!

Τέλος, ο πάπυρος Νο 1798 της Οξυρύγχου por fim|O|papiro|nº|de|Oxirrinco finally|the|papyrus|No|of the|Oxyrhynchus Finally, the papyrus No. 1798 of Oxyrhynchus Por fim, o papiro nº 1798 de Oxirrinco.

προσδιορίζει τον αριθμό των νεκρών σε 53000. ele determina|o|número|dos|mortos|em it specifies|the|number|of the|dead|to it specifies the number of dead at 53,000. determina o número de mortos em 53000.

Στην αντίπερα όχθη, εκείνη των νικητών, οι απώλειες ήταν μάλλον περιορισμένες. na|outra|margem|aquela|dos|vencedores|as|perdas|foram|bastante|limitadas on the|opposite|bank|that|of the|winners|the|losses|they were|rather|limited On the other side, that of the victors, the losses were rather limited. Do outro lado, o dos vencedores, as perdas foram bastante limitadas.

Ο Διόδωρος αναφέρει ότι οι νεκροί ήταν περίπου 500 και ο Κούρτιος μιλάει για λιγότερους από 300. o|Diodoro|ele menciona|que|os|mortos|eram|cerca de|e|o|Curtio|ele fala|sobre|menos|de the|Diodorus|he mentions|that|the|dead|they were|about|and|the|Curtius|he speaks|about|fewer|than Diodorus mentions that the dead were about 500 and Curtius speaks of fewer than 300. Diodoro menciona que os mortos eram cerca de 500 e Curtius fala de menos de 300.

Ο πάπυρος 1798 της Οξυρύγχου αναφέρει 1000 πεζούς νεκρούς και 200 ιππείς, o|papiro|de|Oxirrinco|ele menciona|infantes|mortos|e|cavaleiros the|papyrus|of the|Oxyrhynchus|it mentions|infantry|dead|and|cavalry The papyrus 1798 of Oxyrhynchus mentions 1,000 infantry dead and 200 cavalry, O papiro 1798 de Oxirrinco menciona 1000 infantes mortos e 200 cavaleiros,

ενώ η εκδοχή του Αρριανού είναι 100 νεκροί, εκ των οποίων οι 60 ήταν εταίροι ιππείς. enquanto|a|versão|de|Arriano|é|mortos|entre|os|dos quais|os|eram|companheiros|cavaleiros while|the|version|of the|Arrian|is|dead|of|the|of whom|the|were|companions|cavalry while Arrian's version states there were 100 dead, of which 60 were cavalry companions. Enquanto a versão de Arriano é de 100 mortos, dos quais 60 eram companheiros cavaleiros.

Η πεδιάδα των Γαυγαμήλων αποτέλεσε την τελευταία ουσιαστική γραμμή άμυνας a|planície|de|Gaugamela|constituiu|a|última|substancial|linha|de defesa the|plain|of the|Gaugamela|constituted|the|last|substantial|line|of defense The plain of Gaugamela served as the last significant line of defense A planície de Gaugamela constituiu a última linha de defesa significativa.

που μπόρεσε να παρατάξει ο Δαρείος Γ΄ Κοδομανός στην προέλαση του Αλεξάνδρου. que|pôde|(partícula de infinitivo)|organizar|o|Dario|III|Codomano|na|avanço|de|Alexandre that|was able|to|deploy|the|Darius|III|Codomannus|in the|advance|of|Alexander that Darius III Codomannus could muster against Alexander's advance. que Dario III Codomano conseguiu organizar na avançada de Alexandre.

Μετά τη μάχη αυτή η τύχη του περσικού βασιλείου είχε οριστικά κριθεί. depois|da|batalha|esta|a|sorte|do|persa|reino|tinha|definitivamente|sido decidida after|the|battle|this|the|fate|of the|Persian|kingdom|had|definitively|been decided After this battle, the fate of the Persian kingdom was definitively decided. Após essa batalha, o destino do reino persa estava definitivamente selado.

Οι σποραδικές εστίες αντίστασης που προέταξαν κάποια μεμονωμένα περσικά τμήματα as|esporádicas|focos|de resistência|que|destacaram|alguns|isolados|persas|grupos the|sporadic|centers|of resistance|that|they put forward|some|individual|Persian|units The sporadic centers of resistance that some individual Persian units put forward Os focos esporádicos de resistência que foram levantados por alguns departamentos persas isolados

δεν ήταν ικανές να αλλάξουν τη μοίρα της περσικής αυτοκρατορίας, não|eram|capazes|de|mudar|a|sorte|do|persa|império not|they were|capable|to|they change|the|fate|of the|Persian|empire were not capable of changing the fate of the Persian Empire, não foram capazes de mudar o destino do império persa,

που σύντομα θα έπεφτε και τυπικά στα χέρια του Μακεδόνα στρατηλάτη. que|em breve|irá|cair|e|oficialmente|nas|mãos|do|macedônio|conquistador that|soon|will|it would fall|and|officially|into the|hands|of the|Macedonian|general which would soon fall officially into the hands of the Macedonian general. que em breve cairia também formalmente nas mãos do conquistador macedônio.

Στα Γαυγάμηλα είχε επιτευχθεί ουσιαστικά ο αρχικός στόχος em|Gaugamela|tinha|sido alcançado|essencialmente|o|inicial|objetivo at the|Gaugamela|it had|been achieved|essentially|the|initial|goal At Gaugamela, the initial goal had essentially been achieved. Na Batalha de Gaugamela, o objetivo inicial foi essencialmente alcançado.

της «πανελλήνιας εκστρατείας για την τιμωρία της Περσίας» με την κατάλυση του περσικού κράτους da|pan-helênica|campanha|para|a|punição|da|Pérsia|com|a|derrubada|do|persa|estado of the|pan-Hellenic|campaign|for|the|punishment|of the|Persia|with|the|overthrow|of the|Persian|state of the "pan-Hellenic campaign for the punishment of Persia" with the overthrow of the Persian state. da «campanha pan-helênica pela punição da Pérsia» com a derrubada do estado persa

και την αναγόρευση του Αλεξάνδρου σε διάδοχο των Αχαιμενιδών. e|a|aclamação|de|Alexandre|como|sucessor|dos|Aquêmenidas and|the|proclamation|of the|Alexander|as|successor|of the|Achaemenids and the designation of Alexander as the successor of the Achaemenids. e a nomeação de Alexandre como sucessor dos aquemênidas.

Με τη νίκη εκείνη ο Αλέξανδρος έκλεινε ένα κεφάλαιο της ιστορίας com|a|vitória|aquela|o|Alexandre|fechava|um|capítulo|da|história with|the|victory|that|the|Alexander|was closing|a|chapter|of the|history With that victory, Alexander closed a chapter of history Com essa vitória, Alexandre encerrava um capítulo da história

και συνάμα ξεκινούσε ένα καινούριο, e|ao mesmo tempo|começava|um|novo and|at the same time|was starting|a|new and at the same time began a new one, e ao mesmo tempo começava um novo,

αυτό της επέκτασης των κατακτήσεων πέρα από τα ιστορικά όρια του παλιού περσικού βασιλείου. isso|da|expansão|das|conquistas|além|de|os|históricos|limites|do|antigo|persa|reino this|of the|expansion|of the|conquests|beyond|from|the|historical|borders|of the|old|Persian|kingdom this expansion of conquests beyond the historical boundaries of the old Persian kingdom. isso da expansão das conquistas além dos limites históricos do antigo reino persa.