Chapter I. Kapitel I. Chapter I. 第一章 Rozdział I. Capítulo I. Глава I. Розділ перший. 第一章。

"Dear papa," said little Charles Crusoe to his father, one morning, "do you think that our family is any way related to the famous Robinson Crusoe?" "Дорогой папа, - спросил однажды утром маленький Чарльз Крузо у своего отца, - как ты думаешь, наша семья как-то связана со знаменитым Робинзоном Крузо?" "I believe not, Charles: but what may be your reason for inquiring?" "I believe not, Charles: but what may be your reason for inquiring?" "Creio que não, Charles: mas qual será a razão da tua pergunta?" "Не думаю, Чарльз, но какая у вас причина для расспросов?" "Because I have just been reading the history of Robinson Crusoe, which was in the packet of books my aunt sent me from England; and I did so very much love him and admire him, that I wished he had been my own great-great-grand-father, or something of that kind. "Because I have just been reading the history of Robinson Crusoe, which was in the packet of books my aunt sent me from England; and I did so very much love him and admire him, that I wished he had been my own great-great-grand-father, or something of that kind. "Потому что я только что читал историю Робинзона Крузо, которая была в пакете книг, присланных мне тетей из Англии; и я так полюбил его и восхитился им, что мне захотелось, чтобы он был моим прапрапрадедом или кем-то в этом роде. I was, however, afraid it was not so, because I know the Crusoes are a Staffordshire family, and he was a Yorkshireman; and the Crusoes were gentlemen, I suppose, when he was only a poor man." I was, however, afraid it was not so, because I know the Crusoes are a Staffordshire family, and he was a Yorkshireman; and the Crusoes were gentlemen, I suppose, when he was only a poor man." Однако я боялся, что это не так, потому что знаю, что Крузо - стаффордширская семья, а он был йоркширцем, и Крузо были джентльменами, я полагаю, когда он был всего лишь бедняком". "I believe you are right in your conjectures, my dear Charles, and by no means wrong in your feelings; for so delightful is the story of Robinson Crusoe, that not only as a boy, but a man, have I read it many a time over myself, with the deepest interest." "Věřím, že máš pravdu ve svých domněnkách, můj milý Charlesi, a v žádném případě se nemýlíš ve svých pocitech, protože příběh Robinsona Crusoe je tak rozkošný, že jsem si ho nejen jako chlapec, ale i jako muž mnohokrát s nejhlubším zaujetím přečetl." "I believe you are right in your conjectures, my dear Charles, and by no means wrong in your feelings; for so delightful is the story of Robinson Crusoe, that not only as a boy, but a man, have I read it many a time over myself, with the deepest interest." "Я думаю, вы правы в своих предположениях, мой дорогой Чарльз, и ни в коем случае не ошибаетесь в своих чувствах; ведь история Робинзона Крузо так восхитительна, что не только мальчиком, но и мужчиной я много раз перечитывал ее с глубочайшим интересом". "And you think it is all true, papa?" "И ты думаешь, что все это правда, папа?" "Not all, Charles. "Не все, Чарльз. In the first place, the name is not true; for the poor man who was really left in the desolate situation described, was called Alexander Selkirk; in the second, it is not true that he was shipwrecked, for the fact was, that his captain, to his eternal disgrace, put him on shore, in the year 1703, on the island of Juan Fernandez, at which place he was found, in 1709, by Captain Rogers of Bristol. Za prvé, jméno není pravdivé, neboť ubožák, který skutečně zůstal v popsané opuštěné situaci, se jmenoval Alexander Selkirk; za druhé, není pravda, že ztroskotal, neboť jeho kapitán ho ke své věčné hanbě vysadil na břeh v roce 1703 na ostrově Juan Fernandez, kde ho v roce 1709 našel kapitán Rogers z Bristolu. Во-первых, имя не соответствует действительности, поскольку беднягу, который действительно оказался в описанной ситуации, звали Александр Селькирк; во-вторых, неправда, что он потерпел кораблекрушение, поскольку дело в том, что его капитан, к его вечному позору, выбросил его на берег в 1703 году на острове Хуан-Фернандес, где он и был найден в 1709 году капитаном Роджерсом из Бристоля. He was a Scotchman by birth, and probably decently educated, as he was sailing-master of a privateer, at the time of this misfortune; but in giving his adventures to the world, thought proper to employ a clever man, called Daniel Defoe, already well known as a writer. Byl to rodilý Skot a pravděpodobně i slušně vzdělaný, protože v době tohoto neštěstí byl kapitánem plavby na soukromé lodi, ale když chtěl světu sdělit svá dobrodružství, považoval za vhodné zaměstnat chytrého muže jménem Daniel Defoe, který byl již známý jako spisovatel. He was a Scotchman by birth, and probably decently educated, as he was sailing-master of a privateer, at the time of this misfortune; but in giving his adventures to the world, thought proper to employ a clever man, called Daniel Defoe, already well known as a writer. Он был шотландцем по происхождению и, вероятно, получил приличное образование, поскольку во время этого несчастья был капитаном каперского судна; но, чтобы поведать миру о своих приключениях, он решил нанять умного человека по имени Даниэль Дефо, уже хорошо известного как писатель. This author compiled the story of Robinson Crusoe, therefore, partly from the real situation of Selkirk, and partly from the experience of other adventurers; so that although it is not true as a whole, it probably is so in all its details; and it is certain, that he has thrown over it such an air of reality, it is impossible for the mind of any reader not to assent to the whole." Tento autor tedy sestavil příběh Robinsona Crusoe částečně ze skutečné situace Selkirka a částečně ze zkušeností jiných dobrodruhů, takže ačkoli není pravdivý jako celek, pravděpodobně je takový ve všech svých detailech; a je jisté, že mu vtiskl takový nádech skutečnosti, že je nemožné, aby s ním čtenář nesouhlasil." This author compiled the story of Robinson Crusoe, therefore, partly from the real situation of Selkirk, and partly from the experience of other adventurers; so that although it is not true as a whole, it probably is so in all its details; and it is certain, that he has thrown over it such an air of reality, it is impossible for the mind of any reader not to assent to the whole." Таким образом, этот автор составил историю о Робинзоне Крузо частично из реальной ситуации Селкирка, а частично из опыта других искателей приключений; так что, хотя она и не является правдивой в целом, она, вероятно, такова во всех своих деталях; и несомненно, что он набросил на нее такую атмосферу реальности, что невозможно, чтобы ум любого читателя не согласился со всем этим". "I am much obliged to you for telling me all this, papa; but if you won’t think me childish, I shall choose to believe it all true, the same as I used to do. "Jsem ti moc vděčná, že jsi mi to všechno řekl, tatínku, ale jestli si nebudeš myslet, že jsem dětinská, budu tomu věřit stejně jako dřív. "I am much obliged to you for telling me all this, papa; but if you won't think me childish, I shall choose to believe it all true, the same as I used to do. "Я очень благодарна тебе за то, что ты рассказал мне все это, папа; но если ты не сочтешь меня ребенком, я предпочту верить во все это, как и раньше. I love Robinson Crusoe dearly, he was so courageous, and active, and ingenious; he had so many clever contrivances in his hut, and such droll ways of dressing himself; and then he tamed the creatures so as to be quite companions to him. I love Robinson Crusoe dearly, he was so courageous, and active, and ingenious; he had so many clever contrivances in his hut, and such droll ways of dressing himself; and then he tamed the creatures so as to be quite companions to him. I shall always think of him when I teach the parrot to talk, and the monkey to play tricks. I shall always think of him when I teach the parrot to talk, and the monkey to play tricks. Perhaps I may be thrown on a desolate island myself, some day, you know, papa." Perhaps I may be thrown on a desolate island myself, some day, you know, papa." Возможно, когда-нибудь я и сам окажусь на пустынном острове, понимаешь, папа?" "To judge from your countenance, Charles, such a fate would be by no means disagreeable to you." "Soudě podle tvého výrazu, Charlesi, by ti takový osud nebyl vůbec nepříjemný." "To judge from your countenance, Charles, such a fate would be by no means disagreeable to you." "Судя по вашему лицу, Чарльз, такая участь была бы вам отнюдь не по душе". "Why really, papa, I think I should not much mind it, provided I had a gun, and plenty of powder, and knew how to use it." "Opravdu, tati, myslím, že by mi to nevadilo, kdybych měl zbraň, spoustu střelného prachu a uměl s ní zacházet." "Why really, papa, I think I should not much mind it, provided I had a gun, and plenty of powder, and knew how to use it." "Да что ты, папа, я и не против, если у меня будет ружье, много пороха и я буду знать, как им пользоваться". "Well, my boy, though I sincerely hope that you will never be left, either on a desolate island, or in any other situation which cuts you off from the comforts of social life, which are of much more importance than a child like you can estimate, yet I am glad that you are of an active, enterprising disposition. "Well, my boy, though I sincerely hope that you will never be left, either on a desolate island, or in any other situation which cuts you off from the comforts of social life, which are of much more importance than a child like you can estimate, yet I am glad that you are of an active, enterprising disposition. "Что ж, мой мальчик, хотя я искренне надеюсь, что ты никогда не останешься ни на пустынном острове, ни в какой-либо другой ситуации, лишающей тебя удобств общественной жизни, которые имеют гораздо большее значение, чем может оценить такой ребенок, как ты, я все же рад, что у тебя активный, предприимчивый нрав. Let our situation be ever so desperate, we should never despair; and if it were ever so lonely, we yet know that there is One above, who can hear our prayers, and reply to them also, by delivering us from our afflictions. Ať je naše situace sebevíc zoufalá, nikdy bychom si neměli zoufat; a kdyby byla sebevíc osamělá, víme, že nahoře je Někdo, kdo může vyslyšet naše modlitby a také na ně odpovědět tím, že nás vysvobodí z našeho trápení. Let our situation be ever so desperate, we should never despair; and if it were ever so lonely, we yet know that there is One above, who can hear our prayers, and reply to them also, by delivering us from our afflictions.

The father and son now separated, for Mr. Crusoe, who was an English merchant resident at Bombay, in the East Indies, had some particular business to attend to. The father and son now separated, for Mr. Crusoe, who was an English merchant resident at Bombay, in the East Indies, had some particular business to attend to. Charles, however, repeated the conversation (with many comments of his own) to his sister Emily, and even his mamma, who took some pains in pointing out to him the obligations he was under to the friends and servants by whom he was surrounded, and how impossible it would be, for a person accustomed like himself to the comforts and elegancies of life, to subsist in a state of utter destitution. Charles však tento rozhovor zopakoval (s mnoha vlastními poznámkami) své sestře Emily a dokonce i mamince, která ho s námahou upozornila na to, jaké má závazky vůči přátelům a služebnictvu, jimiž je obklopen, a jak je nemožné, aby člověk zvyklý jako on na pohodlí a eleganci života přežíval v naprosté bídě. Charles, however, repeated the conversation (with many comments of his own) to his sister Emily, and even his mamma, who took some pains in pointing out to him the obligations he was under to the friends and servants by whom he was surrounded, and how impossible it would be, for a person accustomed like himself to the comforts and elegancies of life, to subsist in a state of utter destitution.

Charles soon was brought to acknowledge that he should want a great many things, and that he should be very unhappy if deprived of his parents and friends; but he had adopted very high notions of the power of man’s endurance, and he maintained that persons of his sex ought, and could, go through a great deal without repining. Karel si brzy uvědomil, že mu bude mnoho věcí chybět a že by byl velmi nešťastný, kdyby přišel o rodiče a přátele, ale měl velmi vysoké představy o síle lidské výdrže a tvrdil, že lidé jeho pohlaví by měli a mohli mnohé přežít bez výčitek. Charles soon was brought to acknowledge that he should want a great many things, and that he should be very unhappy if deprived of his parents and friends; but he had adopted very high notions of the power of man's endurance, and he maintained that persons of his sex ought, and could, go through a great deal without repining.

Mrs. Crusoe smiled at his enthusiasm, but would not repress it further than was necessary; for, like his father, she sought to turn it to a good account. Paní Crusoeová se jeho nadšení usmívala, ale nepotlačovala ho víc, než bylo nutné, protože se ho stejně jako jeho otec snažila obrátit k dobrému. Mrs. Crusoe smiled at his enthusiasm, but would not repress it further than was necessary; for, like his father, she sought to turn it to a good account. Whenever, therefore, she saw Charles listless and indolent, desirous of calling his servant to do that which he could do for himself, negligent of his lessons, or averse to exercise, which are all common failings in the east, she used to assure him "that he never would do for a Robinson Crusoe." Kdykoli tedy viděla Charlese netečného a lhostejného, toužícího povolat svého sluhu k tomu, co by mohl udělat sám, zanedbávajícího vyučování nebo s odporem k pohybu, což jsou na Východě běžné nedostatky, ujišťovala ho, "že nikdy nebude dělat Robinsona Crusoe". Whenever, therefore, she saw Charles listless and indolent, desirous of calling his servant to do that which he could do for himself, negligent of his lessons, or averse to exercise, which are all common failings in the east, she used to assure him "that he never would do for a Robinson Crusoe." This observation frequently roused him to exertion; and of course his sensible and affectionate parents were glad to awaken in him those energies which are so necessary to every young person, but especially to boys who are so situated. Toto pozorování ho často podněcovalo k námaze a jeho citliví a láskyplní rodiče v něm samozřejmě rádi probouzeli energii, která je tak potřebná pro každého mladého člověka, ale zvláště pro chlapce v takovém postavení.

Our young friend was, at this time, about ten years old, and was happily blest with an excellent constitution, which the cares of his mother preserved to him, though they were not equally effective for her daughter, who was about two years younger, and was very delicate. When indeed she had attained her tenth year, the little girl became so poorly, that the medical men entreated Mrs. Crusoe to set out with her for England; and accordingly they departed for their native land, at a very short notice.

Mr. Crusoe wished much to give his son the benefit of an English education, but he could not at this period bring himself to part with the only comfort which remained to him: and as he resolved to settle his affairs as speedily as possible, and follow his lady, he thought Charles would not be any great loser by the delay, especially as he shared with a young friend the cares of a very excellent tutor. Pan Crusoe si velmi přál, aby jeho syn získal anglické vzdělání, ale nemohl se v této době přimět k tomu, aby se rozloučil s jedinou útěchou, která mu zbývala, a protože se rozhodl co nejrychleji vyřídit své záležitosti a následovat svou paní, myslel si, že Charles nebude mít zpožděním žádnou velkou ztrátu, zvláště když se s mladým přítelem dělí o péči velmi vynikajícího vychovatele. Under these circumstances, therefore, the boy remained at Bombay about a year and a half longer, when, with his dear father, who was now become almost his sole companion, he set out for England, having previously visited Elephanta, and whatever was most beautiful in the environs of Bombay. Za těchto okolností zůstal chlapec v Bombaji asi o rok a půl déle, než se se svým drahým otcem, který se nyní stal jeho téměř jediným společníkem, vydal na cestu do Anglie, přičemž předtím navštívil Elefantu a vše, co bylo v okolí Bombaje nejkrásnější.