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Spotlight August&September/2011, (Spotlight4764)Justice: The Story of Mapule Ramashala 19 September, 2011

(Spotlight4764)Justice: The Story of Mapule Ramashala 19 September, 2011

Voice 1

Welcome to Spotlight. I'm Ruby Jones. Voice 2

And I'm Steve Myersco. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.

Voice 1

Mapule Ramashala is from the country of South Africa. She grew up during the time of Apartheid law. This system of law kept people of different races or skin colors separate. The laws favored the white race. And this made life for non-white South Africans very difficult.

Voice 2

Mapule was a black South African who suffered many injustices under the Apartheid laws. However, she has spent much of her life working to heal the pain that apartheid caused all South Africans. Today's Spotlight program will look at the life of Mapule Ramashala and her understanding of community justice. Voice 1

Apartheid law began in South Africa in 1948. The government passed many laws to segregate or separate the races. They made it illegal for a person to marry someone of another race. Everyone in South Africa had to carry their passport at all times in order to identify their race. And different races were forced to live in separate areas.

Voice 2

These laws and many others made racial discrimination legal. People were treated differently and divided just because of their skin color.

Voice 1

In 1959, the government passed the Extension of University Act. This Act denied non-white students the freedom to choose which University they wanted to attend. Mapule wrote about how this law affected her,

Voice 3

"I was in the middle of doing my Masters degree at the University of Witwatersrand in 1964. Then, I received a letter from the government. It said I was to take all my property and leave the university immediately." Voice 2

Mapule was very shocked. She was going to school for her Masters degree in Clinical Psychology. She wanted to help people achieve mental health by preventing and repairing psychological damage. And the University of Witwatersrand was the only school in South Africa that offered this degree. Mapule wrote,

Voice 3

"You could not leave the country and you could not study in the country." Voice 1

Mapule knew that this law was not right. So, she asked the University to present a legal case for her against the government. The University agreed. And they won the case. However, the government did not apologize. Mapule wrote,

Voice 3

"The government lost the case. But it stated very clearly that when I finished my Masters I was to leave the university." Voice 2

Sadly, after Mapule finished her degree, she was not able to find a job in South Africa because of her race. This story of injustice is only one of many Mapule experienced in her life. And Mapule is only one of millions of non-whites in South Africa who suffered under Apartheid law.

Voice 1

In 1994, Nelson Mandela was elected the first black South African president. He finished the process of ending Apartheid law in South Africa.

Voice 2

However, ending the harmful laws did not mean that the country was healed. For almost fifty years, all South Africans suffered from racial discrimination and segregation. And the country was still divided.

Voice 1

So, the new government of South Africa decided to form an organization called the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Archbishop Desmond Tutu led this commission of South African leaders. And Mapule was also a member.

Voice 2

This commission was like a public court. They investigated acts of violence and human rights abuses under Apartheid law. The commission invited both victims and wrong doers to tell the truth about terrible things they experienced and did during the Apartheid. The commission also considered how the victims, wrong doers and even communities could reconcile - how they could live together in peace.

Voice 1

Mapule explained the difficulties the Commission faced. One issue was that there were just too many terrible acts that happened because of Apartheid. There was no way the commission could hear them all. So, they limited their hearings to the worst and most recent acts.

Voice 2

Another issue with the process was amnesty. The commission gave amnesty to any wrong doer that completely told the truth during a hearing. This meant that criminals would not be punished by the government for their crimes during Apartheid. At first, many people, including Mapule, felt that amnesty for criminals was not fair. However, the commission recognized that they would never learn the truth unless they gave amnesty.

Voice 1

Mapule came to recognize and agree with a South African judge's ruling that, Voice 3

"This process was not about punishing wrong doers. It was about moving our country forward and about knowing what really happened." Voice 2

Mapule was proud of the fact that the commission brought much forgiveness and reconciliation. She thought it was amazing how so many victims forgave their offenders once they told the truth. And the commission worked hard to find ways that the wrong doers could repair damage they caused their victims.

Voice 1

The process of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission was not perfect. However, it did begin to repair the damage caused by so many years of discrimination and segregation. It also provided a different example of how individuals can react to conflict. And this example can be seen in Mapule's own life. Voice 2

One day, Mapule was visting the country of Rwanda with the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. While there, she received a telephone call with horrible news. Someone had burned down Mapule's house. Voice 1

You see, Mapule had recently moved into a traditionally white area of South Africa. Many white people did not think she belonged in this area.

Voice 2

While Mapule was away, 60 young white people entered her house. They damaged the house badly and finally burned it. When asked why they did this act, they said they had done it for fun!

Voice 1

The police arrested 12 of the boys responsible. However, when Mapule returned to South Africa she decided not to press charges against the boys. Many people disagreed with Mapule. They wanted Mapule to seek revenge by sending the boys to prison for their crime.

Voice 2

But Mapule had a very different idea. She gathered the parents of the boys and the boys together. She told the group about the kind of justice she wanted. She said,

Voice 3

"You are still going to take responsibility for what you have done, and my house will be rebuilt and you will be responsible for organizing the money to rebuild the house. However, I also want you to find people in the community, like older people, who are in need, and work out how the boys can serve them." Voice 1

Mapule also made the boys write a report for her every six months. In this report, they wrote about what was happening in their lives and in school.

Voice 2

Through this process, the boys rebuilt Mapule's house. They also served other people in the community. However, Mapule was also able to build relationships with the boys and the community. The people of the community came to respect her.

Voice 1

This process took much effort by Mapule. It would have been easier for her to let the government punish the boys. However, her way provided reconciliation between the boys, Mapule and the community.

Voice 2

Mapule encourages others be part of such reconciliation. She writes,

Voice 3

"...As individuals, we cannot be distant. We have to be involved, we have to change opinions ...Reconciliation is not a huge national idea. It has to start at the individual level. People have to communicate with one another." Voice 1

The writer of this program was Robin Basselin. The producer was Ryan Geertsma. All quotes were adapted and voiced by Spotlight. Computer users can visit our website at http://www.Radio.English.net. This program is called "Justice: The Story of Mapule Ramashala."


(Spotlight4764)Justice: The Story of Mapule Ramashala 19 September, 2011 (Spotlight4764)Gerechtigkeit: Die Geschichte von Mapule Ramashala 19 September, 2011 (Spotlight4764)Justicia: La historia de Mapule Ramashala 19 septiembre, 2011 (Spotlight4764)Justice : L'histoire de Mapule Ramashala 19 septembre 2011 (Spotlight4764)Giustizia: La storia di Mapule Ramashala 19 settembre 2011 (スポットライト 4764) 正義: マプル ラマシャラの物語 2011 年 9 月 19 日 (Spotlight4764)Justiça: A história de Mapule Ramashala 19 setembro, 2011 (Spotlight4764)Справедливость: История Мапуле Рамашала 19 сентября 2011 г. (Spotlight4764)Adalet: Mapule Ramashala'nın Hikayesi 19 Eylül, 2011

Voice 1

Welcome to Spotlight. I'm Ruby Jones. Voice 2

And I'm Steve Myersco. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.

Voice 1

Mapule Ramashala is from the country of South Africa. She grew up during the time of Apartheid law. 彼女はアパルトヘイト法の時代に育ちました。 This system of law kept people of different races or skin colors separate. この法制度により、人種や肌の色が異なる人々が隔離されていました。 The laws favored the white race. 法律は白人を優遇した。 And this made life for non-white South Africans very difficult. そしてこれは、白人ではない南アフリカ人の生活を非常に困難なものにしました。

Voice 2

Mapule was a black South African who suffered many injustices under the Apartheid laws. Mapule は黒人の南アフリカ人で、アパルトヘイト法の下で多くの不当な扱いを受けました。 However, she has spent much of her life working to heal the pain that apartheid caused all South Africans. しかし、彼女はアパルトヘイトがすべての南アフリカ人にもたらした痛みを癒すために、人生の多くを費やしてきました。 Today's Spotlight program will look at the life of Mapule Ramashala and her understanding of community justice. 今日のスポットライト プログラムでは、Mapule Rashala の人生とコミュニティの正義に対する彼女の理解に注目します。 Voice 1

Apartheid law began in South Africa in 1948. The government passed many laws to segregate or separate the races. 政府は、人種を分離または分離するために多くの法律を可決しました。 They made it illegal for a person to marry someone of another race. 彼らは、人が別の人種の人と結婚することを違法にしました。 Everyone in South Africa had to carry their passport at all times in order to identify their race. 南アフリカでは、人種を識別するためにパスポートを常に携帯する必要がありました。 And different races were forced to live in separate areas. そして、異なる人種は別々の地域に住むことを余儀なくされました。

Voice 2

These laws and many others made racial discrimination legal. これらの法律やその他の多くの法律により、人種差別が合法化されました。 People were treated differently and divided just because of their skin color. 肌の色だけで、人々は異なる扱いを受け、分断されました。

Voice 1

In 1959, the government passed the Extension of University Act. 1959 年、政府は大学法の延長を可決しました。 This Act denied non-white students the freedom to choose which University they wanted to attend. この法律は、白人以外の学生がどの大学に行きたいかを選択する自由を否定しました。 Mapule wrote about how this law affected her, Mapule は、この法律が彼女にどのような影響を与えたかについて書いています。

Voice 3

"I was in the middle of doing my Masters degree at the University of Witwatersrand in 1964. 「私は 1964 年にウィットウォータースランド大学で修士号を取得している最中でした。 Then, I received a letter from the government. It said I was to take all my property and leave the university immediately." 全財産を没収し、大学を退学するようにと書かれていました。」 Voice 2

Mapule was very shocked. She was going to school for her Masters degree in Clinical Psychology. 彼女は臨床心理学の修士号を取得するために学校に通っていました。 She wanted to help people achieve mental health by preventing and repairing psychological damage. 彼女は、心理的損傷を予防および修復することにより、人々が精神的健康を達成できるよう支援したいと考えていました。 And the University of Witwatersrand was the only school in South Africa that offered this degree. ウィットウォータースランド大学は、この学位を提供する南アフリカで唯一の学校でした。 Mapule wrote,

Voice 3

"You could not leave the country and you could not study in the country." 「あなたは国を出ることも、その国で勉強することもできませんでした。」 Voice 1

Mapule knew that this law was not right. Mapule は、この法律が正しくないことを知っていました。 So, she asked the University to present a legal case for her against the government. それで、彼女は大学に、政府に対して訴訟を起こすように依頼しました。 The University agreed. And they won the case. そして彼らは勝訴した。 However, the government did not apologize. しかし、政府は謝罪しなかった。 Mapule wrote,

Voice 3

"The government lost the case. 「政府は敗訴した。 But it stated very clearly that when I finished my Masters I was to leave the university." しかし、修士課程を修了したら大学を辞めることが非常に明確に述べられていました。」 Voice 2

Sadly, after Mapule finished her degree, she was not able to find a job in South Africa because of her race. 悲しいことに、Mapule は学位を取得した後、人種のために南アフリカで仕事を見つけることができませんでした。 This story of injustice is only one of many Mapule experienced in her life. この不正の話は、メイプルが人生で経験した多くの話の 1 つにすぎません。 And Mapule is only one of millions of non-whites in South Africa who suffered under Apartheid law. Mapule は、アパルトヘイト法の下で苦しんだ南アフリカの何百万人もの非白人の 1 人にすぎません。

Voice 1

In 1994, Nelson Mandela was elected the first black South African president. 1994 年、ネルソン マンデラが南アフリカ初の黒人大統領に選出されました。 He finished the process of ending Apartheid law in South Africa. 彼は、南アフリカのアパルトヘイト法を終わらせるプロセスを完了しました。

Voice 2

However, ending the harmful laws did not mean that the country was healed. しかし、有害な法律を終わらせたからといって、国が癒されたわけではありません。 For almost fifty years, all South Africans suffered from racial discrimination and segregation. ほぼ 50 年間、すべての南アフリカ人は人種差別と隔離に苦しんでいました。 And the country was still divided. そして、国はまだ分割されていました。

Voice 1

So, the new government of South Africa decided to form an organization called the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. そのため、南アフリカの新政府は、真実和解委員会と呼ばれる組織を設立することを決定しました。 Archbishop Desmond Tutu led this commission of South African leaders. デズモンド ツツ大司教は、南アフリカの指導者たちによるこの委員会を率いました。 And Mapule was also a member.

Voice 2

This commission was like a public court. They investigated acts of violence and human rights abuses under Apartheid law. 彼らは、アパルトヘイト法の下での暴力行為と人権侵害を調査しました。 The commission invited both victims and wrong doers to tell the truth about terrible things they experienced and did during the Apartheid. 委員会は、アパルトヘイト時代に経験し、行った恐ろしいことについて、被害者と悪行者の両方に真実を語るよう呼びかけました。 The commission also considered how the victims, wrong doers and even communities could reconcile - how they could live together in peace. 委員会はまた、被害者、不正行為者、さらには地域社会がどのように和解できるか、つまり彼らが平和に共存できる方法についても検討しました。

Voice 1

Mapule explained the difficulties the Commission faced. One issue was that there were just too many terrible acts that happened because of Apartheid. 問題の 1 つは、アパルトヘイトのせいであまりにも多くのひどい行為が行われたことです。 There was no way the commission could hear them all. 委員会がそれらすべてを聞くことができる方法はありませんでした。 So, they limited their hearings to the worst and most recent acts. そのため、彼らは聴聞会を最悪の最新の行為に限定しました。

Voice 2

Another issue with the process was amnesty. このプロセスに関するもう 1 つの問題は恩赦でした。 The commission gave amnesty to any wrong doer that completely told the truth during a hearing. 委員会は、公聴会で完全に真実を語った不正行為者に恩赦を与えました。 Komisyon, bir duruşma sırasında gerçeği tamamen söyleyen herhangi bir yanlış yapana af verdi. This meant that criminals would not be punished by the government for their crimes during Apartheid. これは、犯罪者がアパルトヘイト時代の犯罪に対して政府によって罰せられないことを意味していました。 At first, many people, including Mapule, felt that amnesty for criminals was not fair. 当初、Mapule を含む多くの人々は、犯罪者に対する恩赦は公平ではないと感じていました。 However, the commission recognized that they would never learn the truth unless they gave amnesty. しかし、委員会は、恩赦を与えない限り、彼らが真実を学ぶことは決してないだろうと認識しました.

Voice 1

Mapule came to recognize and agree with a South African judge's ruling that, Mapule は、南アフリカの裁判官の次の判決を認識し、同意するようになりました。 Voice 3

"This process was not about punishing wrong doers. 「このプロセスは、不正行為者を罰するためのものではありませんでした。 It was about moving our country forward and about knowing what really happened." 私たちの国を前進させ、実際に何が起こったのかを知ることでした。」 Voice 2

Mapule was proud of the fact that the commission brought much forgiveness and reconciliation. Mapule は、委員会が多くの許しと和解をもたらしたことを誇りに思っていました。 She thought it was amazing how so many victims forgave their offenders once they told the truth. 彼女は、真実を話した後、これほど多くの被害者が加害者を許したことは驚くべきことだと思いました。 And the commission worked hard to find ways that the wrong doers could repair damage they caused their victims. そして、委員会は、悪行者が被害者に与えた損害を修復する方法を見つけるために懸命に働きました。

Voice 1

The process of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission was not perfect. However, it did begin to repair the damage caused by so many years of discrimination and segregation. しかし、長年にわたる差別と隔離によって引き起こされたダメージを修復し始めました。 It also provided a different example of how individuals can react to conflict. また、個人が紛争にどのように反応できるかについての別の例も提供しました。 And this example can be seen in Mapule's own life. そして、この例は Mapule 自身の生活の中で見ることができます。 Voice 2

One day, Mapule was visting the country of Rwanda with the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. ある日、マプルは真実和解委員会と共にルワンダの国を訪れていた。 While there, she received a telephone call with horrible news. Someone had burned down Mapule's house. 何者かがメイプルの家を焼き払った。 Voice 1

You see, Mapule had recently moved into a traditionally white area of South Africa. ご覧のとおり、Mapule は最近、南アフリカの伝統的に白い地域に移動しました。 Many white people did not think she belonged in this area. 多くの白人は、彼女がこの地域に属しているとは考えていませんでした.

Voice 2

While Mapule was away, 60 young white people entered her house. Mapule が留守の間、60 人の白人の若者が彼女の家に侵入しました。 They damaged the house badly and finally burned it. When asked why they did this act, they said they had done it for fun! なぜこの行為をしたのかと尋ねられたとき、彼らは楽しみのためにそれをしたと言いました!

Voice 1

The police arrested 12 of the boys responsible. 警察は犯人の少年のうち 12 人を逮捕した。 However, when Mapule returned to South Africa she decided not to press charges against the boys. しかし、Mapule が南アフリカに戻ったとき、彼女は少年たちを起訴しないことに決めました。 Many people disagreed with Mapule. They wanted Mapule to seek revenge by sending the boys to prison for their crime. 彼らは、犯罪のために少年たちを刑務所に送ることによって、マプールに復讐を求めてほしかった.

Voice 2

But Mapule had a very different idea. しかし、Mapule は非常に異なる考えを持っていました。 She gathered the parents of the boys and the boys together. She told the group about the kind of justice she wanted. 彼女は自分が望んでいる正義の種類についてグループに話しました. She said,

Voice 3

"You are still going to take responsibility for what you have done, and my house will be rebuilt and you will be responsible for organizing the money to rebuild the house. 「あなたは自分がしたことに対して引き続き責任を負うことになり、私の家は再建され、家を再建するための資金を組織する責任があります. However, I also want you to find people in the community, like older people, who are in need, and work out how the boys can serve them." しかし、高齢者のように助けを必要としている人々をコミュニティで見つけて、少年たちが彼らにどのように奉仕できるかを考え出してほしい.」 Voice 1

Mapule also made the boys write a report for her every six months. Mapule はまた、男の子たちに 6 か月ごとにレポートを書かせました。 In this report, they wrote about what was happening in their lives and in school.

Voice 2

Through this process, the boys rebuilt Mapule's house. They also served other people in the community. However, Mapule was also able to build relationships with the boys and the community. The people of the community came to respect her.

Voice 1

This process took much effort by Mapule. Mapule は、このプロセスに多くの労力を費やしました。 It would have been easier for her to let the government punish the boys. 政府に少年たちを処罰させる方が、彼女にとってより簡単だったでしょう。 However, her way provided reconciliation between the boys, Mapule and the community. しかし、彼女のやり方は、少年たち、Mapule、コミュニティの間で和解をもたらしました.

Voice 2

Mapule encourages others be part of such reconciliation. Mapule は、他の人がそのような和解の一部になることを奨励しています。 She writes,

Voice 3

"...As individuals, we cannot be distant. 「……個人として、私たちは離れることはできません。 We have to be involved, we have to change opinions ...Reconciliation is not a huge national idea. 私たちは関与しなければならず、意見を変えなければなりません...和解は大きな国家的な考えではありません。 It has to start at the individual level. それは個人レベルから始めなければなりません。 People have to communicate with one another." 人々は互いにコミュニケーションを取らなければなりません。」 Voice 1

The writer of this program was Robin Basselin. The producer was Ryan Geertsma. All quotes were adapted and voiced by Spotlight. Computer users can visit our website at http://www.Radio.English.net. This program is called "Justice: The Story of Mapule Ramashala."