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Four Great Americans: Washington, Franklin, Webster, Lincoln. A Book for Young Americans by James Baldwin, THE STORY OF GEORGE WASHINGTON. XIV.—THE FIRST PRESIDENT.

THE STORY OF GEORGE WASHINGTON. XIV.—THE FIRST PRESIDENT.

Washington was now fifty-two years old.

The country was still in an unsettled condition. True, it was free from English control. But there was no strong government to hold the states together.

Each state was a little country of itself, making its own laws, and having its own selfish aims without much regard for its sister states. People did not think of the United States as one great undivided nation.

And so matters were in bad enough shape, and they grew worse and worse as the months went by.

Wise men saw that unless something should be done to bring about a closer union of the states, they would soon be in no better condition than when ruled by the English king.

And so a great convention was held in Philadelphia to determine what could be done to save the country from ruin. George Washington was chosen to preside over this convention; and no man's words had greater weight than his. He said, "Let us raise a standard to which the wise and honest can repair. The event is in the hand of God." That convention did a great and wonderful work; for it framed the Constitution by which our country has ever since been governed.

And soon afterwards, in accordance with that Constitution, the people of the country were called upon to elect a President. Who should it be?

Who could it be but Washington?

When the electoral votes were counted, every vote was for George Washington of Virginia.

And so, on the 16th of April, 1789, the great man again bade adieu to Mount Vernon and to private life, and set out for New York. For the city of Washington had not yet been built, and New York was the first capital of our country.

There were no railroads at that time, and so the journey was made in a coach. All along the road the people gathered to see their hero-president and show him their love.

On the 30th of April he was inaugurated at the old Federal Hall in New York.

"Long live George Washington, President of the United States!" shouted the people. Then the cannon roared, the bells rang, and the new government of the United States—the government which we have to-day—began its existence.

Washington was fifty-seven years old at the time of his inauguration.

Perhaps no man was ever called to the doing of more difficult things. The entire government must be built up from the beginning, and all its machinery put into order.

But so well did he meet the expectations of the people, that when his first term was near its close he was again elected President, receiving every electoral vote.

In your histories you will learn of the many difficult tasks which he performed during those years of the nation's infancy. There were new troubles with England, troubles with the Indians, jealousies and disagreements among the lawmakers of the country. But amidst all these trials Washington stood steadfast, wise, cool—conscious that he was right, and strong enough to prevail.

Before the end of his second term, people began to talk about electing him for the third time. They could not think of any other man holding the highest office in the country. They feared that no other man could be safely entrusted with the great responsibilities which he had borne so nobly.

But Washington declared that he would not accept office again. The government was now on a firm footing. There were others who could manage its affairs wisely and well.

And so, in September, 1796, he published his Farewell Address. It was full of wise and wholesome advice.

"Beware of attacks upon the Constitution. Beware of those who think more of their party than of their country. Promote education. Observe justice. Treat with good faith all nations. Adhere to the right. Be united—be united. Love your country." These were some of the things that he said.

John Adams, who had been Vice-President eight years, was chosen to be the new President, and Washington again retired to Mount Vernon.

THE STORY OF GEORGE WASHINGTON. XIV.—THE FIRST PRESIDENT. DIE GESCHICHTE VON GEORGE WASHINGTON. XIV.-DER ERSTE PRÄSIDENT. LA HISTORIA DE GEORGE WASHINGTON. XIV.-EL PRIMER PRESIDENTE. L'HISTOIRE DE GEORGE WASHINGTON. XIV - LE PREMIER PRÉSIDENT. LA STORIA DI GEORGE WASHINGTON. XIV.-IL PRIMO PRESIDENTE. ジョージ・ワシントンの物語14.初代大統領 ИСТОРИЯ ДЖОРДЖА ВАШИНГТОНА. XIV.- ПЕРВЫЙ ПРЕЗИДЕНТ. GEORGE WASHINGTON'IN HİKAYESİ. XIV.-ILK BAŞKAN. ІСТОРІЯ ДЖОРДЖА ВАШИНГТОНА. XIV. ПЕРШИЙ ПРЕЗИДЕНТ. 乔治·华盛顿的故事。 XIV.—第一任总统。

Washington was now fifty-two years old. Washington artık elli iki yaşındaydı.

The country was still in an unsettled condition. Das Land befand sich noch immer in einem unruhigen Zustand. O país estava ainda numa situação instável. Ülke hâlâ huzursuz bir durumdaydı. Країна все ще перебувала в неспокійному стані. 国家仍处于动荡不安的状态。 True, it was free from English control. É verdade que estava livre do controlo inglês. Doğru, İngiliz kontrolünden kurtulmuştu. Щоправда, воно було вільне від англійського контролю. But there was no strong government to hold the states together. Ancak eyaletleri bir arada tutacak güçlü bir hükümet yoktu. Але не було сильного уряду, який би тримав штати разом.

Each state was a little country of itself, making its own laws, and having its own selfish aims without much regard for its sister states. Cada Estado era um pequeno país de si próprio, fazendo as suas próprias leis e tendo os seus próprios objectivos egoístas, sem grande consideração pelos seus Estados irmãos. Her eyalet kendi başına küçük bir ülkeydi, kendi yasalarını yapıyordu ve kardeş eyaletleri pek umursamadan kendi bencil amaçlarına sahipti. Кожна держава була окремою маленькою країною, створювала власні закони та мала власні егоїстичні цілі, не звертаючи особливої уваги на сестринські держави. 每个州都是自己的一个小国家,制定自己的法律,有自己自私的目标,不太考虑其姐妹州。 People did not think of the United States as one great undivided nation. As pessoas não pensavam nos Estados Unidos como uma grande nação indivisa. İnsanlar Birleşik Devletler'i bölünmemiş büyük bir ulus olarak düşünmüyordu.

And so matters were in bad enough shape, and they grew worse and worse as the months went by. Assim, a situação já era bastante má e foi-se agravando com o passar dos meses. İşler yeterince kötü durumdaydı ve aylar geçtikçe daha da kötüleşti. І тому справи були в досить поганому стані, і вони ставали все гіршими й гіршими з місяцями. 因此,事情的情况已经够糟的了,而且随着时间的推移,情况变得越来越糟。

Wise men saw that unless something should be done to bring about a closer union of the states, they would soon be in no better condition than when ruled by the English king. Os sábios aperceberam-se de que, a não ser que se fizesse alguma coisa para criar uma união mais estreita entre os Estados, em breve estes não estariam em melhores condições do que quando eram governados pelo rei inglês. Akil adamlar, eyaletlerin daha yakın bir birlik oluşturması için bir şeyler yapılmazsa, kısa süre içinde İngiliz kralı tarafından yönetildikleri zamankinden daha iyi bir durumda olmayacaklarını gördüler. Мудрі люди бачили, що якщо нічого не буде зроблено для досягнення тіснішого союзу держав, незабаром вони будуть у не кращому стані, ніж коли правитиме англійський король. 智者们看到,除非采取措施使各州更紧密地联合起来,否则他们的处境很快就不会比英国国王统治时更好。

And so a great convention was held in Philadelphia to determine what could be done to save the country from ruin. Assim, foi realizada uma grande convenção em Filadélfia para determinar o que poderia ser feito para salvar o país da ruína. Ve böylece ülkeyi yıkımdan kurtarmak için neler yapılabileceğini belirlemek üzere Philadelphia'da büyük bir kongre düzenlendi. І тому у Філадельфії відбувся великий з’їзд, щоб визначити, що можна зробити, щоб врятувати країну від краху. George Washington was chosen to preside over this convention; and no man's words had greater weight than his. George Washington foi escolhido para presidir a esta convenção; e as palavras de ninguém tinham mais peso do que as dele. Bu kongreye başkanlık etmesi için George Washington seçildi ve hiç kimsenin sözleri onunkinden daha büyük bir ağırlığa sahip değildi. Джордж Вашингтон був обраний головувати на цьому з'їзді; і слова жодної людини не мали більшої ваги, ніж його. He said, "Let us raise a standard to which the wise and honest can repair. Ele disse: "Vamos elevar um padrão para o qual os sábios e honestos possam reparar. Dedi ki, "Akıllı ve dürüst olanların onarabileceği bir standart oluşturalım. Він сказав: «Давайте підіймемо стандарт, до якого мудрі й чесні зможуть підійти. 他说:“让我们提高一个明智而诚实的人可以达到的标准。 The event is in the hand of God." O acontecimento está nas mãos de Deus". Olay Tanrı'nın elindedir." Подія в руці Божій». 事件掌握在上帝手中。” That convention did a great and wonderful work; for it framed the Constitution by which our country has ever since been governed. Essa convenção realizou um grande e maravilhoso trabalho, pois elaborou a Constituição pela qual o nosso país tem sido governado desde então. Bu kongre büyük ve harika bir iş yaptı; çünkü ülkemizin o zamandan beri yönetildiği Anayasa'nın çerçevesini çizdi. Той конгрес зробив велику і чудову роботу; адже він склав Конституцію, якою з тих пір керується наша країна. 那次大会做了一件伟大而精彩的工作;因为它制定了我们国家自此以来治理的宪法。

And soon afterwards, in accordance with that Constitution, the people of the country were called upon to elect a President. Pouco tempo depois, em conformidade com a Constituição, o povo do país foi chamado a eleger um Presidente. Ve kısa bir süre sonra, bu Anayasa uyarınca, ülke halkından bir Başkan seçmesi istendi. І незабаром після цього, згідно з цією Конституцією, народ країни був закликаний обрати президента. 不久之后,根据该宪法,该国人民被要求选举总统。 Who should it be?

Who could it be but Washington? Quem poderia ser senão Washington? Washington'dan başka kim olabilir? Хто б це міг бути, як не Вашингтон?

When the electoral votes were counted, every vote was for George Washington of Virginia. Seçmen oyları sayıldığında, tüm oylar Virginia'dan George Washington'a çıkmıştı. Коли голоси виборців були підраховані, кожен голос був за Джорджа Вашингтона з Вірджинії. 当选举人票清点时,每张选票都投给了弗吉尼亚州的乔治·华盛顿。

And so, on the 16th of April, 1789, the great man again bade adieu to Mount Vernon and to private life, and set out for New York. E assim, a 16 de abril de 1789, o grande homem voltou a despedir-se de Mount Vernon e da vida privada e partiu para Nova Iorque. Ve böylece, 16 Nisan 1789'da, büyük adam Mount Vernon'a ve özel hayatına tekrar veda etti ve New York'a doğru yola çıktı. І ось, 16 квітня 1789 року, велика людина знову попрощалася з Маунт-Верноном і приватним життям, і вирушила до Нью-Йорка. For the city of Washington had not yet been built, and New York was the first capital of our country. Porque a cidade de Washington ainda não tinha sido construída e Nova Iorque foi a primeira capital do nosso país. Çünkü Washington şehri henüz inşa edilmemişti ve New York ülkemizin ilk başkentiydi.

There were no railroads at that time, and so the journey was made in a coach. Nessa altura não havia caminhos-de-ferro, pelo que a viagem era feita numa carruagem. O zamanlar demiryolu yoktu ve bu yüzden yolculuk bir faytonla yapılıyordu. У той час ще не було залізниці, тому подорож здійснювалася у вагоні. All along the road the people gathered to see their hero-president and show him their love. Yol boyunca insanlar kahraman başkanlarını görmek ve ona sevgilerini göstermek için toplandılar. По всій дорозі збирався народ, щоб побачити свого героя-президента і засвідчити йому свою любов.

On the 30th of April he was inaugurated at the old Federal Hall in New York. 30 Nisan'da New York'taki eski Federal Salon'da göreve başladı.

"Long live George Washington, President of the United States!" "Viva George Washington, Presidente dos Estados Unidos!" "Çok yaşa George Washington, Birleşik Devletler Başkanı!" “美国总统乔治·华盛顿万岁!” shouted the people. insanlar bağırdı. — кричали люди. Then the cannon roared, the bells rang, and the new government of the United States—the government which we have to-day—began its existence. Depois, os canhões dispararam, os sinos tocaram e o novo governo dos Estados Unidos - o governo que temos atualmente - começou a existir. Ardından toplar gürledi, çanlar çaldı ve Birleşik Devletler'in yeni hükümeti -bugün sahip olduğumuz hükümet- varlığını sürdürmeye başladı. Тоді гармати загуркотіли, дзвони задзвонили, і новий уряд Сполучених Штатів — уряд, який ми маємо сьогодні — почав своє існування. 然后炮声轰鸣,钟声敲响,美国新政府——我们今天的政府——开始存在。

Washington was fifty-seven years old at the time of his inauguration. Washington tinha cinquenta e sete anos na altura da sua tomada de posse. Washington göreve başladığında elli yedi yaşındaydı. На момент інавгурації Вашингтону було п'ятдесят сім років.

Perhaps no man was ever called to the doing of more difficult things. Talvez nenhum homem tenha sido chamado a fazer coisas mais difíceis. Belki de hiç kimse daha zor şeyler yapmaya çağrılmamıştır. Можливо, жодна людина ніколи не була покликана робити складніші речі. The entire government must be built up from the beginning, and all its machinery put into order. Todo o governo deve ser construído desde o início, e toda a sua maquinaria deve ser posta em ordem. Tüm hükümet baştan inşa edilmeli ve tüm mekanizmaları düzene sokulmalıdır. Увесь уряд має бути побудований з самого початку, а всі його механізми приведені в порядок. 整个政府必须从一开始就建立起来,所有的机器都必须运转起来。

But so well did he meet the expectations of the people, that when his first term was near its close he was again elected President, receiving every electoral vote. Mas correspondeu tão bem às expectativas do povo que, quando o seu primeiro mandato estava a chegar ao fim, foi novamente eleito Presidente, recebendo todos os votos eleitorais. Ancak halkın beklentilerini o kadar iyi karşıladı ki, ilk dönemi sona ermek üzereyken tüm seçmenlerin oyunu alarak yeniden Başkan seçildi. Але він так добре виправдав очікування людей, що коли його перший термін був близький до завершення, він був знову обраний президентом, отримавши всі голоси виборців. 但他很好地满足了人民的期望,以至于当他的第一个任期接近结束时,他再次当选总统,获得了所有选举人票。

In your histories you will learn of the many difficult tasks which he performed during those years of the nation's infancy. Nas vossas histórias ficareis a saber das muitas tarefas difíceis que ele desempenhou durante aqueles anos da infância da nação. Tarihlerinizde, ulusun bebeklik yıllarında onun yerine getirdiği pek çok zor görevi öğreneceksiniz. Зі своїх історій ви дізнаєтеся про багато важких завдань, які він виконував у ті роки зародження нації. 在你们的历史中,你们将了解他在国家起步阶段所执行的许多艰巨任务。 There were new troubles with England, troubles with the Indians, jealousies and disagreements among the lawmakers of the country. Surgiram novos problemas com a Inglaterra, problemas com os índios, ciúmes e divergências entre os legisladores do país. İngiltere ile yeni sorunlar, Kızılderililerle sorunlar, ülkenin kanun koyucuları arasında kıskançlıklar ve anlaşmazlıklar vardı. Були нові проблеми з Англією, проблеми з індіанцями, заздрість і розбіжності серед законодавців країни. 英国出现了新的麻烦,印第安人也出现了新的麻烦,国家立法者之间也出现了嫉妒和分歧。 But amidst all these trials Washington stood steadfast, wise, cool—conscious that he was right, and strong enough to prevail. Mas, no meio de todas estas provações, Washington manteve-se firme, sábio, frio - consciente de que tinha razão e suficientemente forte para prevalecer. Ancak tüm bu sınavların ortasında Washington kararlı, bilge, soğukkanlı, haklı olduğunun bilincinde ve galip gelecek kadar güçlü durdu. Але серед усіх цих випробувань Вашингтон був непохитним, мудрим, холодним — усвідомлюючи свою рацію та достатньо сильним, щоб перемогти. 但在所有这些考验中,华盛顿坚定、明智、冷静——意识到自己是对的,并且足够强大,能够取得胜利。

Before the end of his second term, people began to talk about electing him for the third time. Antes do final do seu segundo mandato, começou-se a falar em elegê-lo pela terceira vez. İkinci dönemi sona ermeden önce, insanlar onu üçüncü kez seçmekten bahsetmeye başladılar. They could not think of any other man holding the highest office in the country. Não conseguiam pensar noutro homem que ocupasse o mais alto cargo do país. Ülkedeki en yüksek makamı işgal eden başka bir adam düşünemiyorlardı. They feared that no other man could be safely entrusted with the great responsibilities which he had borne so nobly. Temiam que a nenhum outro homem pudessem ser confiadas, com segurança, as grandes responsabilidades que ele tinha assumido tão nobremente. Bu kadar asil bir şekilde üstlendiği büyük sorumlulukların başka hiç kimseye güvenle emanet edilemeyeceğinden korkuyorlardı. Вони боялися, що жодній іншій людині не можна безпечно довірити велику відповідальність, яку він так благородно ніс. 他们担心没有其他人可以安全地委托他承担如此崇高的重大责任。

But Washington declared that he would not accept office again. Mas Washington declarou que não voltaria a aceitar o cargo. Ancak Washington bir daha görevi kabul etmeyeceğini açıkladı. Але Вашингтон заявив, що не прийме цю посаду знову. The government was now on a firm footing. O governo estava agora numa base sólida. Hükümet artık sağlam bir zemine oturmuştu. Тепер уряд стояв на міцній основі. 政府现在已经站稳了脚跟。 There were others who could manage its affairs wisely and well. Havia outros que podiam gerir bem e com sabedoria os seus assuntos. İşlerini akıllıca ve iyi bir şekilde yönetebilecek başkaları da vardı. Були й інші, які могли мудро й добре керувати його справами. 还有其他人能够明智而出色地管理其事务。

And so, in September, 1796, he published his Farewell Address. E assim, em setembro de 1796, publicou o seu Discurso de Despedida. Ve böylece, Eylül 1796'da Veda Konuşmasını yayınladı. І ось у вересні 1796 року він опублікував свою прощальну промову. 因此,1796 年 9 月,他发表了告别演说。 It was full of wise and wholesome advice. Estava cheio de conselhos sábios e saudáveis. Bilge ve sağlıklı öğütlerle doluydu. Він був сповнений мудрих і корисних порад.

"Beware of attacks upon the Constitution. "Cuidado com os ataques à Constituição. "Anayasaya yönelik saldırılara karşı dikkatli olun. «Остерігайтеся нападів на Конституцію. Beware of those who think more of their party than of their country. Cuidado com aqueles que pensam mais no seu partido do que no seu país. Partilerini ülkelerinden daha çok düşünenlere dikkat edin. Остерігайтеся тих, хто більше думає про свою партію, ніж про свою країну. Promote education. Promover a educação. Eğitimi teşvik edin. Сприяти освіті. Observe justice. Observar a justiça. Adaleti gözetin. Дотримуватись справедливості. 遵守正义。 Treat with good faith all nations. Tratar com boa fé todas as nações. Tüm uluslara iyi niyetle davranın. Ставтеся добросовісно до всіх народів. 真诚对待所有国家。 Adhere to the right. Aderir à direita. Sağa doğru yapıştırın. Дотримуйтеся правого. 坚持右侧。 Be united—be united. Estejam unidos - estejam unidos. Birlik olun, birlik olun. Будьте єдині — будьте єдині. 团结起来——团结起来。 Love your country." Amem o vosso país". Ülkenizi sevin." Любіть свою країну». These were some of the things that he said. Bunlar söylediği şeylerden bazılarıydı. Ось деякі речі, які він сказав.

John Adams, who had been Vice-President eight years, was chosen to be the new President, and Washington again retired to Mount Vernon. John Adams, que tinha sido Vice-Presidente durante oito anos, foi escolhido para ser o novo Presidente, e Washington retirou-se novamente para Mount Vernon. Sekiz yıldır Başkan Yardımcısı olan John Adams yeni Başkan olarak seçildi ve Washington tekrar Mount Vernon'a çekildi. Джон Адамс, який був віце-президентом вісім років, був обраний новим президентом, і Вашингтон знову пішов на пенсію в Маунт-Вернон.