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Four Great Americans: Washington, Franklin, Webster, Lincoln. A Book for Young Americans by James Baldwin, THE STORY OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN. I.—THE KENTUCKY HOME.

THE STORY OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN. I.—THE KENTUCKY HOME.

Not far from Hodgensville, in Kentucky, there once lived a man whose name was Thomas Lincoln. This man had built for himself a little log cabin by the side of a brook, where there was an ever-flowing spring of water.

There was but one room in this cabin. On the side next to the brook there was a low doorway; and at one end there was a large fireplace, built of rough stones and clay.

The chimney was very broad at the bottom and narrow at the top. It was made of clay, with flat stones and slender sticks laid around the outside to keep it from falling apart.

In the wall, on one side of the fireplace, there was a square hole for a window. But there was no glass in this window. In the summer it was left open all the time. In cold weather a deerskin, or a piece of coarse cloth, was hung over it to keep out the wind and the snow.

At night, or on stormy days, the skin of a bear was hung across the doorway; for there was no door on hinges to be opened and shut.

There was no ceiling to the room. But the inmates of the cabin, by looking up, could see the bare rafters and the rough roof-boards, which Mr. Lincoln himself had split and hewn.

There was no floor, but only the bare ground that had been smoothed and beaten until it was as level and hard as pavement.

For chairs there were only blocks of wood and a rude bench on one side of the fireplace. The bed was a little platform of poles, on which were spread the furry skins of wild animals, and a patchwork quilt of homespun goods.

In this poor cabin, on the 12th of February, 1809, a baby boy was born. There was already one child in the family—a girl, two years old, whose name was Sarah.

The little boy grew and became strong like other babies, and his parents named him Abraham, after his grandfather, who had been killed by the Indians many years before.

When he was old enough to run about, he liked to play under the trees by the cabin door. Sometimes he would go with his little sister into the woods and watch the birds and the squirrels.

He had no playmates. He did not know the meaning of toys or playthings. But he was a happy child and had many pleasant ways.

Thomas Lincoln, the father, was a kind-hearted man, very strong and brave. Sometimes he would take the child on his knee and tell him strange, true stories of the great forest, and of the Indians and the fierce beasts that roamed among the woods and hills.

For Thomas Lincoln had always lived on the wild frontier; and he would rather hunt deer and other game in the forest than do anything else. Perhaps this is why he was so poor. Perhaps this is why he was content to live in the little log cabin with so few of the comforts of life.

But Nancy Lincoln, the young mother, did not complain. She, too, had grown up among the rude scenes of the backwoods. She had never known better things.

And yet she was by nature refined and gentle; and people who knew her said that she was very handsome. She was a model housekeeper, too; and her poor log cabin was the neatest and best-kept house in all that neighborhood.

No woman could be busier than she. She knew how to spin and weave, and she made all the clothing for her family.

She knew how to wield the ax and the hoe; and she could work on the farm or in the garden when her help was needed.

She had also learned how to shoot with a rifle; and she could bring down a deer or other wild game with as much ease as could her husband. And when the game was brought home, she could dress it, she could cook the flesh for food, and of the skins she could make clothing for her husband and children.

There was still another thing that she could do—she could read; and she read all the books that she could get hold of. She taught her husband the letters of the alphabet; and she showed him how to write his name. For Thomas Lincoln had never gone to school, and he had never learned how to read.

As soon as little Abraham Lincoln was old enough to understand, his mother read stories to him from the Bible. Then, while he was still very young, she taught him to read the stories for himself.

The neighbors thought it a wonderful thing that so small a boy could read. There were very few of them who could do as much. Few of them thought it of any great use to learn how to read.

There were no school-houses in that part of Kentucky in those days, and of course there were no public schools.

One winter a traveling schoolmaster came that way. He got leave to use a cabin not far from Mr. Lincoln's, and gave notice that he would teach school for two or three weeks. The people were too poor to pay him for teaching longer.

The name of this schoolmaster was Zachariah Riney.

The young people for miles around flocked to the school. Most of them were big boys and girls, and a few were grown up young men. The only little child was Abraham Lincoln, and he was not yet five years old.

There was only one book studied at that school, and it was a spelling-book. It had some easy reading lessons at the end, but these were not to be read until after every word in the book had been spelled.

You can imagine how the big boys and girls felt when Abraham Lincoln proved that he could spell and read better than any of them.

THE STORY OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN. I.—THE KENTUCKY HOME. DIE GESCHICHTE VON ABRAHAM LINCOLN. I. - DIE HEIMAT IN KENTUCKY. LA HISTORIA DE ABRAHAM LINCOLN. I.-EL HOGAR DE KENTUCKY. L'HISTOIRE D'ABRAHAM LINCOLN. I.- LA MAISON DU KENTUCKY. ABRAHAM LINCOLN'ÜN HİKAYESİ. I.- KENTUCKY'DEKİ EVİ. 亚伯拉罕·林肯的故事。一、肯塔基州之家。

Not far from Hodgensville, in Kentucky, there once lived a man whose name was Thomas Lincoln. No lejos de Hodgensville, en Kentucky, vivía un hombre llamado Thomas Lincoln. Kentucky'de, Hodgensville'den çok uzak olmayan bir yerde, bir zamanlar adı Thomas Lincoln olan bir adam yaşardı. This man had built for himself a little log cabin by the side of a brook, where there was an ever-flowing spring of water. Este hombre se había construido una pequeña cabaña de troncos junto a un arroyo, donde había un manantial de agua que brotaba sin cesar. Bu adam sürekli su akan bir derenin kenarına kendisi için küçük bir kulübe inşa etmişti. Цей чоловік побудував собі невеликий зруб на березі струмка, де постійно текло джерело води. 这个人在一条小溪边为自己建造了一座小木屋,那里有源源不断的泉水。

There was but one room in this cabin. Bu kulübede sadece bir oda vardı. У цій каюті була лише одна кімната. On the side next to the brook there was a low doorway; and at one end there was a large fireplace, built of rough stones and clay. Derenin yanındaki tarafta alçak bir kapı vardı; ve bir ucunda kaba taş ve kilden yapılmış büyük bir şömine vardı. Збоку біля струмка був низенький дверний отвір; і в одному кінці був великий камін, побудований з грубого каміння та глини. 靠近小溪的一侧有一个低矮的门洞。一端有一个大壁炉,是用粗糙的石头和粘土建造的。

The chimney was very broad at the bottom and narrow at the top. Der Schornstein war unten sehr breit und oben schmal. La chimenea era muy ancha en la parte inferior y estrecha en la superior. Baca altta çok geniş, üstte ise dardı. Комин був дуже широким унизу і вузьким угорі. 烟囱底部很宽,顶部很窄。 It was made of clay, with flat stones and slender sticks laid around the outside to keep it from falling apart. Kilden yapılmıştı ve parçalanmasını önlemek için dış kısmına yassı taşlar ve ince çubuklar döşenmişti. Він був зроблений з глини, з плоскими каменями та тонкими палицями, покладеними навколо зовнішнього боку, щоб він не розвалився. 它是用粘土制成的,外面放着扁平的石头和细长的棍子,以防止它散架。

In the wall, on one side of the fireplace, there was a square hole for a window. У стіні, з одного боку каміна, був квадратний отвір для вікна. But there was no glass in this window. Ama bu pencerede cam yoktu. Але в цьому вікні не було скла. In the summer it was left open all the time. Yaz aylarında her zaman açık bırakılırdı. In cold weather a deerskin, or a piece of coarse cloth, was hung over it to keep out the wind and the snow. Soğuk havalarda rüzgârı ve karı uzak tutmak için üzerine bir geyik derisi ya da kaba bir bez parçası asılırdı. У холодну погоду на нього вішали оленячу шкуру або шматок грубої тканини, щоб захистити від вітру та снігу.

At night, or on stormy days, the skin of a bear was hung across the doorway; for there was no door on hinges to be opened and shut. Por la noche, o en días de tormenta, se colgaba la piel de un oso en el umbral de la puerta, ya que no había ninguna puerta con bisagras que se pudiera abrir y cerrar. Geceleri ya da fırtınalı günlerde kapının girişine bir ayı postu asılırdı; çünkü açılıp kapanacak menteşeli bir kapı yoktu. Вночі чи в грозові дні вішали поперек дверей шкуру ведмедя; бо не було дверей на петлях, які можна було б відкрити й зачинити. 到了晚上,或者暴风雨的日子,门口就会挂上一张熊皮。因为没有可以打开和关闭的铰链门。

There was no ceiling to the room. La habitación no tenía techo. Odanın tavanı yoktu. У кімнаті не було стелі. 房间没有天花板。 But the inmates of the cabin, by looking up, could see the bare rafters and the rough roof-boards, which Mr. Lincoln himself had split and hewn. Pero los habitantes de la cabaña, al levantar la vista, podían ver las vigas desnudas y las toscas tablas del tejado, que el propio Sr. Lincoln había partido y labrado. Ama kulübenin sakinleri yukarı baktıklarında çıplak kirişleri ve Bay Lincoln'ün kendi elleriyle yonttuğu kaba çatı tahtalarını görebiliyorlardı. Але мешканці каюти, дивлячись угору, могли бачити голі крокви та грубі дошки даху, які сам містер Лінкольн розколов і обтесав. 但小屋里的人抬头一看,就能看到光秃秃的椽子和粗糙的屋顶板,这些都是林肯先生亲自劈开和凿成的。

There was no floor, but only the bare ground that had been smoothed and beaten until it was as level and hard as pavement. No había suelo, sino sólo la tierra desnuda que había sido alisada y golpeada hasta dejarla tan nivelada y dura como el pavimento. Zemin yoktu, sadece kaldırım gibi düz ve sert olana kadar düzeltilmiş ve dövülmüş çıplak zemin vardı. Підлоги не було, а лише гола земля, яку розгладили й побили, поки вона не стала рівною й твердою, як бруківка. 没有地板,只有光秃秃的地面,经过平整和敲打,直到它像人行道一样平坦和坚硬。

For chairs there were only blocks of wood and a rude bench on one side of the fireplace. Para las sillas sólo había bloques de madera y un tosco banco a un lado de la chimenea. Sandalyeler için sadece tahta parçaları ve şöminenin bir tarafında kaba bir bank vardı. Для стільців були лише дерев’яні блоки та груба лавка з одного боку каміна. 对于椅子来说,壁炉的一侧只有几块木头和一张简陋的长凳。 The bed was a little platform of poles, on which were spread the furry skins of wild animals, and a patchwork quilt of homespun goods. La cama era una pequeña plataforma de palos sobre la que se extendían pieles de animales salvajes y una colcha de retales de telas caseras. Yatak, üzerine vahşi hayvanların kürklü derilerinin serildiği sırıklardan oluşan küçük bir platform ve ev eşyalarından oluşan yamalı bir yorgandı. Ліжко являло собою невелику платформу з жердин, на якій були розстелені пухнасті шкури диких тварин, і клаптеву ковдру з домотканих виробів. 床是一个用柱子搭成的小平台,上面铺着野生动物的毛皮,还有一床用土布拼凑而成的被子。

In this poor cabin, on the 12th of February, 1809, a baby boy was born. Bu yoksul kulübede, 12 Şubat 1809'da bir erkek bebek dünyaya geldi. У цій бідній хатині 12 лютого 1809 року народився хлопчик. There was already one child in the family—a girl, two years old, whose name was Sarah. Ya había un niño en la familia: una niña de dos años llamada Sara. Ailede zaten bir çocuk vardı; adı Sarah olan iki yaşında bir kız çocuğu. У родині вже була одна дитина — дівчинка двох років, яку звали Сара.

The little boy grew and became strong like other babies, and his parents named him Abraham, after his grandfather, who had been killed by the Indians many years before. Küçük çocuk büyüdü ve diğer bebekler gibi güçlendi ve ailesi ona, yıllar önce Kızılderililer tarafından öldürülen büyükbabasının adını vererek Abraham adını verdi. Маленький хлопчик ріс і міцнів, як і інші немовлята, і батьки назвали його Авраамом на честь його діда, якого багато років тому вбили індіанці.

When he was old enough to run about, he liked to play under the trees by the cabin door. Cuando tuvo edad para corretear, le gustaba jugar bajo los árboles, junto a la puerta de la cabaña. Koşacak kadar büyüdüğünde, kulübenin kapısının yanındaki ağaçların altında oynamayı severdi. Коли він був досить дорослим, щоб бігати, він любив гратися під деревами біля дверей каюти. Sometimes he would go with his little sister into the woods and watch the birds and the squirrels. A veces se iba con su hermana pequeña al bosque a observar los pájaros y las ardillas. Bazen küçük kız kardeşiyle birlikte ormana gider, kuşları ve sincapları izlerdi. Іноді він ходив із сестричкою в ліс і спостерігав за пташками та білочками.

He had no playmates. Hiç oyun arkadaşı yoktu. У нього не було товаришів по грі. He did not know the meaning of toys or playthings. Oyuncak ya da oyun eşyasının ne anlama geldiğini bilmiyordu. Він не знав значення іграшок чи іграшок. But he was a happy child and had many pleasant ways. Aber er war ein glückliches Kind und hatte viele angenehme Arten. Ama mutlu bir çocuktu ve pek çok hoş huyu vardı. Але він був щасливою дитиною і мав багато приємних способів.

Thomas Lincoln, the father, was a kind-hearted man, very strong and brave. Thomas Lincoln, el padre, era un hombre de buen corazón, muy fuerte y valiente. Baba Thomas Lincoln iyi kalpli, çok güçlü ve cesur bir adamdı. Томас Лінкольн, батько, був доброю людиною, дуже сильним і хоробрим. Sometimes he would take the child on his knee and tell him strange, true stories of the great forest, and of the Indians and the fierce beasts that roamed among the woods and hills. Bazen çocuğu dizine alır ve ona büyük ormanın, Kızılderililerin, ormanda ve tepelerde dolaşan vahşi hayvanların garip ve gerçek hikâyelerini anlatırdı. Іноді він брав дитину на коліна й розповідав їй дивні правдиві історії про великий ліс, про індіанців і лютих звірів, які бродили серед лісів і пагорбів. 有时他会把孩子抱在膝盖上,给他讲关于大森林、印第安人和在树林和山间漫步的凶猛野兽的奇怪而真实的故事。

For Thomas Lincoln had always lived on the wild frontier; and he would rather hunt deer and other game in the forest than do anything else. Thomas Lincoln siempre había vivido en la frontera salvaje y prefería cazar ciervos y otros animales en el bosque que hacer cualquier otra cosa. Çünkü Thomas Lincoln her zaman vahşi sınırlarda yaşamıştı ve başka bir şey yapmaktansa ormanda geyik ve diğer av hayvanlarını avlamayı tercih ederdi. Бо Томас Лінкольн завжди жив на дикому кордоні; і він воліє полювати в лісі на оленів та іншу дичину, ніж робити щось інше. 因为托马斯·林肯一直生活在荒野边疆。他宁愿在森林里猎鹿和其他猎物,也不愿做其他任何事情。 Perhaps this is why he was so poor. Quizá por eso era tan pobre. Belki de bu yüzden bu kadar fakirdi. Можливо, тому він був таким бідним. Perhaps this is why he was content to live in the little log cabin with so few of the comforts of life. Vielleicht war er deshalb damit zufrieden, in der kleinen Blockhütte mit so wenigen Annehmlichkeiten des Lebens zu leben. Quizá por eso se contentaba con vivir en la pequeña cabaña de troncos con tan pocas comodidades. Belki de bu yüzden küçük bir kulübede, hayatın konforundan çok azıyla yaşamaktan memnundu. Можливо, тому він був задоволений тим, що жив у маленькій дерев’яній хатині з так мало життєвих зручностей. 也许这就是为什么他满足于住在小木屋里,生活的舒适度如此之低。

But Nancy Lincoln, the young mother, did not complain. Pero Nancy Lincoln, la joven madre, no se quejó. Ama genç anne Nancy Lincoln şikayet etmedi. Але Ненсі Лінкольн, молода мама, не скаржилася. She, too, had grown up among the rude scenes of the backwoods. Ella también había crecido entre las rudas escenas de los bosques. O da taşranın kaba saba manzaraları arasında büyümüştü. Вона теж виросла серед грубих глушин. 她也是在荒凉的丛林中长大的。 She had never known better things. Nunca había conocido cosas mejores. Daha önce hiç bu kadar iyi şeyler bilmemişti.

And yet she was by nature refined and gentle; and people who knew her said that she was very handsome. Y, sin embargo, era por naturaleza refinada y gentil; y la gente que la conocía decía que era muy guapa. Yine de doğası gereği kibar ve nazikti; onu tanıyanlar çok yakışıklı olduğunu söylüyordu. І все ж вона від природи була вишуканою й ніжною; і люди, які її знали, казали, що вона дуже гарна. 但她生性优雅、温柔。而且认识她的人都说她很帅。 She was a model housekeeper, too; and her poor log cabin was the neatest and best-kept house in all that neighborhood. También era una ama de casa ejemplar, y su pobre cabaña de troncos era la casa más pulcra y mejor cuidada de todo aquel vecindario. Örnek bir ev kadınıydı da; zavallı kulübesi o civardaki en temiz ve en bakımlı evdi. Вона також була зразковою економкою; а її бідна хатинка була найохайнішим і найкраще доглянутим будинком у всій околиці. 她还是一位模范管家。她那破旧的小木屋是整个街区里最整洁、保存得最好的房子。

No woman could be busier than she. Ninguna mujer podría estar más ocupada que ella. Hiçbir kadın ondan daha meşgul olamaz. Жодна жінка не може бути зайнятішою за неї. She knew how to spin and weave, and she made all the clothing for her family. Sabía hilar y tejer, y confeccionaba toda la ropa para su familia. İplik eğirmeyi ve dokumayı biliyordu ve ailesinin tüm kıyafetlerini o dikiyordu. Вона вміла прясти і ткати, сама виготовляла весь одяг для своєї родини.

She knew how to wield the ax and the hoe; and she could work on the farm or in the garden when her help was needed. Sabía manejar el hacha y la azada; y podía trabajar en la granja o en el huerto cuando se necesitaba su ayuda. Baltayı ve çapayı nasıl kullanacağını biliyordu; yardımına ihtiyaç duyulduğunda çiftlikte ya da bahçede çalışabilirdi. Вона вміла володіти сокирою і мотикою; і вона могла працювати на фермі чи в саду, коли була потрібна її допомога. 她知道如何使用斧头和锄头;当需要她的帮助时,她可以在农场或花园里工作。

She had also learned how to shoot with a rifle; and she could bring down a deer or other wild game with as much ease as could her husband. También había aprendido a disparar con un rifle, y podía abatir un ciervo u otro animal salvaje con tanta facilidad como su marido. Tüfekle ateş etmeyi de öğrenmişti; bir geyiği ya da başka bir yaban hayvanını kocası kadar kolaylıkla avlayabilirdi. Вона також навчилася стріляти з рушниці; і вона могла збити оленя чи іншу дичину з такою ж легкістю, як і її чоловік. 她还学会了如何用步枪射击;她可以像她丈夫一样轻松地捕杀鹿或其他野生动物。 And when the game was brought home, she could dress it, she could cook the flesh for food, and of the skins she could make clothing for her husband and children. Y cuando la caza llegaba a casa, podía vestirla, cocinar la carne para comerla y con las pieles podía hacer ropa para su marido y sus hijos. Av hayvanını eve getirdiğinde onu giydirebilir, etini yemek için pişirebilir ve derisinden kocası ve çocukları için giysi yapabilirdi. І коли дичину принесли додому, вона могла її виготовити, зварити м’ясо на їжу, а зі шкір зробити одяг для свого чоловіка та дітей. 当野味带回家后,她可以对它进行调味,可以将其肉煮成食物,还可以用皮为她的丈夫和孩子做衣服。

There was still another thing that she could do—she could read; and she read all the books that she could get hold of. Otra cosa que sabía hacer era leer, y leía todos los libros que caían en sus manos. Yapabildiği başka bir şey daha vardı; okuyabiliyordu ve eline geçen tüm kitapları okuyordu. Була ще одна річ, яку вона могла робити — вона могла читати; і вона прочитала всі книжки, які могла дістати. 她还有一件事可以做——她可以读书;她可以读书。她读了所有她能找到的书。 She taught her husband the letters of the alphabet; and she showed him how to write his name. Вона навчила свого чоловіка букв алфавіту; і вона показала йому, як писати своє ім'я. 她教她的丈夫字母表中的字母。她教他如何写他的名字。 For Thomas Lincoln had never gone to school, and he had never learned how to read.

As soon as little Abraham Lincoln was old enough to understand, his mother read stories to him from the Bible. Küçük Abraham Lincoln anlayacak yaşa gelir gelmez annesi ona İncil'den hikayeler okudu. Як тільки маленький Авраам Лінкольн підріс, щоб розуміти, його мати читала йому історії з Біблії. Then, while he was still very young, she taught him to read the stories for himself. Daha sonra, o henüz çok küçükken, ona hikayeleri kendi kendine okumayı öğretti. 然后,在他还很小的时候,她就教他自己读这些故事。

The neighbors thought it a wonderful thing that so small a boy could read. A los vecinos les parecía maravilloso que un niño tan pequeño supiera leer. Komşular bu kadar küçük bir çocuğun okuyabilmesinin harika bir şey olduğunu düşünüyorlardı. Сусіди вважали це чудовою річчю, що такий маленький хлопчик може читати. 邻居们认为这么小的男孩能读书是一件了不起的事情。 There were very few of them who could do as much. Había muy pocos que pudieran hacer tanto. Aralarında bu kadarını yapabilecek çok az kişi vardı. 能够做到这一点的人寥寥无几。 Few of them thought it of any great use to learn how to read. Pocos pensaban que fuera útil aprender a leer. Çok azı okumayı öğrenmenin büyük bir faydası olduğunu düşünüyordu. Мало хто з них вважав, що навчитися читати приносить велику користь. 他们中很少有人认为学习阅读有什么大用处。

There were no school-houses in that part of Kentucky in those days, and of course there were no public schools. En aquella época no había escuelas en esa parte de Kentucky y, por supuesto, tampoco había escuelas públicas. O günlerde Kentucky'nin o bölgesinde hiç okul yoktu ve tabii ki devlet okulu da yoktu. У той час у тій частині Кентуккі не було шкільних будинків, і, звичайно, не було державних шкіл.

One winter a traveling schoolmaster came that way. Un invierno llegó por allí un maestro de escuela ambulante. Bir kış, gezgin bir okul müdürü o tarafa geldi. Одного разу взимку туди приїхав мандрівний учитель. 有一年冬天,一位旅行的校长从那条路过来。 He got leave to use a cabin not far from Mr. Lincoln's, and gave notice that he would teach school for two or three weeks. Consiguió permiso para utilizar una cabaña no lejos de la del Sr. Lincoln, y avisó de que enseñaría en la escuela durante dos o tres semanas. Bay Lincoln'ün evinden çok uzak olmayan bir kulübeyi kullanmak için izin aldı ve iki ya da üç hafta boyunca okulda ders vereceğini bildirdi. Він отримав відпустку в каюті неподалік від містера Лінкольна і повідомив, що два-три тижні викладатиме в школі. 他获准使用距离林肯先生家不远的一间小屋,并通知他将在学校教书两到三周。 The people were too poor to pay him for teaching longer. El pueblo era demasiado pobre para pagarle por seguir enseñando. Halk ona daha uzun süre öğretmenlik yapması için para ödeyemeyecek kadar fakirdi. Люди були надто бідні, щоб платити йому за навчання довше. 人们太穷了,付不起他长期教学的费用。

The name of this schoolmaster was Zachariah Riney. El nombre de este maestro era Zachariah Riney. Bu okul müdürünün adı Zachariah Riney'di. Цього вчителя звали Захарія Ріні. 这位校长的名字叫撒迦利亚·莱尼 (Zachariah Riney)。

The young people for miles around flocked to the school. Los jóvenes de kilómetros a la redonda acudieron en masa a la escuela. Kilometrelerce ötedeki gençler okula akın etti. До школи стікалася молодь за милі. 方圆数里的年轻人都涌向学校。 Most of them were big boys and girls, and a few were grown up young men. La mayoría eran chicos y chicas grandes, y unos pocos eran jóvenes adultos. Çoğu büyük oğlanlar ve kızlardı ve birkaçı da yetişkin genç adamlardı. Більшість із них були великими хлопцями та дівчатами, а також кілька дорослих юнаків. The only little child was Abraham Lincoln, and he was not yet five years old. El único niño pequeño era Abraham Lincoln, y aún no había cumplido los cinco años. Tek küçük çocuk Abraham Lincoln'dü ve henüz beş yaşında bile değildi. Єдиною маленькою дитиною був Авраам Лінкольн, і йому ще не виповнилося п'яти років.

There was only one book studied at that school, and it was a spelling-book. En esa escuela sólo se estudiaba un libro, y era de ortografía. O okulda okutulan tek bir kitap vardı, o da heceleme kitabıydı. У тій школі вивчали лише одну книжку, і це була орфографія. 那所学校只学过一本书,那就是一本拼写书。 It had some easy reading lessons at the end, but these were not to be read until after every word in the book had been spelled. Tenía algunas lecciones de lectura fácil al final, pero no debían leerse hasta después de haber deletreado todas las palabras del libro. Kitabın sonunda bazı kolay okuma dersleri vardı, ancak bunlar kitaptaki her kelime hecelenmeden okunmayacaktı. Наприкінці було кілька легких уроків читання, але їх не можна було читати, доки не буде написане кожне слово в книзі. 最后有一些简单的阅读课程,但要等到书中的每个单词都拼写出来后才能阅读。

You can imagine how the big boys and girls felt when Abraham Lincoln proved that he could spell and read better than any of them. Puedes imaginarte cómo se sintieron los chicos y chicas mayores cuando Abraham Lincoln demostró que sabía deletrear y leer mejor que cualquiera de ellos. Abraham Lincoln onlardan daha iyi heceleyebildiğini ve okuyabildiğini kanıtladığında büyük oğlanların ve kızların nasıl hissettiklerini tahmin edebilirsiniz. Ви можете собі уявити, що відчували великі хлопчики та дівчатка, коли Авраам Лінкольн довів, що вміє писати й читати краще за будь-кого з них.