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The Cossacks by Leo Tolstoy, Chapter I

Chapter I

All is quiet in Moscow. The squeak of wheels is seldom heard in the snow-covered street. There are no lights left in the windows and the street lamps have been extinguished. Only the sound of bells, borne over the city from the church towers, suggests the approach of morning. The streets are deserted. At rare intervals a night-cabman's sledge kneads up the snow and sand in the street as the driver makes his way to another corner where he falls asleep while waiting for a fare. An old woman passes by on her way to church, where a few wax candles burn with a red light reflected on the gilt mountings of the icons. Workmen are already getting up after the long winter night and going to their work—but for the gentlefolk it is still evening.

From a window in Chevalier's Restaurant a light—illegal at that hour—is still to be seen through a chink in the shutter. At the entrance a carriage, a sledge, and a cabman's sledge, stand close together with their backs to the curbstone. A three-horse sledge from the post-station is there also. A yard-porter muffled up and pinched with cold is sheltering behind the corner of the house.

'And what's the good of all this jawing?' thinks the footman who sits in the hall weary and haggard. 'This always happens when I'm on duty.' From the adjoining room are heard the voices of three young men, sitting there at a table on which are wine and the remains of supper. One, a rather plain, thin, neat little man, sits looking with tired kindly eyes at his friend, who is about to start on a journey. Another, a tall man, lies on a sofa beside a table on which are empty bottles, and plays with his watch-key. A third, wearing a short, fur-lined coat, is pacing up and down the room stopping now and then to crack an almond between his strong, rather thick, but well-tended fingers. He keeps smiling at something and his face and eyes are all aglow. He speaks warmly and gesticulates, but evidently does not find the words he wants and those that occur to him seem to him inadequate to express what has risen to his heart.

'Now I can speak out fully,' said the traveller. 'I don't want to defend myself, but I should like you at least to understand me as I understand myself, and not look at the matter superficially. You say I have treated her badly,' he continued, addressing the man with the kindly eyes who was watching him. 'Yes, you are to blame,' said the latter, and his look seemed to express still more kindliness and weariness. 'I know why you say that,' rejoined the one who was leaving. 'To be loved is in your opinion as great a happiness as to love, and if a man obtains it, it is enough for his whole life.' 'Yes, quite enough, my dear fellow, more than enough!' confirmed the plain little man, opening and shutting his eyes.

'But why shouldn't the man love too?' said the traveller thoughtfully, looking at his friend with something like pity. 'Why shouldn't one love? Because love doesn't come … No, to be beloved is a misfortune. It is a misfortune to feel guilty because you do not give something you cannot give. O my God!' he added, with a gesture of his arm. 'If it all happened reasonably, and not all topsy-turvy—not in our way but in a way of its own! Why, it's as if I had stolen that love! You think so too, don't deny it. You must think so. But will you believe it, of all the horrid and stupid things I have found time to do in my life—and there are many—this is one I do not and cannot repent of. Neither at the beginning nor afterwards did I lie to myself or to her. It seemed to me that I had at last fallen in love, but then I saw that it was an involuntary falsehood, and that that was not the way to love, and I could not go on, but she did. Am I to blame that I couldn't? What was I to do?' 'Well, it's ended now!' said his friend, lighting a cigar to master his sleepiness. 'The fact is that you have not yet loved and do not know what love is.' The man in the fur-lined coat was going to speak again, and put his hands to his head, but could not express what he wanted to say.

'Never loved! … Yes, quite true, I never have! But after all, I have within me a desire to love, and nothing could be stronger than that desire! But then, again, does such love exist? There always remains something incomplete. Ah well! What's the use of talking? I've made an awful mess of life! But anyhow it's all over now; you are quite right. And I feel that I am beginning a new life.' 'Which you will again make a mess of,' said the man who lay on the sofa playing with his watch-key. But the traveller did not listen to him.

'I am sad and yet glad to go,' he continued. 'Why I am sad I don't know.' And the traveller went on talking about himself, without noticing that this did not interest the others as much as it did him. A man is never such an egotist as at moments of spiritual ecstasy. At such times it seems to him that there is nothing on earth more splendid and interesting than himself.

'Dmitri Andreich! The coachman won't wait any longer!' said a young serf, entering the room in a sheepskin coat, with a scarf tied round his head. 'The horses have been standing since twelve, and it's now four o'clock!' Dmitri Andreich looked at his serf, Vanyusha. The scarf round Vanyusha's head, his felt boots and sleepy face, seemed to be calling his master to a new life of labour, hardship, and activity. 'True enough! Good-bye!' said he, feeling for the unfastened hook and eye on his coat.

In spite of advice to mollify the coachman by another tip, he put on his cap and stood in the middle of the room. The friends kissed once, then again, and after a pause, a third time. The man in the fur-lined coat approached the table and emptied a champagne glass, then took the plain little man's hand and blushed. 'Ah well, I will speak out all the same … I must and will be frank with you because I am fond of you … Of course you love her—I always thought so—don't you?' 'Yes,' answered his friend, smiling still more gently. 'And perhaps…' 'Please sir, I have orders to put out the candles,' said the sleepy attendant, who had been listening to the last part of the conversation and wondering why gentlefolk always talk about one and the same thing. 'To whom shall I make out the bill? To you, sir?' he added, knowing whom to address and turning to the tall man.

'To me,' replied the tall man. 'How much?' 'Twenty-six rubles.' The tall man considered for a moment, but said nothing and put the bill in his pocket.

The other two continued their talk.

'Good-bye, you are a capital fellow!' said the short plain man with the mild eyes. Tears filled the eyes of both. They stepped into the porch.

'Oh, by the by,' said the traveller, turning with a blush to the tall man, 'will you settle Chevalier's bill and write and let me know?' 'All right, all right!' said the tall man, pulling on his gloves. 'How I envy you!' he added quite unexpectedly when they were out in the porch.

The traveller got into his sledge, wrapped his coat about him, and said: 'Well then, come along!' He even moved a little to make room in the sledge for the man who said he envied him—his voice trembled.

'Good-bye, Mitya! I hope that with God's help you…' said the tall one. But his wish was that the other would go away quickly, and so he could not finish the sentence.

They were silent a moment. Then someone again said, 'Good-bye,' and a voice cried, 'Ready,' and the coachman touched up the horses. 'Hy, Elisar!' One of the friends called out, and the other coachman and the sledge-drivers began moving, clicking their tongues and pulling at the reins. Then the stiffened carriage-wheels rolled squeaking over the frozen snow.

'A fine fellow, that Olenin!' said one of the friends. 'But what an idea to go to the Caucasus—as a cadet, too! I wouldn't do it for anything. … Are you dining at the club to-morrow?' 'Yes.' They separated.

The traveller felt warm, his fur coat seemed too hot. He sat on the bottom of the sledge and unfastened his coat, and the three shaggy post-horses dragged themselves out of one dark street into another, past houses he had never before seen. It seemed to Olenin that only travellers starting on a long journey went through those streets. All was dark and silent and dull around him, but his soul was full of memories, love, regrets, and a pleasant tearful feeling.

Chapter I Kapitel I Capítulo I 第一章 Capítulo I Глава I Bölüm I 第一章

All is quiet in Moscow. Tudo está quieto em Moscou. В Москве все спокойно. The squeak of wheels is seldom heard in the snow-covered street. O rangido das rodas raramente é ouvido na rua coberta de neve. There are no lights left in the windows and the street lamps have been extinguished. Não há mais luzes nas janelas e os postes de luz foram apagados. Only the sound of bells, borne over the city from the church towers, suggests the approach of morning. Apenas o som dos sinos, carregados das torres das igrejas sobre a cidade, sugere a aproximação da manhã. Только звон колоколов, доносящийся над городом с церковных башен, говорит о приближении утра. The streets are deserted. As ruas estão desertas. At rare intervals a night-cabman's sledge kneads up the snow and sand in the street as the driver makes his way to another corner where he falls asleep while waiting for a fare. Em raros intervalos, o trenó de um cocheiro noturno amassa a neve e a areia da rua enquanto o motorista segue para outra esquina, onde adormece enquanto espera o passageiro. An old woman passes by on her way to church, where a few wax candles burn with a red light reflected on the gilt mountings of the icons. Uma velha passa a caminho da igreja, onde algumas velas de cera ardem com uma luz vermelha refletida nas molduras douradas dos ícones. Workmen are already getting up after the long winter night and going to their work—but for the gentlefolk it is still evening. Os trabalhadores já estão se levantando após a longa noite de inverno e indo para o trabalho - mas para os nobres ainda é noite.

From a window in Chevalier's Restaurant a light—illegal at that hour—is still to be seen through a chink in the shutter. De uma janela do Chevalier's Restaurant, uma luz - ilegal naquela hora - ainda pode ser vista por uma fresta na persiana. At the entrance a carriage, a sledge, and a cabman's sledge, stand close together with their backs to the curbstone. Na entrada, uma carruagem, um trenó e o trenó de um cocheiro estão parados juntos, de costas para o meio-fio. A three-horse sledge from the post-station is there also. Um trenó de três cavalos da estação de correio também está lá. A yard-porter muffled up and pinched with cold is sheltering behind the corner of the house. Um porteiro encolhido e beliscado de frio está abrigado atrás da esquina da casa.

'And what's the good of all this jawing?' — E de que adianta toda essa tagarelice? thinks the footman who sits in the hall weary and haggard. pensa o lacaio que se senta no corredor cansado e abatido. 'This always happens when I'm on duty.' 'Isso sempre acontece quando estou de plantão.' From the adjoining room are heard the voices of three young men, sitting there at a table on which are wine and the remains of supper. Da sala contígua ouvem-se as vozes de três jovens, sentados a uma mesa onde estão o vinho e os restos da ceia. One, a rather plain, thin, neat little man, sits looking with tired kindly eyes at his friend, who is about to start on a journey. One, a rather plain, thin, neat little man, sits looking with tired kindly eyes at his friend, who is about to start on a journey. Um, um homenzinho simples, magro e asseado, está sentado olhando com olhos cansados e bondosos para seu amigo, que está prestes a iniciar uma jornada. Another, a tall man, lies on a sofa beside a table on which are empty bottles, and plays with his watch-key. Outro, um homem alto, está deitado em um sofá ao lado de uma mesa com garrafas vazias e brinca com a chave do relógio. A third, wearing a short, fur-lined coat, is pacing up and down the room stopping now and then to crack an almond between his strong, rather thick, but well-tended fingers. Um terceiro, vestindo um casaco curto forrado de pele, anda de um lado para o outro na sala, parando de vez em quando para quebrar uma amêndoa entre seus dedos fortes, um tanto grossos, mas bem cuidados. He keeps smiling at something and his face and eyes are all aglow. Ele continua sorrindo para alguma coisa e seu rosto e olhos estão brilhando. He speaks warmly and gesticulates, but evidently does not find the words he wants and those that occur to him seem to him inadequate to express what has risen to his heart. Ele fala calorosamente e gesticula, mas evidentemente não encontra as palavras que deseja e as que lhe ocorrem parecem-lhe inadequadas para expressar o que lhe subiu ao coração.

'Now I can speak out fully,' said the traveller. 'Now I can speak out fully,' said the traveller. 'Agora posso falar plenamente', disse o viajante. 'I don't want to defend myself, but I should like you at least to understand me as I understand myself, and not look at the matter superficially. 'Não quero me defender, mas gostaria que pelo menos você me entendesse como eu me entendo, e não olhasse para o assunto superficialmente. You say I have treated her badly,' he continued, addressing the man with the kindly eyes who was watching him. Você diz que eu a tratei mal — continuou ele, dirigindo-se ao homem de olhos bondosos que o observava. 'Yes, you are to blame,' said the latter, and his look seemed to express still more kindliness and weariness. 'Sim, você é o culpado', disse o último, e seu olhar parecia expressar ainda mais bondade e cansaço. 'I know why you say that,' rejoined the one who was leaving. 'Eu sei por que você diz isso', retorquiu o que estava saindo. 'To be loved is in your opinion as great a happiness as to love, and if a man obtains it, it is enough for his whole life.' 'Ser amado é, em sua opinião, uma felicidade tão grande quanto amar, e se um homem a obtém, é o suficiente para toda a sua vida.' 'Yes, quite enough, my dear fellow, more than enough!' 'Sim, bastante, meu caro amigo, mais do que suficiente!' confirmed the plain little man, opening and shutting his eyes. confirmou o homenzinho simples, abrindo e fechando os olhos.

'But why shouldn't the man love too?' 'Mas por que o homem não deveria amar também?' said the traveller thoughtfully, looking at his friend with something like pity. disse o viajante pensativo, olhando para o amigo com algo parecido com pena. 'Why shouldn't one love? 'Por que alguém não deveria amar? Because love doesn't come … No, to be beloved is a misfortune. Porque o amor não vem... Não, ser amado é uma desgraça. It is a misfortune to feel guilty because you do not give something you cannot give. É um infortúnio sentir-se culpado porque você não dá algo que não pode dar. O my God!' he added, with a gesture of his arm. acrescentou, com um gesto do braço. 'If it all happened reasonably, and not all topsy-turvy—not in our way but in a way of its own! 'Se tudo acontecesse razoavelmente, e não de cabeça para baixo - não do nosso jeito, mas do seu próprio jeito! Why, it's as if I had stolen that love! Ora, é como se eu tivesse roubado esse amor! You think so too, don't deny it. Você também pensa assim, não negue. You must think so. Você deve pensar assim. But will you believe it, of all the horrid and stupid things I have found time to do in my life—and there are many—this is one I do not and cannot repent of. Mas você acredita, de todas as coisas horríveis e estúpidas que encontrei tempo para fazer em minha vida - e há muitas - esta é uma das quais não me arrependo e não posso me arrepender. Neither at the beginning nor afterwards did I lie to myself or to her. Nem no começo nem depois menti para mim mesmo ou para ela. It seemed to me that I had at last fallen in love, but then I saw that it was an involuntary falsehood, and that that was not the way to love, and I could not go on, but she did. Pareceu-me que finalmente me apaixonara, mas depois vi que era uma falsidade involuntária e que essa não era a maneira de amar, e não pude continuar, mas ela sim. Am I to blame that I couldn't? Eu sou o culpado por não ter conseguido? What was I to do?' O que eu deveria fazer? 'Well, it's ended now!' 'Bem, acabou agora!' said his friend, lighting a cigar to master his sleepiness. disse o amigo, acendendo um charuto para controlar a sonolência. 'The fact is that you have not yet loved and do not know what love is.' 'O fato é que você ainda não amou e não sabe o que é o amor.' The man in the fur-lined coat was going to speak again, and put his hands to his head, but could not express what he wanted to say. O homem do casaco forrado de pele ia falar de novo e levou as mãos à cabeça, mas não conseguiu expressar o que queria dizer.

'Never loved! 'Nunca amei! … Yes, quite true, I never have! … Sim, é verdade, nunca tive! But after all, I have within me a desire to love, and nothing could be stronger than that desire! Mas afinal, tenho dentro de mim um desejo de amar, e nada poderia ser mais forte que esse desejo! But then, again, does such love exist? Mas então, novamente, esse amor existe? There always remains something incomplete. Sempre resta algo incompleto. Ah well! Ah bem! What's the use of talking? Do que adianta falar? I've made an awful mess of life! Eu fiz uma bagunça terrível da vida! But anyhow it's all over now; you are quite right. Mas de qualquer forma está tudo acabado agora; você está certo. And I feel that I am beginning a new life.' E sinto que estou começando uma nova vida.' 'Which you will again make a mess of,' said the man who lay on the sofa playing with his watch-key. “O que você vai fazer de novo uma bagunça”, disse o homem que estava deitado no sofá brincando com a chave do relógio. But the traveller did not listen to him. Mas o viajante não o ouviu.

'I am sad and yet glad to go,' he continued. "Estou triste, mas feliz por partir", continuou ele. 'Why I am sad I don't know.' "Por que estou triste, não sei." And the traveller went on talking about himself, without noticing that this did not interest the others as much as it did him. E o viajante continuou falando de si mesmo, sem perceber que isso não interessava aos outros tanto quanto a ele. A man is never such an egotist as at moments of spiritual ecstasy. Um homem nunca é tão egoísta como nos momentos de êxtase espiritual. At such times it seems to him that there is nothing on earth more splendid and interesting than himself. Nessas ocasiões, parece-lhe que não há nada na terra mais esplêndido e interessante do que ele mesmo.

'Dmitri Andreich! 'Dmitri Andreich! The coachman won't wait any longer!' O cocheiro não vai esperar mais! said a young serf, entering the room in a sheepskin coat, with a scarf tied round his head. disse um jovem servo, entrando na sala com um casaco de pele de carneiro, com um lenço amarrado na cabeça. 'The horses have been standing since twelve, and it's now four o'clock!' — Os cavalos estão parados desde o meio-dia e agora são quatro horas! Dmitri Andreich looked at his serf, Vanyusha. Dmitri Andreich olhou para seu servo, Vanyusha. The scarf round Vanyusha's head, his felt boots and sleepy face, seemed to be calling his master to a new life of labour, hardship, and activity. O lenço em volta da cabeça de Vanyusha, suas botas de feltro e seu rosto sonolento pareciam chamar seu mestre para uma nova vida de trabalho, privação e atividade. 'True enough! 'É verdade! Good-bye!' Adeus!' said he, feeling for the unfastened hook and eye on his coat. disse ele, tateando o colchete solto e o olho em seu casaco.

In spite of advice to mollify the coachman by another tip, he put on his cap and stood in the middle of the room. The friends kissed once, then again, and after a pause, a third time. The man in the fur-lined coat approached the table and emptied a champagne glass, then took the plain little man's hand and blushed. 'Ah well, I will speak out all the same … I must and will be frank with you because I am fond of you … Of course you love her—I always thought so—don't you?' 'Yes,' answered his friend, smiling still more gently. 'And perhaps…' 'Please sir, I have orders to put out the candles,' said the sleepy attendant, who had been listening to the last part of the conversation and wondering why gentlefolk always talk about one and the same thing. 'To whom shall I make out the bill? To you, sir?' he added, knowing whom to address and turning to the tall man.

'To me,' replied the tall man. 'How much?' 'Twenty-six rubles.' The tall man considered for a moment, but said nothing and put the bill in his pocket.

The other two continued their talk.

'Good-bye, you are a capital fellow!' said the short plain man with the mild eyes. Tears filled the eyes of both. They stepped into the porch.

'Oh, by the by,' said the traveller, turning with a blush to the tall man, 'will you settle Chevalier's bill and write and let me know?' 'All right, all right!' said the tall man, pulling on his gloves. 'How I envy you!' he added quite unexpectedly when they were out in the porch.

The traveller got into his sledge, wrapped his coat about him, and said: 'Well then, come along!' He even moved a little to make room in the sledge for the man who said he envied him—his voice trembled.

'Good-bye, Mitya! I hope that with God's help you…' said the tall one. But his wish was that the other would go away quickly, and so he could not finish the sentence.

They were silent a moment. Then someone again said, 'Good-bye,' and a voice cried, 'Ready,' and the coachman touched up the horses. 'Hy, Elisar!' One of the friends called out, and the other coachman and the sledge-drivers began moving, clicking their tongues and pulling at the reins. Then the stiffened carriage-wheels rolled squeaking over the frozen snow.

'A fine fellow, that Olenin!' said one of the friends. 'But what an idea to go to the Caucasus—as a cadet, too! I wouldn't do it for anything. … Are you dining at the club to-morrow?' 'Yes.' They separated.

The traveller felt warm, his fur coat seemed too hot. He sat on the bottom of the sledge and unfastened his coat, and the three shaggy post-horses dragged themselves out of one dark street into another, past houses he had never before seen. It seemed to Olenin that only travellers starting on a long journey went through those streets. All was dark and silent and dull around him, but his soul was full of memories, love, regrets, and a pleasant tearful feeling.