Part 3. Chapter 24. Parte 3. Capítulo 24. パート3.第24章

The night spent by Levin on the haycock did not pass without result for him. La nuit passée par Levin sur le haycock ne passa pas sans résultat pour lui. The way in which he had been managing his land revolted him and had lost all attraction for him. La manière dont il gérait sa terre le révoltait et avait perdu tout attrait pour lui. Tai, kaip jis tvarkė savo žemę, sukėlė jį ir prarado visišką potraukį jam. In spite of the magnificent harvest, never had there been, or, at least, never it seemed to him, had there been so many hindrances and so many quarrels between him and the peasants as that year, and the origin of these failures and this hostility was now perfectly comprehensible to him. The delight he had experienced in the work itself, and the consequent greater intimacy with the peasants, the envy he felt of them, of their life, the desire to adopt that life, which had been to him that night not a dream but an intention, the execution of which he had thought out in detail —all this had so transformed his view of the farming of the land as he had managed it, that he could not take his former interest in it, and could not help seeing that unpleasant relation between him and the workpeople which was the foundation of it all. Le plaisir qu'il avait éprouvé dans l'œuvre elle-même, et l'intimité plus grande conséquente avec les paysans, l'envie qu'il ressentait d'eux, de leur vie, le désir d'adopter cette vie, qui avait été pour lui cette nuit-là non pas un rêve mais une intention , à l'exécution dont il avait réfléchi en détail - tout cela avait tellement transformé sa vision de l'exploitation de la terre telle qu'il l'avait gérée, qu'il ne pouvait pas y prendre son ancien intérêt, et ne pouvait s'empêcher de voir cette relation désagréable entre lui et les ouvriers qui était le fondement de tout cela. The herd of improved cows such as Pava, the whole land ploughed over and enriched, the nine level fields surrounded with hedges, the two hundred and forty acres heavily manured, the seed sown in drills, and all the rest of it—it was all splendid if only the work had been done for themselves, or for themselves and comrades —people in sympathy with them. Le troupeau de vaches améliorées comme Pava, toute la terre labourée et enrichie, les neuf champs de niveau entourés de haies, les deux cent quarante acres lourdement engrais, les graines semées dans des semoirs, et tout le reste - c'était tout splendide si seulement le travail avait été fait pour eux-mêmes, ou pour eux-mêmes et des camarades - des gens en sympathie avec eux. But he saw clearly now (his work on a book of agriculture, in which the chief element in husbandry was to have been the laborer, greatly assisted him in this) that the sort of farming he was carrying on was nothing but a cruel and stubborn struggle between him and the laborers, in which there was on one side—his side—a continual intense effort to change everything to a pattern he considered better; on the other side, the natural order of things. Mais il voyait clairement maintenant (son travail sur un livre d'agriculture, dans lequel l'élément principal de l'élevage devait être l'ouvrier, l'a grandement aidé en cela) que le genre d'agriculture qu'il pratiquait n'était rien d'autre qu'une culture cruelle et têtue. lutte entre lui et les ouvriers, dans laquelle il y avait d'un côté - son côté - un effort continu et intense pour tout changer en un modèle qu'il jugeait meilleur; de l'autre, l'ordre naturel des choses. And in this struggle he saw that with immense expenditure of force on his side, and with no effort or even intention on the other side, all that was attained was that the work did not go to the liking of either side, and that splendid tools, splendid cattle and land were spoiled with no good to anyone. Worst of all, the energy expended on this work was not simply wasted. He could not help feeling now, since the meaning of this system had become clear to him, that the aim of his energy was a most unworthy one. In reality, what was the struggle about? He was struggling for every farthing of his share (and he could not help it, for he had only to relax his efforts, and he would not have had the money to pay his laborers' wages), while they were only struggling to be able to do their work easily and agreeably, that is to say, as they were used to doing it. Il luttait pour chaque centime de sa part (et il ne pouvait pas s'en empêcher, car il n'avait qu'à relâcher ses efforts, et il n'aurait pas eu l'argent pour payer le salaire de ses ouvriers), alors qu'ils luttaient seulement pour pouvoir pour faire leur travail facilement et agréablement, c'est-à-dire comme ils avaient l'habitude de le faire. It was for his interests that every laborer should work as hard as possible, and that while doing so he should keep his wits about him, so as to try not to break the winnowing machines, the horse rakes, the thrashing machines, that he should attend to what he was doing. C'était pour son intérêt que chaque ouvrier devrait travailler aussi dur que possible, et que ce faisant, il devrait garder son esprit à son sujet, afin d'essayer de ne pas casser les machines à vanner, les râteaux à chevaux, les machines à battre, qu'il devrait s'occupe de ce qu'il faisait. Jo interesai buvo, kad kiekvienas darbininkas turėtų kuo daugiau dirbti ir tai darydamas turėtų laikytis proto apie save, kad stengtųsi nelaužyti laužimo mašinų, arklių grėblių, mėtymo mašinų, kad jis turėtų žiūrėti į tai, ką jis darė. What the laborer wanted was to work as pleasantly as possible, with rests, and above all, carelessly and heedlessly, without thinking. Ce que l'ouvrier voulait, c'était travailler le plus agréablement possible, avec du repos, et surtout, avec insouciance et insouciance, sans réfléchir. That summer Levin saw this at every step. He sent the men to mow some clover for hay, picking out the worst patches where the clover was overgrown with grass and weeds and of no use for seed; again and again they mowed the best acres of clover, justifying themselves by the pretense that the bailiff had told them to, and trying to pacify him with the assurance that it would be splendid hay; but he knew that it was owing to those acres being so much easier to mow. Il envoya les hommes tondre du trèfle pour le foin, en sélectionnant les pires parcelles où le trèfle était envahi par l'herbe et les mauvaises herbes et sans aucune utilité pour la semence; encore et encore ils fauchaient les meilleurs acres de trèfle, se justifiant par la prétention que le bailli leur avait dit, et essayant de le pacifier avec l'assurance que ce serait un foin splendide; mais il savait que c'était dû au fait que ces acres étaient tellement plus faciles à tondre. He sent out a hay machine for pitching the hay—it was broken at the first row because it was dull work for a peasant to sit on the seat in front with the great wings waving above him. Il envoya une machine à foin pour lancer le foin - elle était cassée au premier rang parce que c'était un travail ennuyeux pour un paysan de s'asseoir sur le siège en face avec les grandes ailes ondulant au-dessus de lui. And he was told, "Don't trouble, your honor, sure, the womenfolks will pitch it quick enough." Et on lui a dit: "Ne vous inquiétez pas, votre honneur, bien sûr, les femmes le feront assez vite." The ploughs were practically useless, because it never occurred to the laborer to raise the share when he turned the plough, and forcing it round, he strained the horses and tore up the ground, and Levin was begged not to mind about it. Les charrues étaient pratiquement inutiles, car il ne vint jamais à l'ouvrier de soulever la part quand il tourna la charrue, et en la forçant à tourner, il tendit les chevaux et déchira le sol, et Levin fut prié de ne pas s'en soucier. The horses were allowed to stray into the wheat because not a single laborer would consent to be night-watchman, and in spite of orders to the contrary, the laborers insisted on taking turns for night duty, and Ivan, after working all day long, fell asleep, and was very penitent for his fault, saying, "Do what you will to me, your honor." Les chevaux ont été autorisés à s'égarer dans le blé car pas un seul ouvrier ne consentirait à être veilleur de nuit, et malgré les ordres contraires, les ouvriers ont insisté pour se relayer pour le service de nuit, et Ivan, après avoir travaillé toute la journée, s'est endormi, et a été très pénitent pour sa faute, en disant: "Faites ce que vous voulez pour moi, votre honneur." They killed three of the best calves by letting them into the clover aftermath without care as to their drinking, and nothing would make the men believe that they had been blown out by the clover, but they told him, by way of consolation, that one of his neighbors had lost a hundred and twelve head of cattle in three days. Ils ont tué trois des meilleurs veaux en les laissant entrer dans le trèfle sans se soucier de leur consommation d'alcool, et rien ne ferait croire aux hommes qu'ils avaient été soufflés par le trèfle, mais ils lui ont dit, en guise de consolation, celui-là. de ses voisins avaient perdu cent douze têtes de bétail en trois jours. All this happened, not because anyone felt ill-will to Levin or his farm; on the contrary, he knew that they liked him, thought him a simple gentleman (their highest praise); but it happened simply because all they wanted was to work merrily and carelessly, and his interests were not only remote and incomprehensible to them, but fatally opposed to their most just claims. Long before, Levin had felt dissatisfaction with his own position in regard to the land. Bien avant, Levin s'était senti mécontent de sa propre position à l'égard de la terre. He saw where his boat leaked, but he did not look for the leak, perhaps purposely deceiving himself. Il a vu où son bateau fuyait, mais il n'a pas cherché la fuite, se trompant peut-être volontairement. (Nothing would be left him if he lost faith in it.) But now he could deceive himself no longer. The farming of the land, as he was managing it, had become not merely unattractive but revolting to him, and he could take no further interest in it.

To this now was joined the presence, only twenty-five miles off, of Kitty Shtcherbatskaya, whom he longed to see and could not see. Darya Alexandrovna Oblonskaya had invited him, when he was over there, to come; to come with the object of renewing his offer to her sister, who would, so she gave him to understand, accept him now. Levin himself had felt on seeing Kitty Shtcherbatskaya that he had never ceased to love her; but he could not go over to the Oblonskys', knowing she was there. The fact that he had made her an offer, and she had refused him, had placed an insuperable barrier between her and him. "I can't ask her to be my wife merely because she can't be the wife of the man she wanted to marry," he said to himself. The thought of this made him cold and hostile to her. "I should not be able to speak to her without a feeling of reproach; I could not look at her without resentment; and she will only hate me all the more, as she's bound to. And besides, how can I now, after what Darya Alexandrovna told me, go to see them? Can I help showing that I know what she told me? Puis-je aider à montrer que je sais ce qu'elle m'a dit? And me to go magnanimously to forgive her, and have pity on her! Me go through a performance before her of forgiving, and deigning to bestow my love on her!… What induced Darya Alexandrovna to tell me that? Je passe devant elle une performance de pardonner et de daigner lui accorder mon amour!… Qu'est-ce qui a poussé Darya Alexandrovna à me dire ça? By chance I might have seen her, then everything would have happened of itself; but, as it is, it's out of the question, out of the question!" Darya Alexandrovna sent him a letter, asking him for a side-saddle for Kitty's use. Darya Alexandrovna lui a envoyé une lettre, lui demandant une selle latérale à l'usage de Kitty. "I'm told you have a side-saddle," she wrote to him; "I hope you will bring it over yourself." This was more than he could stand. How could a woman of any intelligence, of any delicacy, put her sister in such a humiliating position! Comment une femme de toute intelligence, de toute délicatesse pourrait-elle mettre sa sœur dans une situation aussi humiliante! He wrote ten notes, and tore them all up, and sent the saddle without any reply. To write that he would go was impossible, because he could not go; to write that he could not come because something prevented him, or that he would be away, that was still worse. He sent the saddle without an answer, and with a sense of having done something shameful; he handed over all the now revolting business of the estate to the bailiff, and set off next day to a remote district to see his friend Sviazhsky, who had splendid marshes for grouse in his neighborhood, and had lately written to ask him to keep a long-standing promise to stay with him. Il a envoyé la selle sans réponse et avec le sentiment d'avoir fait quelque chose de honteux; il remit toutes les affaires maintenant révoltantes du domaine à l'huissier, et partit le lendemain dans un district éloigné pour voir son ami Sviazhsky, qui avait de splendides marais pour tétras dans son quartier, et avait récemment écrit pour lui demander de garder un promesse de longue date de rester avec lui. The grouse-marsh, in the Surovsky district, had long tempted Levin, but he had continually put off this visit on account of his work on the estate. Now he was glad to get away from the neighborhood of the Shtcherbatskys, and still more from his farm work, especially on a shooting expedition, which always in trouble served as the best consolation.