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The Awakening of Europe, 16. Drake's Voyage round the World

16. Drake's Voyage round the World

"Coastwise—cross seas—round the world and back again." —KIPLING.

Drake's chance came at last, and with the sanction of his queen he sailed out of Plymouth harbour, bound for the chartless ocean, hitherto only crossed by Magellan. It was the middle of November in the year 1577. Drake was now thirty-two, in the prime of his strength and manhood. Dressed in his seaman's shirt, belted at the waist, a scarlet cap with gold band on his head, he waved his farewell to England from the deck of his flagship the Pelican, a small vessel indeed for the vast expedition before him. The seamen—some 150 in number—knew nothing of their destination, but they must have guessed, from the twenty guns on the Pelican, that there was danger ahead.

There was, indeed, danger ahead, but there was danger on board too. Second in command of the little fleet was one Thomas Doughty. His conduct was suspicious from the very first, and by the time South America was reached there was no longer any room to doubt that he was a traitor. Having run the ships into a harbour on the coast of Patagonia, Drake called his men together to take council what should be done. It was the spot where Magellan had tried his mutinous men years ago, and the stump of his gallows stood on the desolate wind-swept shore. The trial lasted two days. The case was even more desperate than Drake had imagined. Doughty had betrayed the queen's secret, he had nearly upset the whole expedition. "They that think this man worthy of death, let them, with me, hold up their hands," cried Drake at the last. As the words left his lips a throng of brown hands were raised. The traitor must die. A block was prepared. An altar was raised beside it. Then the two old friends, Drake and Doughty, knelt side by side to ask forgiveness; rising, they kissed one another, and in another minute the sword had fallen, and as Doughty's head was held up to view, Drake cried, "Lo, this is the end of traitors." From this moment his rule was undisputed. Treason and mutiny played no further part in the expedition. Boldly now Drake entered the Straits of Magellan, bound for the Southern Sea. Storms and tempests burst upon the little ships, but the commander's splendid seamanship triumphed over unknown dangers, till after fourteen days they sailed out into the Pacific Ocean. Here a terrific storm burst upon them. The sky was dark, by night and day the wind roared and howled. This went on for fifty-three days, at the end of which time Drake found himself alone. His little fleet had entirely disappeared. But the winds had driven him farther south than any ship had been before. He landed on an unknown island, and laying himself flat on the earth, he embraced with his arms the southernmost point of the world, now known as Cape Horn.

A month later a Spanish ship was lazily waiting in the harbour of Valparaiso for a wind to carry her to Panama with a cargo of gold from Peru, when a sail hove in sight. The Spaniards ran up flags and beat their drums to welcome their supposed countrymen. The Pelican shot alongside and English sailors leapt on board, crying, "Down, dogs! down!" as they caught and bound the astonished Spaniards. It was not long before the Spanish crew were stowed safely away, and their precious cargo was transferred to the Pelican. For three days the plunder went on. The English, who had lived on salt penguin for months, were refreshed, and the Pelican, richly freighted with Spanish goods, sailed northwards with its prize.

Still chasing and plundering Spanish ships on the coast of South America, Drake made his way northwards and ever northwards, up the coast of North America to San Francisco, still hugging his treasure. The cold was intense, his rigging was frozen, his crew sick, but his hot courage never failed him.

On July 25, 1579, he struck across the unknown ocean, bound for the Moluccas. As if by inspiration, he pushed on and on. Sixty-eight days passed with no signs of land, till at last he reached the Philippine Islands, where Magellan had met his tragic end.

It would take too long to tell of the homeward voyage, by the Cape of Good Hope,—how the treasure-laden ship ran on to a reef among the East India Islands, and how even her commander gave her up as lost; but she overcame all difficulties and accomplished her great exploit. It was three years after Drake had sailed from England that the Pelican, whose name was now changed to the Golden Hind, laboured into Plymouth Sound. The prayer uttered by Drake six years before had been fulfilled. He had sailed the Pacific Ocean in an English ship, and he had sailed it from side to side. Its secret was England's at last, and, laden with its wealth, the triumphant explorer was now stepping ashore to lay his booty at the feet of his queen. Soon all England was ringing with his name. Elizabeth herself went to Plymouth, and, after a banquet on board, knighted the "master thief of the unknown world." She ordered the Golden Hind to be preserved for ever as a worthy rival of Magellan's Victoria. The tide of the great Spanish empire had turned at last.

16. Drake's Voyage round the World 16. Drakes Weltumseglung 16. Drake's Voyage round the World 16. El viaje de Drake alrededor del mundo 16. Le voyage de Drake autour du monde 16. Il viaggio di Drake intorno al mondo 16.ドレークの世界一周航海 16. A viagem de Drake à volta do mundo 16. Călătoria lui Drake în jurul lumii 16. Drake'in Dünya Etrafındaki Yolculuğu 16. Навколосвітня подорож Дрейка 16.德雷克的环球航行 16.德雷克的環球航行

"Coastwise—cross seas—round the world and back again." "Coastwise—cross seas—round the world and back again." "De-a lungul coastelor, peste mări, în jurul lumii și înapoi." —KIPLING. -KIPLING.

Drake's chance came at last, and with the sanction of his queen he sailed out of Plymouth harbour, bound for the chartless ocean, hitherto only crossed by Magellan. L'occasione per Drake arrivò infine e, con l'approvazione della sua regina, salpò dal porto di Plymouth, diretto verso l'oceano senza carte, fino ad allora attraversato solo da Magellano. Șansa lui Drake a venit în cele din urmă și, cu aprobarea reginei sale, a plecat din portul Plymouth, cu destinația oceanul fără hartă, traversat până atunci doar de Magellan. It was the middle of November in the year 1577. Era mijlocul lunii noiembrie a anului 1577. Drake was now thirty-two, in the prime of his strength and manhood. Drake aveva ormai trentadue anni, nel pieno delle forze e della virilità. Drake avea acum treizeci și doi de ani, în floarea vârstei și a bărbăției. Dressed in his seaman's shirt, belted at the waist, a scarlet cap with gold band on his head, he waved his farewell to England from the deck of his flagship the Pelican, a small vessel indeed for the vast expedition before him. Gekleed in zijn zeemanshemd, gordel om het middel, een scharlaken pet met gouden band op zijn hoofd, zwaaide hij afscheid van Engeland vanaf het dek van zijn vlaggenschip de Pelican, inderdaad een klein vaartuig voor de uitgestrekte expeditie voor hem. Îmbrăcat în cămașa de marinar, cu centura la brâu, cu o șapcă stacojie cu bandă aurie pe cap, el și-a luat rămas bun de la Anglia de pe puntea navei sale amiral, Pelicanul, o navă mică pentru vasta expediție care îl aștepta. The seamen—some 150 in number—knew nothing of their destination, but they must have guessed, from the twenty guns on the Pelican, that there was danger ahead. Marinarii - vreo 150 la număr - nu știau nimic despre destinația lor, dar trebuie să fi ghicit, după cele douăzeci de tunuri de pe Pelican, că exista un pericol în față.

There was, indeed, danger ahead, but there was danger on board too. Într-adevăr, exista un pericol în față, dar și la bordul navei. Second in command of the little fleet was one Thomas Doughty. Al doilea la comanda micii flote era un anume Thomas Doughty. 这支小舰队的第二指挥是托马斯·道蒂。 His conduct was suspicious from the very first, and by the time South America was reached there was no longer any room to doubt that he was a traitor. La sua condotta fu sospetta fin dal primo momento e quando il Sud America fu raggiunto non c'era più spazio per dubitare che fosse un traditore. 彼の行動は最初から疑わしく、南アメリカに到達するまでに、彼が裏切り者であることを疑う余地はもはやありませんでした。 Zijn gedrag was van meet af aan verdacht, en tegen de tijd dat Zuid-Amerika werd bereikt, was er geen twijfel meer mogelijk dat hij een verrader was. Comportamentul său a fost suspect încă de la început, iar în momentul în care s-a ajuns în America de Sud nu mai era loc de îndoială că era un trădător. Having run the ships into a harbour on the coast of Patagonia, Drake called his men together to take council what should be done. Dopo aver condotto le navi in un porto sulla costa della Patagonia, Drake riunì i suoi uomini per decidere il da farsi. După ce navele au ajuns într-un port de pe coasta Patagoniei, Drake și-a convocat oamenii pentru a decide ce trebuie făcut. It was the spot where Magellan had tried his mutinous men years ago, and the stump of his gallows stood on the desolate wind-swept shore. Era il luogo in cui Magellano aveva processato i suoi uomini ammutinati anni prima, e il ceppo della sua forca si ergeva sulla riva desolata e spazzata dal vento. Era locul în care Magellan își judecase oamenii răzvrătiți cu ani în urmă, iar butucul spânzurătorii sale se afla pe malul pustiu și bătut de vânt. Burası yıllar önce Macellan'ın isyankâr adamlarını yargıladığı yerdi ve darağacının kütüğü rüzgârın süpürdüğü ıssız kıyıda duruyordu. The trial lasted two days. Il processo è durato due giorni. Procesul a durat două zile. The case was even more desperate than Drake had imagined. Cazul era chiar mai disperat decât își imaginase Drake. Doughty had betrayed the queen's secret, he had nearly upset the whole expedition. Doughty aveva tradito il segreto della regina, aveva quasi sconvolto l'intera spedizione. Doughty trădase secretul reginei, aproape că a dat peste cap întreaga expediție. "They that think this man worthy of death, let them, with me, hold up their hands," cried Drake at the last. "Coloro che ritengono quest'uomo degno di morte, alzino le mani insieme a me", gridò Drake all'ultimo momento. "Cei care cred că acest om merită să moară, să ridice, împreună cu mine, mâinile", a strigat Drake în cele din urmă. As the words left his lips a throng of brown hands were raised. În momentul în care cuvintele au ieșit de pe buzele lui, o mulțime de mâini maro s-au ridicat. The traitor must die. Trădătorul trebuie să moară. A block was prepared. An altar was raised beside it. Lângă el a fost ridicat un altar. Then the two old friends, Drake and Doughty, knelt side by side to ask forgiveness; rising, they kissed one another, and in another minute the sword had fallen, and as Doughty's head was held up to view, Drake cried, "Lo, this is the end of traitors." Toen knielden de twee oude vrienden, Drake en Doughty, zij aan zij om vergeving te vragen; ze stonden op, kusten elkaar, en in een andere minuut was het zwaard gevallen, en toen Doughty's hoofd werd opgehouden om te zien, riep Drake: "Zie, dit is het einde van de verraders." Atunci cei doi vechi prieteni, Drake și Doughty, au îngenuncheat unul lângă altul pentru a-și cere iertare; ridicându-se, s-au sărutat unul pe altul și, într-un minut, sabia a căzut și, în timp ce capul lui Doughty era ținut la vedere, Drake a strigat: "Iată, acesta este sfârșitul trădătorilor". From this moment his rule was undisputed. Din acest moment, domnia sa a fost de necontestat. Treason and mutiny played no further part in the expedition. Trădarea și răzvrătirea nu au mai jucat niciun rol în expediție. Boldly now Drake entered the Straits of Magellan, bound for the Southern Sea. Con coraggio Drake entrò nello Stretto di Magellano, diretto verso il Mare del Sud. Drake a intrat cu îndrăzneală în Strâmtoarea Magellan, cu destinația Marea Sudului. Storms and tempests burst upon the little ships, but the commander's splendid seamanship triumphed over unknown dangers, till after fourteen days they sailed out into the Pacific Ocean. Furtuni și furtuni s-au năpustit asupra micilor nave, dar splendida pricepere a comandantului a triumfat asupra pericolelor necunoscute, până când, după paisprezece zile, au navigat în Oceanul Pacific. Here a terrific storm burst upon them. Qui si scatenò una terribile tempesta. Aici o furtună teribilă s-a abătut asupra lor. The sky was dark, by night and day the wind roared and howled. Cerul era întunecat, ziua și noaptea vântul răcnea și urla. This went on for fifty-three days, at the end of which time Drake found himself alone. Acest lucru a durat cincizeci și trei de zile, la sfârșitul cărora Drake s-a trezit singur. His little fleet had entirely disappeared. Mica sa flotă dispăruse în întregime. But the winds had driven him farther south than any ship had been before. Dar vânturile îl împinseseră mai departe spre sud decât fusese orice navă până atunci. He landed on an unknown island, and laying himself flat on the earth, he embraced with his arms the southernmost point of the world, now known as Cape Horn. 彼は未知の島に上陸し、地球上に平らに横たわり、現在はホーン岬として知られている世界最南端の地点を腕で抱きしめました。 A debarcat pe o insulă necunoscută și, întins pe pământ, a îmbrățișat cu brațele punctul cel mai sudic al lumii, cunoscut acum sub numele de Capul Horn.

A month later a Spanish ship was lazily waiting in the harbour of Valparaiso for a wind to carry her to Panama with a cargo of gold from Peru, when a sail hove in sight. Un mese dopo, una nave spagnola stava aspettando pigramente nel porto di Valparaiso un vento che la portasse a Panama con un carico d'oro proveniente dal Perù, quando una vela si avvicinò. 1か月後、スペインの船がバルパライソの港で、ペルーからの金の貨物を持ってパナマに彼女を運ぶ風をゆっくりと待っていました。 O lună mai târziu, un vas spaniol aștepta leneș în portul Valparaiso să bată vântul care să-l ducă în Panama cu o încărcătură de aur din Peru, când o velă a intrat în vizor. Месяц спустя испанский корабль лениво ждал в гавани Вальпараисо попутного ветра, чтобы отнести его в Панаму с грузом золота из Перу, когда в поле зрения появился парус. The Spaniards ran up flags and beat their drums to welcome their supposed countrymen. スペイン人は旗を掲げて太鼓を叩き、彼らの想定される同胞を歓迎しました。 Spaniolii au arborat steaguri și au bătut tobele pentru a-și întâmpina presupușii compatrioți. The Pelican shot alongside and English sailors leapt on board, crying, "Down, dogs! Il Pelican si accostò e i marinai inglesi salirono a bordo gridando: "Giù, cani! ペリカンが横に撃ち、イギリスの船員が船に飛び乗って、「犬よ！ Pelicanul a tras pe lângă el și marinarii englezi au sărit la bord, strigând: "Jos, câini! down!" 下！" as they caught and bound the astonished Spaniards. 彼らが驚いたスペイン人を捕まえて縛ったとき。 în timp ce îi prindeau și îi legau pe spaniolii uimiți. It was not long before the Spanish crew were stowed safely away, and their precious cargo was transferred to the Pelican. スペインの乗組員が無事に収容され、彼らの貴重な貨物がペリカンに移されるまで、そう長くはかかりませんでした。 Não demorou muito para que a tripulação espanhola fosse guardada em segurança, e sua preciosa carga foi transferida para o Pelican. Nu a durat mult până când echipajul spaniol a fost depozitat în siguranță, iar încărcătura lor prețioasă a fost transferată pe Pelican. For three days the plunder went on. 3日間略奪が続いた。 Timp de trei zile, jafurile au continuat. The English, who had lived on salt penguin for months, were refreshed, and the Pelican, richly freighted with Spanish goods, sailed northwards with its prize. Gli inglesi, che per mesi avevano vissuto di pinguino salato, si rifocillarono e il Pelican, ricco di merci spagnole, salpò verso nord con il suo premio. 何ヶ月も塩ペンギンに住んでいたイギリス人はリフレッシュし、ペリカンはスペインの品物を豊富に積んで、その賞品を持って北に向かって航海しました。 Englezii, care trăiseră cu pinguin sărat timp de luni de zile, au fost reîmprospătați, iar Pelicanul, bogat încărcat cu mărfuri spaniole, a navigat spre nord cu premiul său.

Still chasing and plundering Spanish ships on the coast of South America, Drake made his way northwards and ever northwards, up the coast of North America to San Francisco, still hugging his treasure. まだ南アメリカの海岸でスペインの船を追いかけ、略奪しているドレイクは、北アメリカの海岸を上ってサンフランシスコに向かって北に向かって、そしてずっと北に向かって進み、まだ彼の宝物を抱きしめていました。 Continuând să urmărească și să jefuiască navele spaniole de pe coasta Americii de Sud, Drake și-a croit drum spre nord și tot mai spre nord, pe coasta Americii de Nord, până la San Francisco, îmbrățișându-și în continuare comoara. The cold was intense, his rigging was frozen, his crew sick, but his hot courage never failed him. Frigul a fost intens, echipamentul era înghețat, echipajul său bolnav, dar curajul său fierbinte nu l-a dezamăgit niciodată.

On July 25, 1579, he struck across the unknown ocean, bound for the Moluccas. Op 25 juli 1579 stak hij de onbekende oceaan over, op weg naar de Molukken. La 25 iulie 1579, a traversat oceanul necunoscut, cu destinația Moluccas. 25 июля 1579 года он отправился в путь через неизвестный океан, направляясь к Молуккским островам. As if by inspiration, he pushed on and on. まるでインスピレーションのように、彼はどんどん進んでいきました。 Ca și cum ar fi fost inspirat, el a continuat. Sixty-eight days passed with no signs of land, till at last he reached the Philippine Islands, where Magellan had met his tragic end.

It would take too long to tell of the homeward voyage, by the Cape of Good Hope,—how the treasure-laden ship ran on to a reef among the East India Islands, and how even her commander gave her up as lost; but she overcame all difficulties and accomplished her great exploit. 喜望峰による帰路の航海、つまり宝物を積んだ船が東インド諸島のサンゴ礁にどのように走ったか、そして彼女の指揮官でさえ彼女を失ったものとしてあきらめたのかを知るには時間がかかりすぎるでしょう。しかし、彼女はすべての困難を克服し、彼女の偉大な功績を成し遂げました。 Ar dura prea mult timp să povestim despre călătoria de întoarcere acasă, prin Capul Bunei Speranțe, despre cum nava încărcată cu comori s-a lovit de un recif printre Insulele Indiilor de Est și cum chiar și comandantul ei a dat-o ca pierdută; dar a depășit toate dificultățile și a reușit marea ei ispravă. Слишком долго рассказывать о плавании домой, к мысу Доброй Надежды, о том, как корабль с сокровищами натолкнулся на риф среди островов Ост-Индии, и как даже командир сдал его как потерянный; но он преодолел все трудности и совершил свой великий подвиг. It was three years after Drake had sailed from England that the Pelican, whose name was now changed to the Golden Hind, laboured into Plymouth Sound. La trei ani după ce Drake a plecat din Anglia, Pelicanul, al cărui nume a fost schimbat în Golden Hind, a ajuns în Plymouth Sound. Через три года после отплытия Дрейка из Англии корабль "Пеликан", название которого теперь было изменено на "Золотой вереск", вошел в Плимутский залив. The prayer uttered by Drake six years before had been fulfilled. 6年前にドレイクが発した祈りは成就した。 Rugăciunea rostită de Drake cu șase ani în urmă se împlinise. Молитва, произнесенная Дрейком шесть лет назад, была исполнена. He had sailed the Pacific Ocean in an English ship, and he had sailed it from side to side. 彼はイギリスの船で太平洋を航海し、それを左右に航海していました。 A traversat Oceanul Pacific pe un vas englezesc și l-a navigat de la o parte la alta. Its secret was England's at last, and, laden with its wealth, the triumphant explorer was now stepping ashore to lay his booty at the feet of his queen. その秘密はついにイギリスのものであり、その富を積んだ、勝利を収めた探検家は今、彼の女王の足元に彼の戦利品を置くために上陸していました。 Secretul său era, în sfârșit, al Angliei și, încărcat cu bogățiile sale, exploratorul triumfător pășea acum pe țărm pentru a-și depune prada la picioarele reginei sale. Soon all England was ringing with his name. Вскоре вся Англия звенела от его имени. Elizabeth herself went to Plymouth, and, after a banquet on board, knighted the "master thief of the unknown world." エリザベス自身がプリマスに行き、船上での宴会の後、「未知の世界のマスター泥棒」を騎士にした。 Elisabeta însăși a mers la Plymouth și, după un banchet la bord, l-a făcut cavaler pe "maestrul hoț al lumii necunoscute". Елизавета сама отправилась в Плимут и после банкета на борту посвятила в рыцари "мастера-вора неизвестного мира". She ordered the Golden Hind to be preserved for ever as a worthy rival of Magellan's Victoria. Ea a ordonat ca Golden Hind să fie păstrat pentru totdeauna ca un rival demn de Victoria lui Magellan. The tide of the great Spanish empire had turned at last. ついにスペイン帝国の潮流が変わりました。 Valul marelui imperiu spaniol se întorsese în sfârșit. Наконец-то в великой испанской империи наступил перелом.