The Importance of Reading 読書の重要性 Viktigheten av å lese A Importância da Leitura

When I sit down and read I'm, I'm gaining more words. 私が座って私がいることを読むとき、私はより多くの言葉を獲得しています。 Quando sento e leio estou, estou ganhando mais palavras. Hi, Steve Kaufmann here. こんにちは、スティーブカウフマンです。 Olá, Steve Kaufmann aqui. And, um, today I want to talk about reading and language learning. そして、ええと、今日は読書と言語学習について話したいと思います。 E, hum, hoje eu quero falar sobre leitura e aprendizado de idiomas. So if you enjoy these videos, please subscribe and click on the bell for notifications. したがって、これらのビデオを楽しんでいる場合は、サブスクライブして、通知のベルをクリックしてください。 Então, se você gosta desses vídeos, inscreva-se e clique no sininho para notificações. If you follow me on a podcast service, please leave a review. ポッドキャストサービスで私をフォローしている場合は、レビューを残してください。 Se você me seguir em um serviço de podcast, por favor, deixe um comentário. Now, for those of you who have been following my channel, you know, that I emphasize listening and reading as being the most important activities for acquiring a language. さて、私のチャンネルをフォローしている方は、言語を習得するための最も重要な活動として、聞くことと読むことを強調していることをご存知でしょう。 Agora, para quem acompanha meu canal, sabe, que enfatizo a escuta e a leitura como sendo as atividades mais importantes para a aquisição de um idioma. Of course, we want to speak, we eventually want to speak a lot. もちろん、私たちは話したいのですが、最終的にはたくさん話したいのです。 Claro, queremos falar, eventualmente queremos falar muito. Our goal is to speak. 私たちの目標は話すことです。 Nosso objetivo é falar. We want to speak well, but the emphasis should be on listening and reading because it's something we can do whenever we want on our own. 私たちは上手に話したいのですが、聞くことと読むことに重点を置く必要があります。それは私たちが自分でやりたいときにいつでもできることだからです。 Queremos falar bem, mas a ênfase deve estar em ouvir e ler porque é algo que podemos fazer sempre que quisermos por conta própria. And it really does help our brain become familiar with the language. そして、それは私たちの脳が言語に慣れるのに本当に役立ちます. E isso realmente ajuda nosso cérebro a se familiarizar com o idioma.

Uh, if you want to read up on it you should check out language acquisition with Stephen Krashen K R A S H E N, who is in my view, the leading explainer of how we learn languages. Uh, si desea leer sobre esto, debe consultar la adquisición de idiomas con Stephen Krashen KRASHEN, quien es, en mi opinión, el principal explicador de cómo aprendemos idiomas. ええと、それについて読みたい場合は、スティーブン・クラシェン・クラシェンの言語習得をチェックしてください. Uh, se você quiser ler sobre isso, você deve verificar a aquisição de idiomas com Stephen Krashen KRASHEN, que é, na minha opinião, o principal explicador de como aprendemos idiomas. So I did a video on listening in French and it has been very well received. それで、フランス語でのリスニングに関するビデオを作成しましたが、非常に好評でした。 Então eu fiz um vídeo sobre escuta em francês e foi muito bem recebido. And so, uh, I'm going to do videos on the subject of listening in other languages, maybe Spanish, Japanese, Chinese. Entonces, eh, voy a hacer videos sobre el tema de escuchar en otros idiomas, tal vez español, japonés, chino. それで、ええと、他の言語、おそらくスペイン語、日本語、中国語で聞くことをテーマにしたビデオを作るつもりです。 E então, uh, eu vou fazer vídeos sobre o assunto de ouvir em outros idiomas, talvez espanhol, japonês, chinês.

Let me know what you would like to hear. 聞きたいことを教えてください。 Deixe-me saber o que você gostaria de ouvir. Of course, I can't necessarily do it all that well in the languages that I don't speak as well, but today I want to focus on reading. Por supuesto, no necesariamente puedo hacerlo tan bien en los idiomas que no hablo tan bien, pero hoy quiero concentrarme en la lectura. もちろん、私が話せない言語でも必ずしもうまくいくとは限りませんが、今日は読書に集中したいと思います。 Claro, não posso necessariamente fazer tudo tão bem nas línguas que não falo tão bem, mas hoje quero me concentrar na leitura. Uh, you'll notice in behind me is a new backdrop. ええと、私の後ろに新しい背景があることに気付くでしょう。 Uh, você notará atrás de mim é um novo pano de fundo. It shows a bookshelf. 本棚を示しています。 Mostra uma estante de livros. So I have two backdrops. だから私は2つの背景を持っています。 Então eu tenho dois cenários. I have my wooden plank backdrop, which is in behind, and I have my bookshelf backdrop because I love books. 後ろに木の板の背景幕があり、本が好きなので本棚の背景幕もあります。 Eu tenho meu fundo de prancha de madeira, que fica atrás, e tenho meu fundo de estante porque amo livros.

So I love reading. だから私は読書が大好きです。 Então eu amo ler. I think reading is a phenomenal technology. 読書は驚異的なテクノロジーだと思います。 Acho que a leitura é uma tecnologia fenomenal. Uh, if we think that that humans did not have the ability to read for most of our existence, as, I mean, if you go back before homosapiens, uh, I mean, for the amount of time that hominids or whatever they're called have been on this, uh, earth during the whole process of evolution, there was no reading. ええと、人間が私たちの存在のほとんどの間読む能力を持っていなかったと私たちが考えるなら、つまり、ホモサピエンスの前にさかのぼると、ええと、つまり、ヒト科またはそれらが何であれ、その時間の長さについてと呼ばれるものは、進化の全過程の間、この、ええと、地球上にありましたが、読み取りはありませんでした。 Uh, se pensarmos que os humanos não tiveram a capacidade de ler durante a maior parte de nossa existência, como, quero dizer, se você voltar antes dos homosapiens, uh, quero dizer, pela quantidade de tempo que os hominídeos ou o que quer que sejam chamados estiveram nesta, uh, terra durante todo o processo de evolução, não houve leitura.

And so all of a sudden, as humankind developed this technology of representing words and thought through symbols, which started however many years ago, and I'm not going to go into the history of writing, but there have been many writing systems today in the world. そして突然、人類が記号で単語や思考を表現するこの技術を開発したので、それは何年も前に始まりました、そして私は書くことの歴史に入るつもりはありませんが、今日では多くの書記体系があります世界。 There are many writing systems, all of a sudden humans, our brains have to develop this ability to convert symbols into meaning into perhaps sound perhaps meaning. Hay muchos sistemas de escritura, de repente los humanos, nuestros cerebros tienen que desarrollar esta habilidad de convertir símbolos en significado en quizás sonido quizás significado. 多くの書記体系がありますが、突然の人間の場合、私たちの脳は、記号を意味からおそらく音の意味に変換するこの能力を開発する必要があります. Existem muitos sistemas de escrita, de repente humanos, nossos cérebros têm que desenvolver essa capacidade de converter símbolos em significado em talvez som, talvez significado.

And, um, it's amazing that our brains have become very good at doing this. そして、ええと、私たちの脳がこれを行うのが非常に得意になったことは驚くべきことです. E, hum, é incrível que nossos cérebros tenham se tornado muito bons em fazer isso. It's not a simple task, I think, although I'm not a, any kind of a cognitive scientist, uh, I find that if I want to, you know, learn how to do something or learn about anything, reading is the fastest way to get there. 単純な作業ではないと思います 私は認知科学者ではありませんが 何かを行う方法や何かについて学びたいと思うなら 読むのが一番速いと思いますそこに着く方法。 Não é uma tarefa simples, eu acho, embora eu não seja um, nenhum tipo de cientista cognitivo, uh, eu acho que se eu quiser, você sabe, aprender a fazer algo ou aprender sobre qualquer coisa, ler é o mais rápido maneira de chegar lá. Uh, listening is great because I can do that while doing other tasks. ええと、他のタスクをしながら聞くことができるので、聞くことは素晴らしいことです。 Uh, ouvir é ótimo porque eu posso fazer isso enquanto faço outras tarefas. Reading I have to basically commit myself to reading this thing, but with reading, I can take notes and reading is, it's this wonderful sense that, that these symbols are being converted into meaning and are somehow miraculously by our brains using sort of a capability that for most of our history, as, as you know, beings, we didn't have. Al leer, básicamente tengo que comprometerme a leer esto, pero con la lectura, puedo tomar notas y la lectura es, es esta maravillosa sensación de que estos símbolos se están convirtiendo en significado y de alguna manera son milagrosamente por nuestros cerebros usando una especie de capacidad. que durante la mayor parte de nuestra historia, como seres, como saben, no tuvimos. 読書 私は基本的にこれを読むことに専念しなければなりませんが、読書をすることでメモをとることができ、読書は、これらの記号が意味に変換され、ある種の能力を使用して私たちの脳によってどういうわけか奇跡的に意味に変換されているという素晴らしい感覚です私たちの歴史のほとんどの間、ご存知のように、私たちは持っていませんでした。 Lendo eu tenho que basicamente me comprometer a ler essa coisa, mas com a leitura, eu posso fazer anotações e ler é, é essa sensação maravilhosa de que esses símbolos estão sendo convertidos em significado e são de alguma forma milagrosamente por nossos cérebros usando uma espécie de capacidade que durante a maior parte da nossa história, como você sabe, seres, nós não tivemos.

And it's certainly true that, that developing the ability to read well is one of the greatest sort of things that we can do to ensure that we can be successful. 確かに、よく読む能力を伸ばすことは、確実に成功するためにできる最大のことの 1 つです。 E certamente é verdade que desenvolver a capacidade de ler bem é uma das melhores coisas que podemos fazer para garantir que possamos ser bem-sucedidos. You know, academically, professionally and so forth. 学問的、専門的などです。 Você sabe, academicamente, profissionalmente e assim por diante. Reading is tremendously powerful. 読書の力は絶大です。 A leitura é tremendamente poderosa. That's not to say that you can't learn through experience. Eso no quiere decir que no puedas aprender a través de la experiencia. 経験から学ぶことができないと言っているわけではありません。 Isso não quer dizer que você não pode aprender através da experiência.

I know many people who are not great readers, but who, you know, develop through their experiences working with machines or around any other kind of thing where they accumulate experience through watching other people do things. Conozco a muchas personas que no son grandes lectores, pero que, ya sabes, se desarrollan a través de sus experiencias trabajando con máquinas o alrededor de cualquier otro tipo de cosas donde acumulan experiencia al ver a otras personas hacer cosas. 私は多くの人を知っていますが、多くの人は読書が得意ではありませんが、機械や他の種類のものを操作する経験を通じて成長し、他の人が物事を行うのを見て経験を積んでいます。 Conheço muitas pessoas que não são grandes leitores, mas que, você sabe, se desenvolvem através de suas experiências trabalhando com máquinas ou em torno de qualquer outro tipo de coisa em que acumulam experiência observando outras pessoas fazerem coisas. And then they do them themselves and they develop a tremendous ability, which makes them very successful humans. そして、彼らは自分でそれらを行い、途方もない能力を開発し、それが彼らを非常に成功した人間にします.

But reading is a shortcut. でも読書は近道です。 Reading is tremendously powerful and there's all kinds of statistics that show that how well we read is a bigger indicator of let's call it economic, social success, professional success, even than the number of years spent, uh, in school or at universities. 読書は非常に強力であり、私たちがどれだけよく読んだかが、学校や大学で過ごした年数よりも、経済的、社会的成功、専門的成功と呼ぼうという大きな指標であることを示すあらゆる種類の統計があります。 So reading is powerful. だから読書は力になる。

The same is true for language learning. 語学学習も同じです。 I like listening. 私は聞くのが好きです。 It's so easy to do. やり方はとても簡単です。 I spend more time listening than anything else because it's so easy to do. とても簡単にできるので、何よりもリスニングに多くの時間を費やしています。 Um, but I realized when I sit down and read I'm, I'm gaining more words like vocabulary acquisition is easier through reading than through listening, at least in my experience. ええと、でも、座って読んでいると、少なくとも私の経験では、リスニングよりもリーディングの方が語彙の習得が容易になるなど、より多くの単語を獲得していることに気付きました。

Because in a way, the sort of visual representation of a word is, is the written form of that word to me, rather than whatever that word represents. Porque, en cierto modo, el tipo de representación visual de una palabra es la forma escrita de esa palabra para mí, en lugar de lo que sea que esa palabra represente. ある意味で、単語の視覚的表現の種類は、その単語が表すものではなく、その単語の書かれた形式であるためです。 So it would be, if it were English, R E D rather than the color red. Entonces sería, si fuera inglés, RED en lugar del color rojo. 英語だと赤ではなくREDになります。 So the written word is a powerful representative of the word and if I have that in my brain, I find it easier to remember vocabulary. つまり、書かれた単語はその単語を強力に代表するものであり、それが頭にあれば、語彙を覚えやすくなります。

That's part of what makes learning Persian and Arabic more difficult because I'm not yet so comfortable with that script that I can automatically call up the sort of written representation of the word. これがペルシア語とアラビア語の学習をより難しくしている原因の 1 つです。なぜなら、私は単語の文字表現を自動的に呼び出すことができるスクリプトにまだ慣れていないからです。 But so reading, I, and I, I say to myself, I want to do more reading and as with all of our activities in languages, variety is good. しかし、読書、私、そして私は自分自身に言います、私はもっと読書をしたいと思っています、そして言語での私たちのすべての活動と同様に、多様性は良いです。 但是所以阅读，我和我，我对自己说，我想做更多的阅读，就像我们所有的语言活动一样，多样性是好的。

So I read on my iPad using LingQ there. そこでLingQを使ってiPadで読みました。 I can look words up. 私は言葉を調べることができます。 I can listen in the case of Persian and Arabic, where the pronunciation is not always obvious, which is also obviously the case in English that the pronunciation is not obvious, text to speech, and I can hear the word pronounced and that'll help me read it. ペルシア語とアラビア語の場合、発音が必ずしも明白ではない場合に聞くことができます。これは、英語でも発音が明白でない場合、テキスト読み上げであり、発音された単語を聞くことができ、それが役立ちます。私はそれを読みました。 我可以听波斯语和阿拉伯语的情况，发音并不总是很明显，这在英语中也很明显，发音不明显，文本到语音，我可以听到这个词的发音，这会有所帮助我读了。

So there's a number of reasons why reading on the iPad, reading in LingQ, saving words and phrases is an easier way for me to read, but at the same time, I think it's good to read paper books. ですから、iPad で読んだり、LingQ で読んだり、単語やフレーズを保存したりする方が読みやすい理由はいくつかありますが、同時に、紙の本を読むのも良いと思います。 And when I was learning, say Slavic languages and even say Polish or Czech, I would enjoy reading paper books, even Romanian, where my vocabulary was more limited because I was so familiar with the alphabet. そして、スラブ語やポーランド語、チェコ語などを学んでいたときは、紙の本を読むのが好きでした。ルーマニア語でさえ、アルファベットに精通していたので語彙が限られていました。 当我学习说斯拉夫语甚至说波兰语或捷克语时，我会喜欢阅读纸质书，甚至是罗马尼亚语，因为我对字母非常熟悉，所以我的词汇量更加有限。

It's more difficult for me to do that in Persian and Arabic. ペルシャ語とアラビア語でそれを行うのは、私にとってより困難です。 在波斯语和阿拉伯语中我更难做到这一点。 So I'm still at the stage where I need, I'm still riding a tricycle, training wheels. だから私はまだ必要な段階にあり、まだ三輪車、補助輪に乗っています。 I'm still at the stage where I need the assist of LingQ, looking up words, hearing the word pronounced this kind of thing in order to enjoy reading. 私はまだLingQの助けが必要な段階にあり、単語を調べたり、このような単語の発音を聞いたりして、読書を楽しむことができます. But still I do find that, whereas I would, you know, tend to say, listen to a podcast, you know, From Al-Jazeera now that more and more content is being, uh, you know, pushed at us on LingQ in terms of things that we can import for our own use. Pero aun así encuentro eso, mientras que yo, ya sabes, tiendo a decir, escuchar un podcast, ya sabes, de Al-Jazeera ahora que más y más contenido está siendo, eh, ya sabes, empujado hacia nosotros en LingQ en términos de cosas que podemos importar para nuestro propio uso. 但我仍然发现，虽然我会，你知道，倾向于说，听一个播客，你知道，来自半岛电视台，现在越来越多的内容正在，呃，你知道，在 LingQ 上向我们推送我们可以导入以供自己使用的事物的条款。

And a lot of that is say newspaper articles. そして、その多くは新聞記事です。 I find it quicker to just take that newspaper article and read it in LingQ rather than going through the process of grabbing a YouTube video, taking the URL and getting the MP3 file and getting it transcribed. Me resulta más rápido simplemente tomar ese artículo de periódico y leerlo en LingQ en lugar de pasar por el proceso de tomar un video de YouTube, tomar la URL, obtener el archivo MP3 y transcribirlo. YouTubeビデオを取得し、URLを取得してMP3ファイルを取得し、それを文字起こしするプロセスを実行するよりも、その新聞記事を取得してLingQで読む方が速いと思います。 And so forth and so on, where listening is easy and it's powerful, powerful for getting us sort of momentum in the language for training us towards speaking the language. などなど、聞くのは簡単で、言語を話すように私たちを訓練するための言語の勢いを得るのに強力で強力です。 I associate listening with speaking and reading with vocabulary acquisition. 私はリスニングとスピーキング、リーディングと語彙習得を関連付けます。

Of course, both are involved in both. もちろん、両方とも両方に関与しています。 So reading helps you speak because you're acquiring more words, listening helps you read. より多くの単語を習得しているので、読むことは話すのに役立ち、聞くことは読むのに役立ちます。 But if I were to say, what is the sort of emphasis in listening? しかし、私が言うなら、リスニングにおける強調とはどのようなものでしょうか? It's speaking. 話している。 What is the emphasis in reading? 読書のポイントは？ It's vocabulary acquisition. 語彙の獲得です。 And so I just wanted to, and I will continue making videos about listening and the importance of listening, but I don't, I don't want to deemphasize reading and, uh, while reading is not something you can do while you're doing other tasks, like is the case with listening, it's something that's relatively portable and you can do it when you have 15 minutes or 10 minutes, or you're waiting somewhere. だから私はただ聞きたかっただけで、聞くことと聞くことの重要性についてのビデオを作り続けますが、そうではありません。読書を軽視したくはありません。リスニングの場合のように、他のタスクを実行することは、比較的移植性が高く、15 分または 10 分、またはどこかで待っているときに実行できます。 And so you can read either because you have a book paper book, or because you have your iPhone and you can just start reading say in the language that you're learning, whether on LingQ or some other, uh, website that you're following. つまり、紙の本を持っているから、または iPhone を持っているから、LingQ であれ他の Web サイトであれ、学習している言語で読み始めることができるからです。続く。

So reading. Okay. Extremely important in language acquisition. 言語習得において非常に重要です。 And, um, but with that, I will try to do more videos in different languages about the power of listening. そして、ええと、それで、聞く力について、さまざまな言語でより多くのビデオを作成しようとします. And if you have some requests there, please let me know. そして、そこで何かリクエストがあれば教えてください。 Thank you for listening.

Thank you for listening. ご聴取ありがとうございました。