Traditional Japanese Clothing Traditionelle japanische Kleidung Traditional Japanese Clothing Ropa tradicional japonesa Vêtements traditionnels japonais 日本の伝統衣装 Vestuário tradicional japonês Традиционная японская одежда Geleneksel Japon Kıyafetleri Традиційний японський одяг 日本传统服饰 日本传统服饰

Voice 1

Welcome to Spotlight. I'm Christy VanArragon. Voice 2

And I'm Joshua Leo. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.

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In Tokyo Japan, a group of men and women walk down a city street. 日本の東京では、男性と女性のグループが街の通りを歩いています。 People stop and look at them. 人々は立ち止まってそれらを見ます。 They are all wearing beautiful clothing. Long sleeves cover their arms. On some wearers, the sleeves are very long – they go to the ground. U některých nositelů jsou rukávy velmi dlouhé – jdou až k zemi. Some of the clothing is covered in pictures – flowers, mountains and birds. Část oblečení je pokryta obrázky – květiny, hory a ptáci. 花、山、鳥など、一部の服は写真で覆われています。 Some are patterned with geometric shapes. Některé jsou zdobeny geometrickými tvary. いくつかは幾何学的な形でパターン化されています。 Others are simply coloured. The clothing wraps around the wearers' bodies. 衣服は着用者の体を包み込みます。 So what is happening? tak co se děje? What makes these clothes so special? Čím jsou tyto šaty tak výjimečné? Today's Spotlight is on the history of this special clothing – Japanese kimono. Voice 2

These people are part of a celebration of traditional Japanese clothing - Tokyo Kimono Week! Tito lidé jsou součástí oslavy tradičního japonského oblečení – Tokijského týdne kimon! これらの人々は、日本の伝統的な服の祭典の一部です-東京着物ウィーク！ Each year, this two week festival shows people the history and future of kimono clothing. It celebrates kimono through the parade that we just described. Slaví kimono průvodem, který jsme právě popsali. 今説明したパレードで着物を祝います。 There is also a clothing show, a musical concert, and events that show people how to wear the kimono.

Voice 1

The kimono is the traditional clothing for both men and women in Japan. It is a simple, straight sided piece of clothing. Je to jednoduchý kus oblečení s rovnými stranami. It is shaped like a T. Wearers wrap the kimono left side over right. Má tvar písmene T. Nositelé kimono omotávají levou stranu přes pravou. Then, they tie it closed with an obi – a long, thin piece of cloth. Poté jej zavážou obi – dlouhým tenkým kusem látky. Kimono may be covered with beautiful pictures, or simply coloured or patterned. Kimono může být pokryto krásnými obrázky nebo jednoduše barevné nebo vzorované. Kimono can have many layers, or just one or two. Kimono může mít mnoho vrstev, nebo jen jednu nebo dvě. This depends on the event and person wearing it. To závisí na události a osobě, která ji nosí.

Voice 2

For example, at an important event, young, unmarried women wear the most detailed kimono. Například na významné události si mladé, neprovdané ženy obléknou to nejpodrobnější kimono. Their kimono are covered in pictures, and have very bright colours. Jejich kimona jsou pokryta obrázky a mají velmi jasné barvy. Unmarried women also wear kimono with very long sleeves. Nezadané ženy také nosí kimono s velmi dlouhými rukávy. These sleeves are much longer and bigger than the wearer's arms. Tyto rukávy jsou mnohem delší a větší než ruce nositele. After a woman is married, her kimono sleeves are much shorter. Poté, co se žena vdá, její kimonové rukávy jsou mnohem kratší.

Voice 1

The pictures and colours on a kimono also have special meaning. Obrázky a barvy na kimonu mají také zvláštní význam. Pictures from nature are very popular. A crane bird means a long life and good luck. Pictures of cherry fruit flowers are only worn in spring. Obrázky květů třešňového ovoce se nosí pouze na jaře. Bamboo and pine trees are for winter. Bambus a borovice jsou na zimu. Purple is a colour for love. And white is a traditional colour for funerals.

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People have worn kimono in Japan since the sixteenth century. V Japonsku lidé nosí kimono od šestnáctého století. This was a time of great peace and wealth in Japan. To byla doba velkého míru a bohatství v Japonsku. Before this time, kimono were a kind of underwear - worn under trousers and a coat. Over time, the kimono became the outside clothing. At first, samurai were the main wearers of kimono. Zpočátku byli hlavními nositeli kimona samurajové. But as the middle class grew richer, they began to wear kimono too. Ale jak střední třída bohatla, začali nosit kimono také. And as they had more money, the kimono became more beautiful. Through their clothing, people were expressing themselves, and showing their wealth. Svým oblečením se lidé vyjadřovali a ukazovali své bohatství.

Voice 1

This troubled the ruling class. To znepokojovalo vládnoucí třídu. They were worried that the social order would fall. Obávali se, že společenský řád padne. So they made strong rules about the kimono - about the cloth, colours and designs permitted. Proto vytvořili přísná pravidla pro kimono - o tkanině, barvách a povolených vzorech. People found ways to avoid these rules - for example, by wearing the banned colour red under their clothing. Lidé našli způsoby, jak se těmto pravidlům vyhnout – například nošením zakázané červené barvy pod oblečením. During this time, the style and kind of kimono changed and developed.

Voice 2

Silk cloth was especially important. Zvláště důležité bylo hedvábné plátno. It was only permitted for some people. Bylo to povoleno jen některým lidem. Silk cloth is made from silk worms. These insects produce very fine, thin ropes or threads. Tento hmyz vytváří velmi jemná, tenká provazce nebo nitě. People gather the threads and make them into cloth. Lidé sbírají nitě a dělají z nich látku. They die the threads with rich colours. Odumírají nitě sytými barvami. Cloth produced this way costs a lot of money and is very beautiful. Látka vyrobená tímto způsobem stojí spoustu peněz a je velmi krásná.

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Then, in 1853, the social order did change. Poté, v roce 1853, se společenský řád skutečně změnil. There was pressure from the United States for more trade. Ze strany Spojených států se objevil tlak na větší obchod. And there was pressure in the country too. A new government pushed for modernization. And some men started to wear western style clothes, especially for business. A někteří muži začali nosit oblečení v západním stylu, zejména pro podnikání. However, most people still wore kimono at home. And it was still the usual choice for women. A stále to byla obvyklá volba pro ženy. Before this, the word kimono simply meant "the thing worn" - it was a word for all clothes, because everyone wore kimono. Předtím slovo kimono znamenalo jednoduše „to, co se nosí“ – bylo to slovo pro všechno oblečení, protože kimono nosil každý. But now, kimono meant traditional clothes.

Voice 2

During this time, there were two other important changes. New technology made silk-making easier and less costly. Nová technologie usnadnila a zlevnila výrobu hedvábí. Different kinds of patterns were possible. And because of the government changes, anyone was permitted to wear silk kimono. A kvůli změnám ve vládě mohl kdokoli nosit hedvábné kimono. This made silk kimono very popular among women. Díky tomu se hedvábné kimono stalo mezi ženami velmi oblíbené. Every woman could wear beautiful, patterned kimono!

Voice 1

Finally, new trade shared kimono, and Japan, with the world. Konečně, nový obchod sdílel kimono a Japonsko se světem. Kimono became popular in London and New York. And people everywhere connected kimono with Japan. Kimono became a symbol of Japan. But just as kimono influenced the west, in Japan kimono colours and pictures were influenced by western designs. Ale stejně jako kimono ovlivnilo západ, v Japonsku byly barvy a obrázky kimon ovlivněny západními vzory.

Voice 2

However, since that time, people have stopped wearing the kimono very much in Japan. Od té doby však lidé v Japonsku kimono velmi přestali nosit. This was particularly true after World War Two. To platilo zejména po druhé světové válce. More and more people chose western style clothes. Collectors began to save old kimono for their beauty and history. Sběratelé začali stará kimona šetřit pro jejich krásu a historii. Some people believed that the kimono would disappear completely. Někteří lidé věřili, že kimono úplně zmizí.

Voice 1

But this has not happened! Ale to se nestalo! People still wear kimono for formal events - like marriage ceremonies and funerals. They also wear them for traditional activities, like the tea ceremony. Nosí je také pro tradiční aktivity, jako je čajový obřad. These traditional kimono also cost a lot of money. Trained experts show men and women how to wrap and tie these kimono. Vyškolení odborníci ukazují mužům a ženám, jak tato kimona zabalit a zavázat. Some women even attend special classes to learn the skill. Některé ženy dokonce navštěvují speciální kurzy, aby se naučily tuto dovednost. Because of this, people see kimono as an important part of culture. They are worn less, but they have more meaning! Nosí se méně, ale mají větší význam!

Voice 2

Events like Tokyo Kimono Week celebrate this cultural history. But some people also hope to bring kimono back as normal clothing - not just for special events. These "everyday" kimono are still most popular for women. Tato „každodenní“ kimona jsou stále nejoblíbenější u žen. It is still common to see old women wearing them. Stále je běžné vidět staré ženy, které je nosí. And for young women, simple cotton kimono are easier to wear, and cost less money. A pro mladé ženy se jednoduchá bavlněná kimono nosí snadněji a stojí méně peněz. Kimono also continue to influence fashion clothing designers. The designs show the continuing beauty of the kimono shape and cloth. Návrhy ukazují pokračující krásu tvaru kimona a látky.

Voice 1

Kimono began as a way to express self and ideas. Kimono začalo jako způsob, jak vyjádřit sebe a své myšlenky. Today, the same thing is true. Dnes platí to samé. Kimono still express ideas of tradition and cultural identity. Kimono stále vyjadřuje myšlenky tradice a kulturní identity. They are an important part of Japan's history and culture. Will they continue to be an important part of Japan's future? Budou i nadále důležitou součástí budoucnosti Japonska? Voice 2

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The writer of today's program was Christy VanArragon. The producer was Joshua Leo. The voices you heard were from the United States. All quotes were adapted for this program and voiced by Spotlight. This program is called "Traditional Japanese Clothing." Voice 2

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