2/N）Losing your mother tongue ⏲️ 6 Minute English 2/N）Die Muttersprache verlieren ⏲️ 6 Minuten Englisch 2/N）Mātes valodas zaudēšana ⏲️ 6 minūšu angļu valoda 2/N）Потеря родного языка ⏲️ 6 Minute English 2/N）Ana dilinizi kaybetmek ⏲️ 6 Dakika İngilizce

Losing your mother tongue ⏲️ 6 Minute English

Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Sam. And I'm Rob. In this programme, we'll be hearing about an issue experienced by many child refugees who are forced to leave their home — the loss of their first, native language, or mother tongue, as they start a new life, learning to speak a new language, in a new country. Bu programda, evlerini terk etmek zorunda kalan birçok çocuk mültecinin yaşadığı bir sorunu dinleyeceğiz - yeni bir ülkede yeni bir dil konuşmayı öğrenerek yeni bir hayata başlarken ilk dillerini veya anadillerini kaybetmek. Julie Sedivy and her family left their home in what was then Czechoslovakia and is now the Czech Republic during the Cold War, when Julie was a small child. After several years travelling through Europe, they arrived in Canada as political refugees with no English. We'll be hearing about Julie's childhood when learning English started to replace her native language, Czech, and, as usual, we'll be learning some new vocabulary as well. Julie'nin ana dili Çekçe'nin yerini İngilizce öğrenmeye başladığı çocukluğunu dinleyeceğiz ve her zamanki gibi bazı yeni kelimeler de öğreneceğiz. But first, I have a question, Rob. Julie's family left their home as political refugees, but every year millions of people are also displaced because of war, persecution, or the damaging effects of climate change. Džūlijas ģimene savas mājas pameta kā politiskie bēgļi, taču katru gadu miljoniem cilvēku arī tiek pārvietoti kara, vajāšanas vai klimata pārmaiņu postošo seku dēļ. So, according to the United Nations, how many people around the world are currently living as displaced refugees? Cik daudz cilvēku visā pasaulē pašlaik dzīvo kā pārvietotie bēgļi? Итак, по данным Организации Объединенных Наций, сколько людей в мире в настоящее время живут как перемещенные беженцы? Peki, Birleşmiş Milletler'e göre şu anda dünya çapında kaç kişi yerinden edilmiş mülteci olarak yaşıyor? Is it: a) 3 million? b) 53 million? or, c) 103 million? I'll guess it's 103 million.I'll reveal the answer later in the programme, Rob. Like many child refugees, Julie spoke only her mother tongue, Czech, at home with her brothers, sisters and parents who, in the beginning, spoke no English at all. Here she describes to Michael Rosen, presenter of BBC Radio 4 programme, Word of Mouth, going to an English-speaking school for the first time.…so, you went into school not, to start off, with really understanding what was going on, is that right? Šeit viņa stāsta BBC Radio 4 raidījuma Word of Mouth vadītājam Maiklam Rosenam par pirmo reizi, kad devās uz angļu valodā runājošu skolu....tātad, sākumā jūs gājāt uz skolu, īsti nesaprotot, kas tur notiek, vai tas ir pareizi? That's right. I just kind of interpreted things as best I could, and my memory of that is that that was not particularly difficult or traumatic. Olayları elimden geldiğince yorumladım ve hatırladığım kadarıyla bu çok zor ya da travmatik bir durum değildi. I think by then I'd had the experience of being dunked into various unfamiliar languages numerous times, and I had faith that it would sort itself out, and that everything would be just fine; and it was of course… At school, Julie was dunked into unfamiliar situations, a bit like a biscuit being dunked into a cup of tea. Domāju, ka līdz tam laikam es jau daudzkārt biju pieredzējusi, ka mani iegremdē dažādās svešās valodās, un man bija ticība, ka viss atrisināsies pats no sevis un viss būs kārtībā; un tā, protams, arī bija... Skolā Džūliju iegremdēja svešās situācijās, gluži kā cepumu iegremdē tējas tasītē. Sanırım o zamana kadar pek çok kez bilmediğim dillerin içine daldırılma deneyimi yaşamıştım ve bunun kendiliğinden çözüleceğine ve her şeyin yoluna gireceğine inancım vardı; ve tabii ki öyle de oldu... Julie okulda, bir bisküvinin bir fincan çayın içine daldırılması gibi, bilmediği durumların içine daldırıldı. Often, dunk means to dip something into liquid, but here, the meaning is that Julie was suddenly dropped into a new situation for a while, then taken out, as her family travelled through Europe. Bieži vien dunk nozīmē iegremdēt kaut ko šķidrumā, bet šeit tas nozīmē, ka Džūlija pēkšņi uz kādu laiku tika iemesta jaunā situācijā, bet pēc tam izcelta, jo viņas ģimene ceļoja pa Eiropu. Dunk genellikle bir şeyi sıvıya batırmak anlamına gelir, ancak burada anlam Julie'nin ailesi Avrupa'da seyahat ederken aniden bir süreliğine yeni bir durumun içine bırakıldığı ve sonra çıkarıldığıdır. By the time she arrived in Canada, Julie had been exposed to several other languages including Italian and French. Līdz ierašanās brīdim Kanādā Džūlija bija apguvusi vairākas citas valodas, tostarp itāļu un franču. Kanada'ya vardığında Julie, İtalyanca ve Fransızca da dahil olmak üzere birçok farklı dil öğrenmişti. She had experienced many difficulties, but never given up hope of finding a new home. Birçok zorluk yaşamış ama yeni bir ev bulma umudunu hiç yitirmemişti. Julie had faith — in other words, trust or confidence, that everything would sort itself out, a phrase meaning to stop being a problem automatically, without having to do anything. Julie'nin inancı vardı - başka bir deyişle, her şeyin kendi kendine çözüleceğine dair güven ya da itimat, bir şey yapmak zorunda kalmadan kendiliğinden sorun olmaktan çıkma anlamına gelen bir deyim. Over the following years, Julie faced many challenges: going to school and making friends; helping her parents as they struggled in the English-speaking world; and grieving for her native language which she slowly forgot, and with it, the chance to speak Czech with her dad before he passed away. Sonraki yıllarda Julie birçok zorlukla karşılaştı: okula gitmek ve arkadaş edinmek; İngilizce konuşulan dünyada mücadele eden ebeveynlerine yardım etmek; ve yavaş yavaş unuttuğu anadili ve onunla birlikte vefat etmeden önce babasıyla Çekçe konuşma şansı için yas tutmak. Julie shares her thoughts on losing and refinding her mother tongue in her book, Memory Speaks. Julie anadilini kaybetme ve yeniden bulma konusundaki düşüncelerini Memory Speaks adlı kitabında paylaşıyor. Through it all, Julie kept alive her belief that by speaking two, three or even more languages, we don't forget who we are, but instead gain a sense of tolerance, an idea which she talked about with BBC Radio 4's, Word of Mouth. Tüm bunlar olurken Julie, iki, üç ya da daha fazla dil konuşarak kim olduğumuzu unutmadığımıza, aksine hoşgörü duygusu kazandığımıza dair inancını canlı tuttu ve bu fikrini BBC Radio 4'ün Word of Mouth programına anlattı. The idea that you can be both of Mexican ancestry, for example, and speak Spanish, and be a full-fledged American, or in my case come from a country like the Czech Republic, continue to speak my language and to be a Canadian and very proudly so and very invested in Canada as a society. Ideja, ka var būt gan meksikāņu izcelsmes, piemēram, un runāt spāniski, gan būt pilntiesīgs amerikānis, vai, manā gadījumā, nākt no tādas valsts kā Čehija, turpināt runāt savā valodā un būt kanādietis, ar to ļoti lepojoties un ar lielu lepnumu, kā arī ar lielu ieguldījumu Kanādā kā sabiedrībā. There's a number of studies that suggest that the very presence of people with blended ideas in a society seem to lead to greater acceptance between groups. Vairāki pētījumi liecina, ka jau pati cilvēku ar jauktām idejām klātbūtne sabiedrībā, šķiet, veicina lielāku pieņemšanu starp grupām. It creates the sense that this is not an either-or, that we can coexist, perhaps precisely because we have evidence that these cultures can coexist within a single person. Tas rada sajūtu, ka tas nav "vai nu - vai", ka mēs varam pastāvēt līdzās, iespējams, tieši tāpēc, ka mums ir pierādījumi, ka šīs kultūras var pastāvēt līdzās vienā cilvēkā. For Julie, there's no contradiction in being a Canadian refugee speaking Czech, or a Spanish-speaking immigrant who's a full-fledged — or fully developed — American. Džūlijai nav pretrunu starp to, ka Kanādas bēglis runā čehu valodā vai spāniski runājošs imigrants ir pilntiesīgs - vai pilnībā attīstīts - amerikānis. These are not either-or situations — cases where there is only a choice between two options, with no third possibility. Tās nav "vai nu-vai-vai" situācijas - gadījumi, kad ir tikai izvēle starp divām iespējām, bez trešās iespējas. Instead, a peaceful coexistence can develop, as shown in the life of Julie Sedivy herself. Right. it's time to reveal the answer to my question: how many people around the world, like Julie, are living as displaced refugees? Well, I said it was 103 million. Was I right? And that was the correct answer, Rob, a number which, according to the UN, is only going to grow. Now it's time to recap the vocabulary we've learned from this programme about losing our mother tongue — the native language you were brought up speaking by your parents. Tagad ir pienācis laiks apkopot šajā programmā apgūto leksiku par dzimtās valodas - dzimtās valodas, kurā jūs audzināja jūsu vecāki, - zaudēšanu. If something is dunked, it's dipped into a liquid, like a biscuit in a cup of tea, but if someone is dunked into a situation, they're suddenly placed into a new and unfamiliar setting before being removed again after a short time. If you have faith in something or someone, you have trust or confidence in them. The phrasal verb to sort itself out, means to stop being a problem without having to do anything. The adjective full-fledged means completely developed. And finally, an either-or is a situation where only a choice between two options is possible, with no third alternative. And that brings us to the end of this programme. Bye for now! Bye bye!