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Crash Course: English Literature, The Handmaid's Tale, Part 1: Crash Course Literature 403 - YouTube (1)

The Handmaid's Tale, Part 1: Crash Course Literature 403 - YouTube (1)

Hi, I'm John Green.

This is Crash Course Literature and last week we wrapped up our discussion of George Orwell's 1984.

Lately here at Crash Course, we've been a bit preoccupied with dystopias -- which is to say, imagined futures where things have gone horribly wrong.

You know, as opposed to the present.

I've always loved a good dystopia.

They can show us the signposts pointing toward disaster, remind us of the resilience of humanity, help us to think through the consequences of social and political change...

... And also fill us with pure and unadulterated terror, which brings us to Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale.

Atwood said that Orwell's 1984 was a direct model for The Handmaid's Tale, which she began writing in the actual 1984.

In a Guardian article, she explained that she intended to present a dystopia from a female point of view.

Which is to say they've been either the wife in 1984 or the mistress in 1984.

Today we're going to discuss the real despotisms that inspired Atwood, introduce you to her red-cloaked and stony-faced protagonist Offred, and explain why the author characterizes her novel as speculative fiction.

If you like, you can even turn on the captions and read along because reading is not illegal... yet.

Margaret Atwood was born in 1939 in Ottawa, Canada.

She's the author of over 40 books of fiction and poetry and essays.

She's also one of Canada's leading literary critics.

Her 1972 survey "Survival: A Thematic Guide to Canadian Literature" investigates what gives Canadian works their distinctive national identity.

She's also really good at Twitter.

Oh, it's already time for the open letter?

An open letter to authors' Twitter accounts.

But first, let's see what's in the secret compartment today?

Oh, it's nothing.

What a crushing disappointment.

Just like most authors' Twitter accounts.

Dear authors' Twitter accounts, oh my gosh, why do you have to ruin it?!

There's such an incredible magic to reading a book that you love and that you're overwhelmed by the beauty of and you think, "I can't believe that this book was written by a person!"

"That person must be so amazing!"

And then you go to Twitter and you look up their Twitter account and they're complaining about the wireless at Panera not working, or their flight was delayed, or they're enjoying their vacation in Cape Cod.

And it turns out that they're just, like, a totally regular person (except for Margaret Atwood).

I almost universally find author Twitter accounts to be a complete disappointment -- and I have to say, mine more than most .

And yet, somehow, a few authors retain their intimidating and intoxicating brilliance on Twitter, and by "a few", I mostly mean Margaret Atwood.

Best wishes, John Green.

Atwood's childhood was tranquil and somewhat idyllic.

When not being homeschooled by her mother, she trailed her father and entomologists through the backwoods of Quebec, which sounds pretty great, especially if you're into Canadian bugs!

They're a lot like American bugs, except much more polite, and also they spend half as much money on healthcare, but get better healthcare.

Are we still talking about bugs?

Anyway, given all of this, you might be wondering what Atwood could possibly know of the real despotisms on the scale scene in the Republic of Gilead, the fictional government in The Handmaid's Tale.

Well, I'll let you in on a little secret of the authoring trade.

Not all fiction is autobiographical.

Although my most recent novel sort of is, but anyway a related point -- it's also possible to respond to history that one has experienced from a remove.

Especially if you're a genius and Margaret Atwood really is as for which events crossed Atwoods radar as she wrote in the mid-1980s

There's a box labeled Handmaid's Tale background in the University of Toronto's rare book library

It contains her notes for the novel Rebecca Mead of The New Yorker wrote about there were stories of abortion and contraception

being outlawed in Romania and reports from Canada lamenting its following birth rate and

Articles from the US about Republican attempts to withhold federal funding from clinics that provided abortion services there were reports about the threat to privacy

Posed by debit cards which were a novelty at the time and accounts of u.s.. Congressional

hearings devoted to the regulation of toxic industrial emissions in the wake of the deadly gas leak in Bhopal India an Associated Press

Item reported on a Catholic congregation in New Jersey being taken over by a fundamentalist sect in which wives were called

Handmaidens a word that atwood had underlined the events that occur in The Handmaid's Tale are based on these reports

but filtered through an authorial lens that imagined a nightmare of

Inequality oppression and enforced ignorant. Let's go to the thought-bubble so The Handmaid's Tale is said in the Republic of Gilead an ultraconservative

Theocracy within former u.s.

Territory much of the land is radioactive or otherwise poisoned by toxic waste the birth rate has fallen

dramatically aged are infertile women homosexuals

political dissidents supporters of abortion non-whites and members of religious groups other than the brand of

Christianity sanctioned by the state are forced to clean up this toxic material women who have been involved in extramarital

affairs or second marriages prior to the revolution

But seem capable of reproducing are forced to become

Handmaids their purpose is to provide healthy babies for commanders of the military class these women are renamed for the commander that they serve Atwoods

Protagonist is called offred which signifies her status as a possession

she is of

Fred the name also suggests that she is an offering she has been

Offered to reproduce the other classes of women that remain in gilead include wives

married to commanders econowives married to lower ranking men Martha's servants in the commander's houses and

Aunts instructors of handmaids and overseers of executions so the most part these women are denied an education

The right to vote and the chance to work for pay most are also forbidden from reading the novel opens in the Rachel and Leah

re-education Center a former gymnasium where the hand maids are trained for their life of service in

Mesmerizing and poetic prose the narrator describes the yearnings that haunt that place

Dances would have been held there the music lingered a palimpsest of unheard sound

style upon style and undercurrent of drums a forlorn wail

Garland's made of tissue paper flowers

cardboard Devils a revolving ball of mirrors powdering the dancers with the snow of light there was old sex in the room and

loneliness and

Expectation of something without a shape or name I remember that yearning we yearned for the future

Thanks thought-bubble, so we all know that yearning for the future

But in gilead this desire and so many desires have been completely

Perverted and the future that happened is in a word

horrific handmaids whisper almost without sound to

communicate as the aunts with cattle prods slung on thongs from their leather belts monitor their every move so this future ended up looking a

Lot like some terrifying

funhouse version of the past in which state sanctioned depression based on gender and race were the norm and that I think gets at something

Important in the novel in contemporary life we expect progress in the future

We expect that over time human lives will become longer and healthier and happier and richer

But in Atwoods future when we begin to experience regression the response is to seek

Restoration to some glorified past no matter how oppressive it might be this idea to make a fallen nation strong again

Or great again is one that we all feel at times and in The Handmaid's Tale

We are shown one vision of what can happen when the yearning for the future takes the form of grasping for the past

But so back to the plot Offred had been married to Luke a man who was married once before

And after the couple and their daughter are caught trying to escape to Canada offred becomes a handmaid she sent to the home of

a military commander and forced to undergo a horrifying monthly ritual

Modeled on Genesis 30 in which Rachel and Jacob used their made Bilhah as a surrogate

But let's not mince words here the so called the ceremony is state

Sanctioned rape and in the midst of that ordeal ah Fred makes two really powerful insights first

She notices that the commander is quote

Preoccupied like a man humming to himself in the shower without knowing he's humming like a man who has other things on his mind

It's as if he's somewhere else, and then she observes that the wife Serena joy

Who was present for the so called ceremony continues lying on the bed,

gazing up at the canopy above her stiff and straight as an effigy Offred wonders

Which of us is at worse for her or me, there's two things

I want to highlight there first off Fred's empathy even amid this horror

She is able to empathize with the commander's wife

And even with the commander that shows that even at the height of the horrors of this

Dystopia Offred's humanity is not taken away from her and when you contrast that with 1984

I think it offers a different vision about what governments can and cannot do when it comes to reducing people's humanity.

So there are many victims in Gilead, but there are also several heroines offred's heroism is subtle

But I think it's still very real because she refuses to relinquish what Orwell in 1984 called the "ownlife"

She retains her individualism eccentricity and humanity shortly after the so called ceremony of copulating with the commander

Alfred spreads a packet of butter onto her hands and face as long as we do this butter our skin to keep it soft we

Can believe that we will someday get out that we will be touched again in love or desire we have ceremonies of our own

Private ones and although she describes this act as degrading to such devices

We have descended finding a way to be comfortable in her skin

Helps Offred remember the desires of her past and to stay sane

Sanity is a valuable possession. I hoard it the way people once hoarded money

I save it

So I will have enough when the time comes. That sanity is critical to her

survival as are her tiny moments of ownlife and resistance.

Offred's mother is another heroine a second wave feminist who fought for women's rights and before the Revolution

She was a marcher and a sign waiver and a pornography burner, but ah Fred's mother pays a steep toll for being outspoken

She is exiled to the toxic colonies Offred's college friend Moira is similarly

brazen in her resistance after staging a daring escape from the re-education Center, though

Moira is captured

sterilized and forced to become a sex worker

Offered wants to believe that Moira will also escape this prison

I'd like to tell a story about how Moira escaped for good this time

Or if I couldn't tell that I'd like to say she blew up Jezebel's with 50 commanders inside it

I'd like to end with something daring and

Spectacular some outrage something that would befit her but as far as I know that didn't happen

I don't know how she ended or even if she did because I never saw her again

we see here offered trying to take control of the narrative trying to tell a story that is daring in spectacular where the

Protagonist wins or at least takes a lot of bad guys out with her

But she can't those traditional narratives of the hero's journey

Aren't available to her because they aren't true to her experience

We also never learned how offered mother or offered herself end, but we do know that she finds a way to tell her story

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The Handmaid's Tale, Part 1: Crash Course Literature 403 - YouTube (1) El|Cuento de la criada|Historia|Parte|Choque|Curso|Literatura|YouTube Оповідь служниці, частина 1: Прискорений курс з літератури 403 - YouTube (1) El cuento de la criada, Parte 1: Crash Course Literatura 403 - YouTube (1)

Hi, I'm John Green. Hola|soy|John|Green ||John| Hola, soy John Green.

This is Crash Course Literature and last week we wrapped up our discussion of George Orwell's 1984. esto|es|Crash|Curso|Literatura|y|la|semana|nosotros|terminamos|arriba|nuestra|discusión|de|George|Orwell |||Kurs||||||tamamladık|tamamladık||tartışmamızı||| Este es Crash Course Literatura y la semana pasada terminamos nuestra discusión sobre 1984 de George Orwell.

Lately here at Crash Course, we've been a bit preoccupied with dystopias -- which is to say, imagined futures where things have gone horribly wrong. últimamente|aquí|en|Crash|Curso|hemos|estado|un|poco|preocupados|con|distopías|que|es|a|decir|imaginados|futuros|donde|las cosas|han|ido|horrible|mal |||||biz||||meşgul||distopyalar|||||hayal edilen|gelecekler|||||korkunç şekilde| Últimamente aquí en Crash Course, hemos estado un poco preocupados por las distopías, es decir, futuros imaginados donde las cosas han salido horriblemente mal.

You know, as opposed to the present. tú|sabes|como|opuesto|a|el|presente |||karşıt|||şu anki Sabes, en oposición al presente.

I've always loved a good dystopia. yo he|siempre|amado|un|buen|distopía Siempre me ha encantado una buena distopía.

They can show us the signposts pointing toward disaster, remind us of the resilience of humanity, help us to think through the consequences of social and political change... ellos|pueden|mostrar|nos|las|señales|señalando|hacia|desastre|recordar|nos|de|la|resiliencia|de|la humanidad|ayudar|nos|a|pensar|a través de|las|consecuencias|de|social|y|política|cambio |||||işaretler|gösteren|yönünde|felaket|hatırlatmak|bize|-ın||dayanıklılığı||insanlığın|yardım etmek||||üzerinden||sonuçları|||||değişim Pueden mostrarnos los letreros que apuntan hacia el desastre, recordarnos la resiliencia de la humanidad, ayudarnos a pensar en las consecuencias del cambio social y político...

... And also fill us with pure and unadulterated terror, which brings us to Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale. y|también|llenan|nos|con|pura|y|no adulterada|terror|lo que|trae|nos|a|Margaret|Atwood|la|de la criada|historia |||||saf||saf|korku||||||||Hizmetçi| ... Y también llenarnos de terror puro y sin adulterar, lo que nos lleva a El cuento de la criada de Margaret Atwood.

Atwood said that Orwell's 1984 was a direct model for The Handmaid's Tale, which she began writing in the actual 1984. Atwood|dijo|que|de Orwell|fue|un|directo|modelo|para|la|||que|ella|comenzó|a escribir|en|el|actual Atwood dijo que el 1984 de Orwell fue un modelo directo para El cuento de la criada, que comenzó a escribir en el propio 1984.

In a Guardian article, she explained that she intended to present a dystopia from a female point of view. en|un|Guardian|artículo|ella|explicó|que|ella|pretendía|a|presentar|una|distopía|desde|un|femenino|punto|de|vista En un artículo de The Guardian, explicó que tenía la intención de presentar una distopía desde un punto de vista femenino.

Which is to say they've been either the wife in 1984 or the mistress in 1984. lo que|es|a|decir||estado|ya sea|la|esposa|en|o|la|amante|en Lo que significa que han sido o la esposa en 1984 o la amante en 1984.

Today we're going to discuss the real despotisms that inspired Atwood, introduce you to her red-cloaked and stony-faced protagonist Offred, and explain why the author characterizes her novel as speculative fiction. hoy|estamos|a|a|discutir|los|reales|despotismos|que|inspiraron|Atwood|introducir|te|a|su|||y|||protagonista|Offred|y|explicar|por qué|la|autora|caracteriza|su|novela|como|especulativa|ficción Hoy vamos a discutir los verdaderos despotismos que inspiraron a Atwood, presentarte a su protagonista Offred, vestida con una capa roja y de rostro pétreo, y explicar por qué la autora caracteriza su novela como ficción especulativa.

If you like, you can even turn on the captions and read along because reading is not illegal... yet. si|tú|gustas|tú|puedes|incluso|encender|en|los|subtítulos|y|leer|junto|porque|leer|es|no|ilegal|todavía Si lo deseas, incluso puedes activar los subtítulos y leer al mismo tiempo porque leer no es ilegal... todavía.

Margaret Atwood was born in 1939 in Ottawa, Canada. Margaret|Atwood|nació|nacida|en|en|Ottawa|Canadá Margaret Atwood nació en 1939 en Ottawa, Canadá.

She's the author of over 40 books of fiction and poetry and essays. ella es|la|autora|de|más de|libros|de|ficción|y|poesía|y|ensayos Es autora de más de 40 libros de ficción, poesía y ensayos.

She's also one of Canada's leading literary critics. ella es|también|una|de|Canadá|principales|literarios|críticos También es una de las principales críticas literarias de Canadá.

Her 1972 survey "Survival: A Thematic Guide to Canadian Literature" investigates what gives Canadian works their distinctive national identity. Su|encuesta|Supervivencia|un|temático|guía|a|canadiense|literatura|investiga|qué|da|canadienses|obras|su|distintiva|nacional|identidad Su encuesta de 1972 "Supervivencia: Una guía temática de la literatura canadiense" investiga qué le da a las obras canadienses su distintiva identidad nacional.

She's also really good at Twitter. ella es|también|realmente|buena|en|Twitter También es muy buena en Twitter.

Oh, it's already time for the open letter? oh|es|ya|tiempo|para|la|abierta|carta Oh, ¿ya es hora de la carta abierta?

An open letter to authors' Twitter accounts. una|abierta|carta|a|autores|Twitter|cuentas Una carta abierta a las cuentas de Twitter de los autores.

But first, let's see what's in the secret compartment today? pero|primero|vamos a|ver|qué está|en|el|secreto|compartimento|hoy Pero primero, veamos qué hay en el compartimento secreto hoy?

Oh, it's nothing. oh|es|nada Oh, no es nada.

What a crushing disappointment. qué|una|aplastante|decepción Qué decepción aplastante.

Just like most authors' Twitter accounts. justo|como|la mayoría de|los autores|Twitter|cuentas Al igual que la mayoría de las cuentas de Twitter de los autores.

Dear authors' Twitter accounts, oh my gosh, why do you have to ruin it?! querido|de los autores|Twitter|cuentas|oh|mi|Dios|por qué|verbo auxiliar|tú|tienes|que|arruinar|eso Queridas cuentas de Twitter de los autores, ¡oh Dios mío, ¿por qué tienen que arruinarlo?!

There's such an incredible magic to reading a book that you love and that you're overwhelmed by the beauty of and you think, "I can't believe that this book was written by a person!" hay|tal|una|increíble|magia|a|leer|un|libro|que|tú|amas|y|que|estás|abrumado|por|la|belleza|de|y|tú|piensas|yo|no puedo|creer|que|este|libro|fue|escrito|por|una|persona Hay una magia increíble en leer un libro que amas y que te abruma por su belleza y piensas, "¡No puedo creer que este libro fue escrito por una persona!"

"That person must be so amazing!" esa|persona|debe|ser|tan|asombroso "¡Esa persona debe ser increíble!"

And then you go to Twitter and you look up their Twitter account and they're complaining about the wireless at Panera not working, or their flight was delayed, or they're enjoying their vacation in Cape Cod. y|entonces|tú|vas|a|Twitter|y|tú|miras|arriba|su|Twitter|cuenta|y|ellos están|quejándose|sobre|el|internet|en|Panera|no|funcionando|o|su|vuelo|fue|retrasado|o|ellos están|disfrutando|sus|vacaciones|en|Cape|Cod Y luego vas a Twitter y buscas su cuenta de Twitter y están quejándose de que el wifi en Panera no funciona, o que su vuelo se retrasó, o que están disfrutando de sus vacaciones en Cape Cod.

And it turns out that they're just, like, a totally regular person (except for Margaret Atwood). y|eso|resulta|que|que|son|solo|como|una|totalmente|regular|persona|excepto|por|Margaret|Atwood Y resulta que son, como, una persona totalmente normal (excepto por Margaret Atwood).

I almost universally find author Twitter accounts to be a complete disappointment -- and I have to say, mine more than most . yo|casi|universalmente|encuentro|autor|Twitter|cuentas|que|sean|una|completa|decepción|y|yo|tengo|que|decir|la mía|más|que|la mayoría Casi universalmente encuentro que las cuentas de Twitter de los autores son una completa decepción -- y tengo que decir, la mía más que la mayoría.

And yet, somehow, a few authors retain their intimidating and intoxicating brilliance on Twitter, and by "a few", I mostly mean Margaret Atwood. y|sin embargo|de alguna manera|unos|pocos|autores|retienen|su|intimidante|y|embriagadora|brillantez|en|Twitter|y|por|un|pocos|yo|mayormente|me refiero|Margaret|Atwood Y sin embargo, de alguna manera, algunos autores mantienen su brillantez intimidante e intoxicante en Twitter, y con "algunos", principalmente me refiero a Margaret Atwood.

Best wishes, John Green. mejores|deseos|John|Green Mejores deseos, John Green.

Atwood's childhood was tranquil and somewhat idyllic. la|infancia|fue|tranquila|y|algo|idílica La infancia de Atwood fue tranquila y algo idílica.

When not being homeschooled by her mother, she trailed her father and entomologists through the backwoods of Quebec, which sounds pretty great, especially if you're into Canadian bugs! cuando|no|siendo|educada en casa|por|su|madre|ella|siguió|su|padre|y|entomólogos|por|los|bosques|de|Quebec|lo que|suena|bastante|genial|especialmente|si|estás|interesado en|canadienses|insectos Cuando no estaba siendo educada en casa por su madre, seguía a su padre y a entomólogos a través de los bosques de Quebec, lo cual suena bastante genial, ¡especialmente si te gustan los insectos canadienses!

They're a lot like American bugs, except much more polite, and also they spend half as much money on healthcare, but get better healthcare. ellos son|un|mucho|como|americanos|insectos|excepto|mucho|más|educados|y|también|ellos|gastan|la mitad|tanto|mucho|dinero|en|atención médica|pero|obtienen|mejor|atención médica Son muy parecidos a los insectos americanos, excepto que son mucho más educados, y además gastan la mitad del dinero en atención médica, pero reciben mejor atención médica.

Are we still talking about bugs? están|nosotros|todavía|hablando|sobre|insectos ¿Todavía estamos hablando de insectos?

Anyway, given all of this, you might be wondering what Atwood could possibly know of the real despotisms on the scale scene in the Republic of Gilead, the fictional government in The Handmaid's Tale. de todos modos|dado|todo|de|esto|tú|podrías|estar|preguntando|qué|Atwood|podría|posiblemente|saber|de|los|reales|despotismos|en|la|escala|escena|en|el|República|de|Gilead|el|ficticio|gobierno|en|El|de la criada|historia De todos modos, dado todo esto, podrías preguntarte qué podría saber Atwood sobre los verdaderos despotismos en la escena de la República de Gilead, el gobierno ficticio en El cuento de la criada.

Well, I'll let you in on a little secret of the authoring trade. bueno|yo|dejaré|te|en|sobre|un|pequeño|secreto|de|el|autoría|oficio Bueno, te voy a contar un pequeño secreto del oficio de autor.

Not all fiction is autobiographical. no|toda|ficción|es|autobiográfica No toda la ficción es autobiográfica.

Although my most recent novel sort of is, but anyway a related point -- it's also possible to respond to history that one has experienced from a remove. aunque|mi|más|reciente|novela|tipo|de|es|pero|de todos modos|un|relacionado|punto|es|también|posible|a|responder|a|historia|que|uno|ha|experimentado|de|una|distancia Aunque mi novela más reciente lo es un poco, pero de todos modos un punto relacionado: también es posible responder a la historia que uno ha experimentado desde una distancia.

Especially if you're a genius and Margaret Atwood really is as for which events crossed Atwoods radar as she wrote in the mid-1980s especialmente|si|eres|un|genio|y|Margaret|Atwood|realmente|es|como|para|cuáles|eventos|cruzaron||radar|como|ella|escribió|en|los|| Especialmente si eres un genio y Margaret Atwood realmente está tan atenta a los eventos que cruzaron su radar mientras escribía a mediados de la década de 1980.

There's a box labeled Handmaid's Tale background in the University of Toronto's rare book library hay|una|caja|etiquetada|de la criada|historia|contexto|en|la|Universidad|de|Toronto|raros|libros|biblioteca Hay una caja etiquetada como antecedentes de El cuento de la criada en la biblioteca de libros raros de la Universidad de Toronto.

It contains her notes for the novel Rebecca Mead of The New Yorker wrote about there were stories of abortion and contraception eso|contiene|sus|notas|para|la|novela|Rebecca|Mead|de|la|Nueva|Yorker|escribió|sobre|allí|había|historias|de|aborto|y|anticoncepción Contiene sus notas para la novela sobre la que escribió Rebecca Mead de The New Yorker; había historias sobre el aborto y la anticoncepción.

being outlawed in Romania and reports from Canada lamenting its following birth rate and siendo|prohibido|en|Rumania|y|informes|de|Canadá|lamentando|su|siguiente|natalidad|tasa|y que estaban prohibidos en Rumania y reportes de Canadá lamentando su tasa de natalidad en descenso y.

Articles from the US about Republican attempts to withhold federal funding from clinics that provided abortion services there were reports about the threat to privacy Artículos|de|los|EE UU|sobre|republicanos|intentos|de|retener|federal|fondos|de|clínicas|que|proporcionaban|aborto|servicios|allí|hubo|informes|sobre|la|amenaza|a|privacidad Artículos de EE. UU. sobre los intentos republicanos de retener fondos federales de clínicas que proporcionaban servicios de aborto, había informes sobre la amenaza a la privacidad.

Posed by debit cards which were a novelty at the time and accounts of u.s.. Congressional planteada|por|débito|tarjetas|las que|eran|una|novedad|en|el|tiempo|y|cuentas|de|||congresionales Planteada por las tarjetas de débito, que eran una novedad en ese momento, y cuentas de las audiencias del Congreso de EE. UU..

hearings devoted to the regulation of toxic industrial emissions in the wake of the deadly gas leak in Bhopal India an Associated Press |||||||||en||||||||en||||| Audiencias dedicadas a la regulación de emisiones industriales tóxicas tras la mortal fuga de gas en Bhopal, India, un artículo de Associated Press.

Item reported on a Catholic congregation in New Jersey being taken over by a fundamentalist sect in which wives were called Informó sobre una congregación católica en Nueva Jersey que fue tomada por una secta fundamentalista en la que las esposas eran llamadas.

Handmaidens a word that atwood had underlined the events that occur in The Handmaid's Tale are based on these reports criadas|un|palabra|que|Atwood|había|subrayado|los|eventos|que|ocurren|en|la|de la criada|historia|están|basados|en|estos|informes Las criadas es una palabra que Atwood había subrayado, los eventos que ocurren en El cuento de la criada se basan en estos informes.

but filtered through an authorial lens that imagined a nightmare of pero|filtrados|a través de|una|autoral|lente|que|imaginó|un|pesadilla|de pero filtrados a través de una lente autoral que imaginó una pesadilla de.

Inequality oppression and enforced ignorant. Let's go to the thought-bubble so The Handmaid's Tale is said in the Republic of Gilead an ultraconservative desigualdad|opresión|y|impuesta|ignorancia|vamos|a|la|la|||así|la|de la criada|historia|es|dicho|en|la|República|de|Gilead|una|ultraconservadora Desigualdad, opresión y ignorancia impuesta. Vamos a la burbuja de pensamiento, así que El cuento de la criada se dice en la República de Gilead, una teocracia ultraconservadora.

Theocracy within former u.s. teocracia|dentro|antigua|| Dentro de los antiguos EE. UU.

Territory much of the land is radioactive or otherwise poisoned by toxic waste the birth rate has fallen territorio|gran|de|la|tierra|está|radiactiva|o|de otra manera|envenenada|por|tóxicos|desechos|la|natalidad|tasa|ha|caído El territorio gran parte de la tierra es radiactiva o de otro modo envenenada por desechos tóxicos la tasa de natalidad ha caído

dramatically aged are infertile women homosexuals dramáticamente|envejecidos|son|infértiles|mujeres|homosexuales dramáticamente las mujeres mayores son infértiles homosexuales

political dissidents supporters of abortion non-whites and members of religious groups other than the brand of políticos|disidentes|partidarios|de|aborto|||y|miembros|de|grupos religiosos||otros|que|la|rama|de disidentes políticos partidarios del aborto no blancos y miembros de grupos religiosos distintos de la marca de

Christianity sanctioned by the state are forced to clean up this toxic material women who have been involved in extramarital el cristianismo sancionado por el estado son forzados a limpiar este material tóxico mujeres que han estado involucradas en relaciones extramaritales

affairs or second marriages prior to the revolution asuntos|o|segundos|matrimonios|antes|de|la|revolución asuntos o segundas matrimonios antes de la revolución

But seem capable of reproducing are forced to become pero|parecen|capaces|de|reproducirse|son|forzadas|a|convertirse Pero parecen capaces de reproducirse y son forzadas a convertirse

Handmaids their purpose is to provide healthy babies for commanders of the military class these women are renamed for the commander that they serve Atwoods criadas|su|propósito|es|para|proporcionar|sanos|bebés|para|comandantes|de|la|militar|clase|estas|mujeres|son|renombradas|por|el|comandante|que|ellas|sirven|Atwood en criadas, su propósito es proporcionar bebés sanos para los comandantes de la clase militar, estas mujeres son renombradas por el comandante al que sirven. Atwoods

Protagonist is called offred which signifies her status as a possession protagonista|es|llamada|Ofred|lo que|significa|su|estatus|como|una|posesión La protagonista es llamada Offred, lo que significa su estatus como posesión.

she is of ella|está|de ella es de

Fred the name also suggests that she is an offering she has been Fred|el|nombre|también|sugiere|que|ella|está|una|ofrenda|ella|ha|sido Fred el nombre también sugiere que ella es una ofrenda que ha sido

Offered to reproduce the other classes of women that remain in gilead include wives ofrecida|para|reproducir|las|otras|clases|de|mujeres|que|permanecen|en|Gilead|incluyen|esposas Ofrecida para reproducir las otras clases de mujeres que permanecen en Gilead incluyen esposas

married to commanders econowives married to lower ranking men Martha's servants in the commander's houses and casadas|a|comandantes|economujeres|casadas|a|||hombres|de Martha|sirvientes|en|las|||y casadas con comandantes, econowives casadas con hombres de menor rango, sirvientas de las casas de los comandantes y

Aunts instructors of handmaids and overseers of executions so the most part these women are denied an education tías|instructores|de|criadas|y|supervisores|de|ejecuciones|así|la|mayor|parte|estas|mujeres|son|negadas|una|educación Las tías son instructoras de las criadas y supervisoras de ejecuciones, por lo que en su mayoría a estas mujeres se les niega una educación.

The right to vote and the chance to work for pay most are also forbidden from reading the novel opens in the Rachel and Leah el|derecho|a|votar|y|la|oportunidad|a|trabajar|por|pago|la mayoría|son|también|prohibidas|de|leer|la|novela|abre|en|el|Raquel|y|Lea El derecho a votar y la oportunidad de trabajar por un salario, la mayoría también tiene prohibido leer. La novela comienza en el Centro de reeducación Rachel y Leah.

re-education Center a former gymnasium where the hand maids are trained for their life of service in ||centro|un|antiguo|gimnasio|donde|las|manos|criadas|son|capacitadas|para|su|vida|de|servicio|en Un antiguo gimnasio donde las criadas son entrenadas para su vida de servicio en.

Mesmerizing and poetic prose the narrator describes the yearnings that haunt that place hipnotizante|y|poética|prosa|la|narradora|describe|los|anhelos|que|atormentan|ese|lugar Con una prosa hipnotizante y poética, la narradora describe los anhelos que atormentan ese lugar.

Dances would have been held there the music lingered a palimpsest of unheard sound bailes|verbo auxiliar condicional|habría|sido|celebrado|allí|la|música|permaneció|un|palimpsesto|de|inaudito|sonido Se habrían celebrado bailes allí, la música permanecía como un palimpsesto de sonidos no escuchados.

style upon style and undercurrent of drums a forlorn wail estilo|sobre|estilo|y|corriente subyacente|de|tambores|un|triste|lamento Estilo sobre estilo y un trasfondo de tambores, un lamento desolado.

Garland's made of tissue paper flowers de Garland|hecho|de|papel|papel|flores Guirnaldas hechas de flores de papel de seda.

cardboard Devils a revolving ball of mirrors powdering the dancers with the snow of light there was old sex in the room and cartón|demonios|una|giratoria|bola|de|espejos|cubriendo|a los|bailarines|con|la|nieve|de|luz|allí|había|viejo|sexo|en|la|habitación|y Diablos de cartón, una bola giratoria de espejos cubriendo a los bailarines con la nieve de luz, había sexo antiguo en la habitación y

loneliness and soledad|y soledad y

Expectation of something without a shape or name I remember that yearning we yearned for the future expectativa|de|algo|sin|una|forma|o|nombre|yo|recuerdo|ese|anhelo|nosotros|anhelamos|por|el|futuro Expectativa de algo sin forma ni nombre Recuerdo ese anhelo que teníamos por el futuro

Thanks thought-bubble, so we all know that yearning for the future gracias|||así|nosotros|todos|sabemos|que|anhelo|por|el|futuro Gracias burbuja de pensamiento, así que todos conocemos ese anhelo por el futuro

But in gilead this desire and so many desires have been completely pero|en|gilead|este|deseo|y|tantos|muchos|deseos|han|sido|completamente Pero en Gilead este deseo y tantos deseos han sido completamente

Perverted and the future that happened is in a word pervertido|y|el|futuro|que|sucedió|está|en|una|palabra Pervertido y el futuro que ocurrió está en una palabra

horrific handmaids whisper almost without sound to horrífica|criadas|susurran|casi|sin|sonido|a las horribles criadas susurran casi sin sonido a

communicate as the aunts with cattle prods slung on thongs from their leather belts monitor their every move so this future ended up looking a comunicar|como|las|tías|con|ganado|varas|colgadas|en|correas|de|sus|cuero|cinturones|monitorean|su|cada|movimiento|así|este|futuro|terminó|arriba|luciendo|un comunicarse mientras las tías con garrotes colgados de correas de sus cinturones de cuero monitorean cada uno de sus movimientos, así que este futuro terminó pareciendo un

Lot like some terrifying mucho|como|algún|aterrador montón como algo aterrador

funhouse version of the past in which state sanctioned depression based on gender and race were the norm and that I think gets at something casa de diversión|versión|del|el|pasado|en|la que|estado|sancionada|depresión|basada|en|género|y|raza|eran|las|norma|y|eso|yo|pienso|llega|a|algo una versión de casa de diversión del pasado en la que la depresión sancionada por el estado basada en el género y la raza era la norma y que creo que aborda algo

Important in the novel in contemporary life we expect progress in the future importante|en|la|novela|en|contemporánea|vida|nosotros|esperamos|progreso|en|el|futuro Importante en la novela en la vida contemporánea, esperamos progreso en el futuro

We expect that over time human lives will become longer and healthier and happier and richer nosotros|esperamos|que|a|tiempo|humanas|vidas|verbo auxiliar futuro|se volverán|más largas|y|más saludables|y|más felices|y|más ricas Esperamos que con el tiempo las vidas humanas se vuelvan más largas, saludables, felices y ricas

But in Atwoods future when we begin to experience regression the response is to seek pero|en|de Atwood|futuro|cuando|nosotros|comenzamos|a|experimentar|regresión|la|respuesta|es|a|buscar Pero en el futuro de Atwood, cuando comenzamos a experimentar regresión, la respuesta es buscar

Restoration to some glorified past no matter how oppressive it might be this idea to make a fallen nation strong again restauración|a|algún|glorificado|pasado|no|importa|qué tan|opresivo|eso|podría|ser|esta|idea|de|hacer|una|caída|nación|fuerte|otra vez La restauración a algún pasado glorificado, sin importar cuán opresivo pueda ser, esta idea de hacer que una nación caída sea fuerte de nuevo.

Or great again is one that we all feel at times and in The Handmaid's Tale o|grande|otra vez|es|una|que|nosotros|todos|sentimos|en|momentos|y|en|la|criada|historia O grande de nuevo es una que todos sentimos a veces y en El cuento de la criada.

We are shown one vision of what can happen when the yearning for the future takes the form of grasping for the past nosotros|estamos|mostrados|una|visión|de|lo que|puede|suceder|cuando|el|anhelo|por|el|futuro|toma|la|forma|de|aferrarse|por|el|pasado Se nos muestra una visión de lo que puede suceder cuando el anhelo por el futuro toma la forma de aferrarse al pasado.

But so back to the plot Offred had been married to Luke a man who was married once before pero|así|de regreso|a|la|trama|Offred|había|estado|casada|con|Luke|un|hombre|que|estaba|casado|una|vez antes Pero volviendo a la trama, Offred había estado casada con Luke, un hombre que había estado casado una vez antes.

And after the couple and their daughter are caught trying to escape to Canada offred becomes a handmaid she sent to the home of y|después|la|pareja|y|su|hija|son|atrapados|tratando|de|escapar|a|Canadá|Ofred|se convierte|una|criada|ella|enviada|a|la|casa|de Y después de que la pareja y su hija son atrapadas tratando de escapar a Canadá, Offred se convierte en una criada que es enviada a la casa de

a military commander and forced to undergo a horrifying monthly ritual un|militar|comandante|y|forzada|a|someterse|a|horripilante|mensual|ritual un comandante militar y forzada a someterse a un horrible ritual mensual

Modeled on Genesis 30 in which Rachel and Jacob used their made Bilhah as a surrogate modelado|en|Génesis|en|el cual|Raquel|y|Jacob|usaron|su|criada|Bilhah|como|una|sustituta Modelado en Génesis 30, en el que Raquel y Jacob usaron a su criada Bilhah como sustituta

But let's not mince words here the so called the ceremony is state pero|vamos|no|andar|palabras|aquí|la|tan|llamada|la|ceremonia|es|estatal Pero no seamos ambiguos aquí, la llamada ceremonia es estatal

Sanctioned rape and in the midst of that ordeal ah Fred makes two really powerful insights first sancionado|violación|y|en|el|medio|de|esa|prueba|ah|Fred|hace|dos|realmente|poderosas|percepciones|primero La violación sancionada y en medio de esa agonía, ah Fred hace dos observaciones realmente poderosas, primero

She notices that the commander is quote ella|nota|que|el|comandante|está|citado Ella nota que el comandante está, cito

Preoccupied like a man humming to himself in the shower without knowing he's humming like a man who has other things on his mind preocupado|como|un|hombre|tarareando|a|sí mismo|en|la|ducha|sin|saber|él está|tarareando|como|un|hombre|que|tiene|otras|cosas|en|su|mente Preocupado, como un hombre que tararea para sí mismo en la ducha sin saber que está tarareando, como un hombre que tiene otras cosas en mente

It's as if he's somewhere else, and then she observes that the wife Serena joy es|como|si|él está|en algún lugar|más|y|entonces|ella|observa|que|la|esposa|Serena|alegría Es como si estuviera en otro lugar, y luego ella observa que la esposa, Serena Joy

Who was present for the so called ceremony continues lying on the bed, quién|estuvo|presente|para|la|tan|llamada|ceremonia|continúa|acostada|en|la|cama ¿Quién estuvo presente en la llamada ceremonia sigue acostada en la cama,

gazing up at the canopy above her stiff and straight as an effigy Offred wonders mirando|arriba|a|el|dosel|sobre|ella|rígida|y|recta|como|un|efigie|Offred|se pregunta mirando hacia el dosel sobre ella rígida y recta como una efigie Offred se pregunta

Which of us is at worse for her or me, there's two things cuál|de|nosotros|está|en|peor|por|ella|o|mí|hay|dos|cosas ¿Cuál de nosotros está peor por ella o por mí? Hay dos cosas

I want to highlight there first off Fred's empathy even amid this horror yo|quiero|a|resaltar|allí|primero|fuera|de Fred|empatía|incluso|en medio de|este|horror que quiero destacar, primero la empatía de Fred incluso en medio de este horror.

She is able to empathize with the commander's wife ella|está|capaz|de|empatizar|con|la|del comandante|esposa Ella es capaz de empatizar con la esposa del comandante

And even with the commander that shows that even at the height of the horrors of this y|incluso|con|el|comandante|que|muestra|que|incluso|en|la|cúspide|de|los|horrores|de|esto E incluso con el comandante, lo que muestra que incluso en la cúspide de los horrores de esto

Dystopia Offred's humanity is not taken away from her and when you contrast that with 1984 distopía|de Offred|humanidad|es|no|quitada|lejos|de|ella|y|cuando|tú|contrastas|eso|con La humanidad de Offred no le es arrebatada y cuando contrastas eso con 1984

I think it offers a different vision about what governments can and cannot do when it comes to reducing people's humanity. yo|pienso|eso|ofrece|una|diferente|visión|sobre|lo que|los gobiernos|pueden|y|no pueden|hacer|cuando|esto|se trata|de|reducir|la humanidad de las personas|humanidad Creo que ofrece una visión diferente sobre lo que los gobiernos pueden y no pueden hacer cuando se trata de reducir la humanidad de las personas.

So there are many victims in Gilead, but there are also several heroines offred's heroism is subtle así|allí|hay|muchas|víctimas|en|Gilead|pero|allí|hay|también|varias|heroínas|de Offred|heroísmo|es|sutil Así que hay muchas víctimas en Gilead, pero también hay varias heroínas, el heroísmo de Offred es sutil.

But I think it's still very real because she refuses to relinquish what Orwell in 1984 called the "ownlife" pero|yo|pienso|es|todavía|muy|real|porque|ella|se niega|a|renunciar|lo que|Orwell|en|llamó|el|vida propia Pero creo que sigue siendo muy real porque se niega a renunciar a lo que Orwell en 1984 llamó la "vida propia".

She retains her individualism eccentricity and humanity shortly after the so called ceremony of copulating with the commander ella|retiene|su|individualismo|eccentricidad|y|humanidad|poco|después|la|tan|llamada|ceremonia|de|copulando|con|el|comandante Ella mantiene su individualidad, excentricidad y humanidad poco después de la llamada ceremonia de copulación con el comandante.

Alfred spreads a packet of butter onto her hands and face as long as we do this butter our skin to keep it soft we Alfred|esparce|un|paquete|de|mantequilla|sobre|su|manos|y|cara|mientras|largo|como|nosotros|hacemos|esto|mantequilla|nuestra|piel|para|mantener|eso|suave|nosotros Alfred extiende un paquete de mantequilla sobre sus manos y cara mientras hacemos esto, mantequilla nuestra piel para mantenerla suave.

Can believe that we will someday get out that we will be touched again in love or desire we have ceremonies of our own puede|creer|que|nosotros|verbo auxiliar futuro|algún día|salir|afuera|que|nosotros|verbo auxiliar futuro|ser|tocados|otra vez|en|amor|o|deseo|nosotros|tenemos|ceremonias|de|nuestro|propio ¿Puedes creer que algún día saldremos, que seremos tocados de nuevo por el amor o el deseo? Tenemos ceremonias propias.

Private ones and although she describes this act as degrading to such devices privadas|aquellas|y|aunque|ella|describe|este|acto|como|degradante|a|tales|dispositivos Privadas, y aunque ella describe este acto como degradante para tales dispositivos.

We have descended finding a way to be comfortable in her skin nosotros|hemos|descendido|encontrando|una|manera|para|estar|cómodos|en|su|piel Hemos descendido, encontrando una manera de sentirnos cómodas en su piel.

Helps Offred remember the desires of her past and to stay sane ayuda|Offred|recordar|los|deseos|de|su|pasado|y|para|mantener|sano Ayuda a Offred a recordar los deseos de su pasado y a mantenerse cuerda.

Sanity is a valuable possession. I hoard it the way people once hoarded money cordura|es|una|valiosa|posesión|yo|acumulo|eso|la|manera|las personas|una vez|acumularon|dinero La cordura es una posesión valiosa. La acumulo como la gente solía acumular dinero.

I save it yo|guardo|eso La guardo.

So I will have enough when the time comes. That sanity is critical to her así|yo|verbo auxiliar futuro|tendré|suficiente|cuando|el|tiempo|llega|esa|cordura|es|crítica|para|su Así tendré suficiente cuando llegue el momento. Esa cordura es crítica para su.

survival as are her tiny moments of ownlife and resistance. supervivencia|así como|son|sus|pequeños|momentos|de|vida propia|y|resistencia supervivencia, al igual que sus pequeños momentos de vida propia y resistencia.

Offred's mother is another heroine a second wave feminist who fought for women's rights and before the Revolution de Offred|madre|es|otra|heroína|una|segunda|ola|feminista|que|luchó|por|de las mujeres|derechos|y|antes|la|Revolución La madre de Offred es otra heroína, una feminista de segunda ola que luchó por los derechos de las mujeres antes de la Revolución.

She was a marcher and a sign waiver and a pornography burner, but ah Fred's mother pays a steep toll for being outspoken ella|fue|una|manifestante|y|un|cartel|portador|y|una|pornografía|quemadora|pero|ah|de Fred|madre|paga|un|alto|precio|por|ser|franca Ella era una manifestante, una portadora de pancartas y una quemadora de pornografía, pero la madre de Offred paga un alto precio por ser franca.

She is exiled to the toxic colonies Offred's college friend Moira is similarly ella|está|exiliada|a|las|tóxicas|colonias|de Offred|universidad|amiga|Moira|está|de manera similar Ella es exiliada a las colonias tóxicas. La amiga de la universidad de Offred, Moira, es igualmente.

brazen in her resistance after staging a daring escape from the re-education Center, though audaz|en|su|resistencia|después de|llevar a cabo|una|atrevida|fuga|de|el|||centro|aunque audaz en su resistencia después de llevar a cabo una audaz fuga del Centro de reeducación, aunque.

Moira is captured Moira|es|capturada Moira es capturada

sterilized and forced to become a sex worker esterilizada|y|forzada|a|convertirse|un|sexo|trabajador esterilizada y forzada a convertirse en trabajadora sexual

Offered wants to believe that Moira will also escape this prison Offered|quiere|a|creer|que|Moira|verbo auxiliar futuro|también|escape|esta|prisión Offered quiere creer que Moira también escapará de esta prisión

I'd like to tell a story about how Moira escaped for good this time |gustaría|a|contar|una|historia|sobre|cómo|Moira|escapó|por|bien|esta|vez Me gustaría contar una historia sobre cómo Moira escapó para siempre esta vez

Or if I couldn't tell that I'd like to say she blew up Jezebel's with 50 commanders inside it o|si|yo|no podría|decir|que|yo|gustaría|a|decir|ella|voló|arriba|de Jezabel|con|comandantes|dentro|eso O si no pudiera decirlo, me gustaría decir que hizo volar a Jezabel con 50 comandantes dentro.

I'd like to end with something daring and yo|gustaría|a|terminar|con|algo|atrevido|y Me gustaría terminar con algo atrevido y

Spectacular some outrage something that would befit her but as far as I know that didn't happen espectacular|algún|escándalo|algo|que|verbo auxiliar condicional|le quedaría|a ella|pero|como|lejos|como|yo|sé|eso|no|sucedió espectacular, algún escándalo, algo que le hiciera justicia, pero hasta donde sé, eso no sucedió.

I don't know how she ended or even if she did because I never saw her again yo|no|sé|cómo|ella|terminó|o|incluso|si|ella|lo hizo|porque|yo|nunca|vi|a ella|otra vez No sé cómo terminó o incluso si terminó, porque nunca la volví a ver.

we see here offered trying to take control of the narrative trying to tell a story that is daring in spectacular where the nosotros|vemos|aquí|ofrecido|tratando|de|tomar|control|de|la|narrativa|tratando|a|contar|una|historia|que|es|atrevida|en|espectacular|donde|la vemos aquí ofrecido tratando de tomar el control de la narrativa, tratando de contar una historia que es atrevida y espectacular donde el

Protagonist wins or at least takes a lot of bad guys out with her protagonista|gana|o|al|menos|saca|a|mucho|de|malos|tipos|fuera|con|ella protagonista gana o al menos se lleva a muchos villanos con ella

But she can't those traditional narratives of the hero's journey pero|ella|no puede|esas|tradicionales|narrativas|de|el|héroe|viaje Pero no puede, esas narrativas tradicionales del viaje del héroe

Aren't available to her because they aren't true to her experience no están|disponibles|para|ella|porque|ellas|no están|verdaderas|a|su|experiencia no están disponibles para ella porque no son fieles a su experiencia

We also never learned how offered mother or offered herself end, but we do know that she finds a way to tell her story nosotros|también|nunca|aprendimos|cómo|ofreció|madre|o|ofreció|ella misma|fin|pero|nosotros|sí|sabemos|que|ella|encuentra|una|manera|para|contar|su|historia Tampoco aprendimos nunca cómo ofreció a su madre o se ofreció a sí misma al final, pero sabemos que encuentra una manera de contar su historia.

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