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Steve's Youtube Videos - General Language Learning, Language Learning: Does Age Matter?

Language Learning: Does Age Matter?

Hi there, Steve Kaufmann here. One of the people who follows my blog whose name is Stefan has asked me to do a video about language learning and age. Now, first of all, let me say that this morning I played Old Timer's Hockey. Most of the guys are 65, 68, 70, some are in their early 60s and, I tell you, when I'm out there playing hockey I think I'm 10, 15. It's the same feeling, except that after a game we're out to go and have a beer so I must have been over the legal drinking age. We're having just as much fun, the same kind of conversation. We're trying just as hard in the game fighting for the puck, trying to make passes, set people up, this kind of thing. We're probably less inclined to get into shoving matches and that kind of stuff, little bit less aggressive. So when I'm out there I think I'm 15 or 20.

I hate it when I go somewhere and people ask me if I want the seniors' discount because I thought I was maybe a lot younger than that. How do you know that I'm 66? Wow! To me, age is largely in your mind. If you want to learn a language I don't age has much to do with it. From the research and so forth, it appears that very young children are able to learn very quickly. My understanding of it is that the brain has not yet sort of crystallized, that the brain is kind of this Darwinian space where different things are competing for room and so if you have a lot of exposure to language (A) that will tend to become dominant. If you have a lot of exposure to several languages you may be more flexible.

I think children under the age of 10 or 12 are less inhibited. They're into communicating, they're not worrying about how they sound, this kind of thing, so they tend to do better. Adults can often learn more quickly than children, to the extent that adults have a much larger vocabulary in their own language, therefore, they have more reference points. I'm sure seniors of my age that their memory and some of their neuro skills have declined, just like their body is not as strong, but I don't have the impression, personally, that it impacts on my ability to learn languages. I don't think language learning is so much a matter of memory, as I've said before. Although memory certainly plays a part, I think it's more a matter of noticing.

If I'm listening to Czech, I have to notice how it's pronounced. I have to notice where the emphasis is in a word. I have to notice certain structures. I try to make them natural. I try to remember certain things, but I can't remember what I can't notice and so I think noticing is the big thing. I think noticing depends on a number of factors. It depends on our state of mind. Are we interested? Do we think we can do it? Are we alert? Are we keen? We're more likely to notice if we are.

I'm an experienced language learner, so I will notice certain things. If there are certain things in Czech that are similar to Russian, I will notice them. I notice, for example, the similarity in all European languages in terms of the structure of the verbs. These are things that I notice because I have learned so many languages. I think you notice if you exposure yourself to a lot of the language through repetitive listening and, eventually, not so repetitive and reading. More and more things become clearer so that you're able to notice these other things that you can't notice at first.

I don't think any of these things relate so much to age. Now, I'm not a good example because I'm an experienced language learner. I've learned a lot of languages, but I feel that I'm a better language learner today than I was when I was in high school. I wasn't very interested in high school and I had not had the experience of converting myself into a relatively fluent speaker of another language, so I didn't have the confidence, I didn't know how to go about it.

I haven't noticed that at my age I forget things more quickly. My Czech I've been at for six months and I'm still pinching myself. I won't look for it now, but I had my conversation with Yarda and he sent me his comments at the bottom. There are 10 lines of comment and there wasn't a single word there that I didn't know. Now, obviously, when I import text about Czech history or the story of the life of Bedřich Smetana then there are more words that I don't know, but I can still pick my way through those things. I've been at it now six months, an hour and a half a day kind of thing and I don't notice that I'm slowing down.

So if we look at the different stages, the infant for sure is going to learn to pronounce like a native because there is nothing else interfering with that. Even as younger children under the age of 10-12, they'll just communicate naturally without any inhibitions, without feeling self-conscious. To that extent they will more naturally learn the language, but once you pass the age of 12-15 I haven't noticed any difference. I guess, if I remember, when I was at language school studying Chinese, which was the only time I actually went to a language school, there you had people sent their by their employer or by the government to learn a language and the assumption always was that the older guy would have more trouble.

In those days I was 22, so to me a 45-year-old was an old guy and they did have more trouble. To me, today, a 45-year-old is a young guy and I can't see why they would have trouble. I look at my son Mark, who has become somewhat belatedly interested in languages, he wasn't that interested when I was trying to force him to learn French as child, but he learned very well. I would have thought him old when I was studying Chinese. I think a lot of the people who are past 20 think they're not going to be able to do it. They are inhibited, easily embarrassed. They don't focus on noticing the language because they're too much concerned about themselves and worrying about themselves. Can I do it, how do I sound.

I think if you approach language learning as some kind of a memory task where you're going to have to remember a bunch of rules and a bunch of vocabulary, you can quickly persuade yourself that you can't do it. If you approach language learning as something that you're going to basically immerse yourself in through a lot of listening and reading or if you're lucky enough to live in the country where the language is spoken you can get exposure. If you feel that you're just going to be able to learn it, you take the initiative of regularly consulting a grammar book.

Here again, you talk about noticing. When I start noticing certain structures and I wonder why, then I'm quite keen to go to the grammar book and look it up and see some of the rules and the patterns. There it has a chance of sticking, whereas if it's kind of forced on me according to some curriculum, today we're going to study the subjunctive and I say I don't even know what the subjunctive is, I haven't even noticed it yet, then it's not going to stick. But, if I start noticing it and why does the verb change there, then I'm ripe and ready to learn that.

To me, the big thing is believing in yourself, liking the task, liking what you're doing and enjoying it. Does it matter if as an older person you learn less quickly than as a younger person? I'm not sure you do, but even if you do does it matter to us, a bunch of 60-plus people out there playing hockey having just a tremendous time? Does it matter, in fact, that we are much slower than we think we are, slower than we used to be? Maybe we were never that fast in the first place. I don't think it matters.

The quick answer is I am not convinced that age is a big deal beyond childhood. If it is, it's a relatively minor issue. What is much more important is your attitude. Are you focused? Are you paying attention? Are you exposing yourself to enough of the language? Are you enjoying the language? Are you enjoying the process? If the answer to all of that is yes, then the question of your age really doesn't matter.

Thank you for listening and I look forward to your comments.

Language Learning: Does Age Matter? Sprachen lernen: Spielt das Alter eine Rolle? Aprendizaje de idiomas: ¿Importa la edad? Apprentissage des langues : L'âge a-t-il une importance ? Apprendimento delle lingue: L'età conta? 言語学習:年齢は重要か? Aprendizagem de línguas: A idade é importante? Dil Öğrenimi: Yaş Önemli mi? Вивчення мови: Чи має значення вік? 语言学习:年龄重要吗? 語言學習:年齡重要嗎?

Hi there, Steve Kaufmann here. One of the people who follows my blog whose name is Stefan has asked me to do a video about language learning and age. Now, first of all, let me say that this morning I played Old Timer's Hockey. Teraz, po pierwsze, pozwól mi powiedzieć, że dziś rano grałem w Old Timer's Hockey. Antes de mais, permitam-me que diga que esta manhã joguei Old Timer's Hockey. Öncelikle şunu söylemeliyim ki bu sabah Old Timer's Hockey oynadım. Most of the guys are 65, 68, 70, some are in their early 60s and, I tell you, when I'm out there playing hockey I think I'm 10, 15. Większość chłopców ma 65, 68, 70 lat, niektórzy są w wieku 60 lat i, jak mówię, kiedy jestem na hokeju, myślę, że mam 10, 15 lat. A maior parte dos rapazes tem 65, 68, 70 anos, alguns têm 60 e poucos anos e, digo-vos, quando estou a jogar hóquei penso que tenho 10, 15 anos. Çoğu 65, 68, 70 yaşında, bazıları 60'lı yaşlarının başında ve size söylüyorum, ben dışarıda hokey oynarken kendimi 10, 15 yaşında sanıyorum. It's the same feeling, except that after a game we're out to go and have a beer so I must have been over the legal drinking age. To samo uczucie, z tym wyjątkiem, że po meczu idziemy i pijemy piwo, więc musiałem przekroczyć wiek legalnego picia. É a mesma sensação, exceto que depois de um jogo saímos para ir beber uma cerveja, por isso eu devia ter mais do que a idade legal para beber. Maçtan sonra bira içmek için dışarı çıkmamız dışında aynı his, bu yüzden yasal içki içme yaşının üzerinde olmalıyım. We're having just as much fun, the same kind of conversation. Mamy równie dobrą zabawę, ten sam rodzaj rozmowy. Aynı şekilde eğleniyoruz, aynı şekilde sohbet ediyoruz. We're trying just as hard in the game fighting for the puck, trying to make passes, set people up, this kind of thing. W tej grze staramy się równie mocno walczyć o krążek, próbując przejść, nastawiać ludzi, tego typu rzeczy. Estamos a esforçar-nos da mesma forma no jogo, lutando pelo disco, tentando fazer passes, preparar pessoas, esse tipo de coisas. Oyunda pak için savaşırken, pas atmaya çalışırken, insanlara tuzak kurarken ve buna benzer şeyler yaparken de aynı şekilde çabalıyoruz. We're probably less inclined to get into shoving matches and that kind of stuff, little bit less aggressive. Prawdopodobnie jesteśmy mniej skłonni do wdawania się w mecze shoving i tego rodzaju rzeczy, trochę mniej agresywnych. Muhtemelen itişip kakışmaya ve bu tür şeylere daha az meyilliyiz, biraz daha az agresifiz. So when I'm out there I think I'm 15 or 20. Więc kiedy jestem na zewnątrz, myślę, że mam 15 lub 20 lat. Dışarıdayken kendimi 15 ya da 20 yaşında sanıyorum.

I hate it when I go somewhere and people ask me if I want the seniors' discount because I thought I was maybe a lot younger than that. Nienawidzę tego, kiedy gdzieś idę i ludzie pytają mnie, czy chcę zniżki dla seniorów, bo myślałem, że jestem o wiele młodszy. Bir yere gittiğimde insanların bana yaşlı indirimi isteyip istemediğimi sormasından nefret ediyorum çünkü bundan çok daha genç olduğumu düşünüyordum. How do you know that I'm 66? Benim 66 yaşında olduğumu nereden biliyorsun? Wow! Vay canına! To me, age is largely in your mind. Dla mnie wiek jest w dużej mierze w twoim umyśle. Bana göre, yaş büyük ölçüde zihninizde. If you want to learn a language I don't age has much to do with it. Jeśli chcesz nauczyć się języka, którego nie starzeję, ma to wiele wspólnego. Eğer bir dil öğrenmek istiyorsanız, yaşın bununla pek bir ilgisi yok. From the research and so forth, it appears that very young children are able to learn very quickly. Z badań i tak dalej wynika, że ​​bardzo małe dzieci są w stanie bardzo szybko się uczyć. Yapılan araştırmalara göre çok küçük çocuklar çok hızlı öğrenebiliyor. My understanding of it is that the brain has not yet sort of crystallized, that the brain is kind of this Darwinian space where different things are competing for room and so if you have a lot of exposure to language (A) that will tend to become dominant. ما أفهمه هو أن الدماغ لم يتبلور بعد نوعًا ما، وأن الدماغ هو نوع من الفضاء الدارويني حيث تتنافس أشياء مختلفة على المساحة، وبالتالي إذا كان لديك الكثير من التعرض للغة (أ) فسوف يميل ذلك إلى أن يصبح مسيطر. Moje zrozumienie tego jest takie, że mózg jeszcze się nie wykrystalizował, że mózg jest rodzajem tej darwinowskiej przestrzeni, w której różne rzeczy rywalizują o pokój, a więc jeśli masz dużo kontaktu z językiem (A), który będzie stawał się dominujący. Benim anladığım kadarıyla beyin henüz kristalize olmamış, beyin farklı şeylerin yer kapmak için rekabet ettiği Darwinist bir alan ve bu yüzden dile çok fazla maruz kalırsanız (A) bu baskın hale gelme eğiliminde olacaktır. If you have a lot of exposure to several languages you may be more flexible. Birden fazla dile maruz kaldıysanız daha esnek olabilirsiniz.

I think children under the age of 10 or 12 are less inhibited. Bence 10 ya da 12 yaşın altındaki çocuklar daha az çekingen oluyor. They're into communicating, they're not worrying about how they sound, this kind of thing, so they tend to do better. Są w komunikacji, nie martwią się o to, jak brzmią, tego rodzaju rzeczy, więc mają tendencję do czynienia lepiej. İletişim kurmayı seviyorlar, seslerinin nasıl çıktığı konusunda endişelenmiyorlar, bu tür şeyler, bu yüzden daha iyi olma eğilimindeler. Adults can often learn more quickly than children, to the extent that adults have a much larger vocabulary in their own language, therefore, they have more reference points. Yetişkinler, kendi dillerinde çok daha geniş bir kelime dağarcığına sahip oldukları ve bu nedenle daha fazla referans noktalarına sahip oldukları ölçüde, genellikle çocuklardan daha hızlı öğrenebilirler. I'm sure seniors of my age that their memory and some of their neuro skills have declined, just like their body is not as strong, but I don't have the impression, personally, that it impacts on my ability to learn languages. أنا متأكد من أن كبار السن في عمري قد تراجعت ذاكرتهم وبعض مهاراتهم العصبية، تمامًا كما أن أجسامهم ليست قوية، لكن ليس لدي انطباع شخصيًا أن ذلك يؤثر على قدرتي على تعلم اللغات. Jestem pewien, że starsi w moim wieku, że ich pamięć i niektóre z ich umiejętności neuro- logicznych uległy zmniejszeniu, tak jak ich ciało nie jest tak silne, ale osobiście nie mam wrażenia, że ​​wpływa to na moją zdolność uczenia się języków. Eminim benim yaşımdaki yaşlıların hafızaları ve bazı nörolojik becerileri azalmıştır, tıpkı vücutlarının o kadar güçlü olmaması gibi, ancak kişisel olarak bunun dil öğrenme yeteneğimi etkilediği izlenimine sahip değilim. I don't think language learning is so much a matter of memory, as I've said before. Daha önce de söylediğim gibi, dil öğrenmenin çok fazla hafıza meselesi olduğunu düşünmüyorum. Although memory certainly plays a part, I think it's more a matter of noticing. Embora a memória tenha certamente um papel a desempenhar, penso que é mais uma questão de perceção. Hafıza kesinlikle bir rol oynasa da, bence bu daha çok fark etme meselesi.

If I'm listening to Czech, I have to notice how it's pronounced. Eğer Çekçe dinliyorsam, nasıl telaffuz edildiğine dikkat etmeliyim. I have to notice where the emphasis is in a word. Bir kelimede vurgunun nerede olduğuna dikkat etmeliyim. I have to notice certain structures. Bazı yapıları fark etmem gerekiyor. I try to make them natural. Onları doğal yapmaya çalışıyorum. I try to remember certain things, but I can't remember what I can't notice and so I think noticing is the big thing. Bazı şeyleri hatırlamaya çalışıyorum, ancak fark edemediğim şeyleri hatırlayamıyorum ve bu yüzden fark etmenin büyük bir şey olduğunu düşünüyorum. I think noticing depends on a number of factors. Myślę, że zauważenie zależy od wielu czynników. Bence fark etmek bir dizi faktöre bağlıdır. It depends on our state of mind. Bu bizim ruh halimize bağlıdır. Are we interested? İlgileniyor muyuz? Do we think we can do it? Bunu yapabileceğimizi düşünüyor muyuz? Are we alert? Uyanık mıyız? Are we keen? هل نحن حريصون؟ Hevesli miyiz? We're more likely to notice if we are. من المرجح أن نلاحظ ما إذا كنا كذلك. Eğer öyleysek fark etmemiz daha olasıdır.

I'm an experienced language learner, so I will notice certain things. Ben deneyimli bir dil öğrenicisiyim, bu yüzden bazı şeyleri fark edeceğim. If there are certain things in Czech that are similar to Russian, I will notice them. Çekçe'de Rusça'ya benzeyen bazı şeyler varsa, onları fark edeceğim. I notice, for example, the similarity in all European languages in terms of the structure of the verbs. Örneğin, fiillerin yapısı açısından tüm Avrupa dillerindeki benzerliği fark ettim. These are things that I notice because I have learned so many languages. Bunlar çok fazla dil öğrendiğim için fark ettiğim şeyler. I think you notice if you exposure yourself to a lot of the language through repetitive listening and, eventually, not so repetitive and reading. Wydaje mi się, że zauważysz, że ujawniasz się w wielu językach poprzez powtarzające się słuchanie, a ostatecznie nie aż tak powtarzające się i czytające. Penso que se nota se nos expusermos a uma grande parte da língua através da audição repetitiva e, eventualmente, não tão repetitiva e da leitura. Bence kendinizi tekrarlı dinleme ve nihayetinde çok tekrarlı olmayan okuma yoluyla dilin çoğuna maruz bırakırsanız fark edersiniz. More and more things become clearer so that you're able to notice these other things that you can't notice at first. Giderek daha fazla şey netleşir, böylece ilk başta fark edemediğiniz diğer şeyleri fark edebilirsiniz.

I don't think any of these things relate so much to age. Bunların hiçbirinin yaşla ilgili olduğunu düşünmüyorum. Now, I'm not a good example because I'm an experienced language learner. Şimdi, ben iyi bir örnek değilim çünkü deneyimli bir dil öğrenicisiyim. I've learned a lot of languages, but I feel that I'm a better language learner today than I was when I was in high school. Pek çok dil öğrendim, ancak bugün lisedeyken olduğumdan daha iyi bir dil öğrenicisi olduğumu hissediyorum. I wasn't very interested in high school and I had not had the experience of converting myself into a relatively fluent speaker of another language, so I didn't have the confidence, I didn't know how to go about it. لم أكن مهتمًا جدًا بالمدرسة الثانوية ولم تكن لدي خبرة في تحويل نفسي إلى متحدث لغة أخرى بطلاقة نسبيًا، لذلك لم تكن لدي الثقة، ولم أكن أعرف كيف أفعل ذلك. Lisede çok ilgili değildim ve kendimi başka bir dili nispeten akıcı bir şekilde konuşan birine dönüştürme deneyimim olmamıştı, bu yüzden kendime güvenim yoktu, nasıl yapacağımı bilmiyordum.

I haven't noticed that at my age I forget things more quickly. Bu yaşımda bazı şeyleri daha çabuk unuttuğumu fark etmedim. My Czech I've been at for six months and I'm still pinching myself. Mój Czeski jestem od sześciu miesięcy i wciąż się ściskam. A minha checa está há seis meses e ainda me estou a beliscar. Çek Cumhuriyeti'nde altı aydır çalışıyorum ve hâlâ kendimi çimdikliyorum. I won't look for it now, but I had my conversation with Yarda and he sent me his comments at the bottom. I won't look for it now, but I had my conversation with Yarda and he sent me his comments at the bottom. Não vou procurá-lo agora, mas tive a minha conversa com Yarda e ele enviou-me os seus comentários no final. Şimdi aramayacağım ama Yarda ile konuşmamı yaptım ve bana alttaki yorumlarını gönderdi. There are 10 lines of comment and there wasn't a single word there that I didn't know. Há 10 linhas de comentários e não havia uma única palavra que eu não conhecesse. 10 satırlık bir yorum var ve orada bilmediğim tek bir kelime bile yoktu. Now, obviously, when I import text about Czech history or the story of the life of Bedřich Smetana then there are more words that I don't know, but I can still pick my way through those things. Agora, obviamente, quando importo um texto sobre a história checa ou a história da vida de Bedřich Smetana, há mais palavras que não conheço, mas ainda consigo fazer o meu caminho através dessas coisas. Şimdi, tabii ki Çek tarihi ya da Bedřich Smetana'nın hayat hikayesi hakkında bir metin aldığımda bilmediğim daha fazla kelime var, ama yine de bu tür şeyler arasında yolumu bulabiliyorum. I've been at it now six months, an hour and a half a day kind of thing and I don't notice that I'm slowing down. Byłem w tej chwili przez sześć miesięcy, półtorej godziny dziennie i nie zauważam, że zwalniam. Há seis meses que o faço, uma hora e meia por dia, e não noto que esteja a abrandar. Altı aydır bu işi yapıyorum, günde bir buçuk saat gibi bir şey ve yavaşladığımı fark etmiyorum.

So if we look at the different stages, the infant for sure is going to learn to pronounce like a native because there is nothing else interfering with that. Dolayısıyla, farklı aşamalara bakarsak, bebek kesinlikle bir yerli gibi telaffuz etmeyi öğrenecektir çünkü buna müdahale eden başka bir şey yoktur. Even as younger children under the age of 10-12, they'll just communicate naturally without any inhibitions, without feeling self-conscious. Mesmo as crianças mais pequenas, com menos de 10-12 anos, comunicam naturalmente sem inibições, sem se sentirem constrangidas. 10-12 yaşın altındaki daha küçük çocuklar bile, herhangi bir çekingenlik olmadan, kendilerini mahcup hissetmeden doğal bir şekilde iletişim kuracaklardır. To that extent they will more naturally learn the language, but once you pass the age of 12-15 I haven't noticed any difference. Nessa medida, aprenderão mais naturalmente a língua, mas depois dos 12-15 anos não notei qualquer diferença. O ölçüde dili daha doğal bir şekilde öğrenecekler ama 12-15 yaşını geçtikten sonra herhangi bir fark görmedim. I guess, if I remember, when I was at language school studying Chinese, which was the only time I actually went to a language school, there you had people sent their by their employer or by the government to learn a language and the assumption always was that the older guy would have more trouble.

In those days I was 22, so to me a 45-year-old was an old guy and they did have more trouble. O günlerde 22 yaşındaydım, yani 45 yaşındaki biri benim için yaşlı bir adamdı ve daha fazla sorun yaşıyorlardı. To me, today, a 45-year-old is a young guy and I can't see why they would have trouble. Bana göre bugün 45 yaşındaki biri genç bir adamdır ve neden sorun yaşayacaklarını anlayamıyorum. I look at my son Mark, who has become somewhat belatedly interested in languages, he wasn't that interested when I was trying to force him to learn French as child, but he learned very well. Dillere biraz geç ilgi duymaya başlayan oğlum Mark'a bakıyorum, çocukken onu Fransızca öğrenmeye zorladığımda o kadar da ilgili değildi, ama çok iyi öğrendi. I would have thought him old when I was studying Chinese. Myślałbym, że jest stary, kiedy uczyłem się chińskiego. Eu tê-lo-ia considerado velho quando estava a estudar chinês. Ben Çince öğrenirken onun yaşlı olduğunu düşünürdüm. I think a lot of the people who are past 20 think they're not going to be able to do it. Bence 20 yaşını geçmiş pek çok insan bunu yapamayacağını düşünüyor. They are inhibited, easily embarrassed. يتم منعهم، بالحرج بسهولة. Są zahamowane, łatwo zawstydzone. Çekingendirler, kolayca utanırlar. They don't focus on noticing the language because they're too much concerned about themselves and worrying about themselves. Dili fark etmeye odaklanmıyorlar çünkü kendileriyle çok fazla ilgileniyorlar ve kendileri hakkında endişeleniyorlar. Can I do it, how do I sound. Yapabilir miyim, sesim nasıl çıkıyor.

I think if you approach language learning as some kind of a memory task where you're going to have to remember a bunch of rules and a bunch of vocabulary, you can quickly persuade yourself that you can't do it. Bence dil öğrenmeye, bir sürü kuralı ve bir sürü kelimeyi hatırlamanız gereken bir tür hafıza görevi olarak yaklaşırsanız, kendinizi bunu yapamayacağınıza çabucak ikna edebilirsiniz. If you approach language learning as something that you're going to basically immerse yourself in through a lot of listening and reading or if you're lucky enough to live in the country where the language is spoken you can get exposure. Dil öğrenmeye, çok fazla dinleme ve okuma yoluyla kendinizi kaptıracağınız bir şey olarak yaklaşırsanız veya dilin konuşulduğu ülkede yaşayacak kadar şanslıysanız, maruz kalabilirsiniz. If you feel that you're just going to be able to learn it, you take the initiative of regularly consulting a grammar book. إذا كنت تشعر أنك ستتمكن من تعلمها، عليك أن تأخذ زمام المبادرة لمراجعة كتاب القواعد بشكل منتظم. Sadece öğrenebileceğinizi düşünüyorsanız, düzenli olarak bir dilbilgisi kitabına başvurma girişiminde bulunursunuz.

Here again, you talk about noticing. Burada da yine fark etmekten bahsediyorsunuz. When I start noticing certain structures and I wonder why, then I'm quite keen to go to the grammar book and look it up and see some of the rules and the patterns. Quando começo a reparar em certas estruturas e me interrogo porquê, tenho vontade de ir ao livro de gramática e ver algumas das regras e dos padrões. Bazı yapıları fark etmeye başladığımda ve nedenini merak ettiğimde, dilbilgisi kitabına gidip bakmaya ve bazı kuralları ve kalıpları görmeye oldukça hevesliyim. There it has a chance of sticking, whereas if it's kind of forced on me according to some curriculum, today we're going to study the subjunctive and I say I don't even know what the subjunctive is, I haven't even noticed it yet, then it's not going to stick. Aí tem uma hipótese de se fixar, ao passo que se me for forçado de acordo com um currículo, hoje vamos estudar o subjuntivo e eu digo que nem sequer sei o que é o subjuntivo, ainda nem sequer reparei nele, então não vai fixar. Orada tutunma şansı vardır, oysa bir müfredata göre bana zorla kabul ettirilirse, bugün dilek kipini çalışacağız ve ben dilek kipinin ne olduğunu bile bilmediğimi, henüz fark etmediğimi söylersem, o zaman tutmayacaktır. But, if I start noticing it and why does the verb change there, then I'm ripe and ready to learn that. ولكن، إذا بدأت في ملاحظة ذلك ولماذا يتغير الفعل هناك، فأنا ناضج ومستعد لتعلم ذلك. Mas, se eu começar a reparar nisso e porque é que o verbo muda aí, então estou maduro e pronto para aprender isso. Ancak, bunu fark etmeye başlarsam ve fiil neden orada değişiyorsa, o zaman olgunlaşmış ve bunu öğrenmeye hazırım demektir.

To me, the big thing is believing in yourself, liking the task, liking what you're doing and enjoying it. Benim için en önemli şey kendinize inanmak, görevi sevmek, yaptığınız işi sevmek ve bundan keyif almaktır. Does it matter if as an older person you learn less quickly than as a younger person? Czy to ważne, że jako starsza osoba uczysz się mniej, niż jako młodsza osoba? Yaşlı bir insan olarak genç bir insana göre daha az hızlı öğreniyor olmanızın bir önemi var mı? I'm not sure you do, but even if you do does it matter to us, a bunch of 60-plus people out there playing hockey having just a tremendous time? Bunu yaptığınızdan emin değilim, ama yapsanız bile bunun bizim için bir önemi var mı, orada hokey oynayan ve harika vakit geçiren 60'tan fazla insan için? Does it matter, in fact, that we are much slower than we think we are, slower than we used to be? Czy to ważne, że jesteśmy znacznie wolniejsi, niż myślimy, że jesteśmy, wolniej niż kiedyś? Aslında düşündüğümüzden çok daha yavaş olmamızın, eskiden olduğumuzdan daha yavaş olmamızın bir önemi var mı? Maybe we were never that fast in the first place. Belki de hiç o kadar hızlı değildik. I don't think it matters. Nie sądzę, żeby to miało znaczenie. Önemli olduğunu sanmıyorum.

The quick answer is I am not convinced that age is a big deal beyond childhood. الإجابة السريعة هي أنني لست مقتنعًا بأن العمر له أهمية كبيرة بعد مرحلة الطفولة. Szybka odpowiedź brzmi: nie jestem przekonany, że wiek to coś więcej niż dzieciństwo. A resposta rápida é que não estou convencido de que a idade seja um fator importante para além da infância. Kısa cevap, yaşın çocukluktan sonra önemli olduğuna ikna olmadığımdır. If it is, it's a relatively minor issue. إذا كان الأمر كذلك، فهي مشكلة بسيطة نسبيًا. Se for o caso, trata-se de um problema relativamente menor. Eğer öyleyse, bu nispeten küçük bir sorundur. What is much more important is your attitude. Çok daha önemli olan şey sizin tutumunuzdur. Are you focused? Odaklandınız mı? Are you paying attention? Dikkatini veriyor musun? Are you exposing yourself to enough of the language? Kendinizi yeterince dile maruz bırakıyor musunuz? Are you enjoying the language? Are you enjoying the process? If the answer to all of that is yes, then the question of your age really doesn't matter. Eğer tüm bunlara cevabınız evet ise, o zaman yaşınız gerçekten önemli değildir.

Thank you for listening and I look forward to your comments. Dziękuję za uwagę i czekam na wasze komentarze. Obrigado por me ouvirem e aguardo com expetativa os vossos comentários. Dinlediğiniz için teşekkür ediyor ve yorumlarınızı bekliyorum.