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Steve's Cafe, The Importance of Reading History

The Importance of Reading History

Hi there, Steve Kaufmann here.

Today, I want to talk a little bit about history. First of all, if you like this channel please subscribe to it. I remind you that the transcripts, the audio and the video are available at LingQ as lessons. Because I know that many of you who watch these videos are not native speakers, I think my sort of rambling style where I don't write things down ahead of time and very often haven't really planned what I'm going to say makes it much like a conversation and I think conversations are, in fact, the easiest kinds of material to use for language study. Once we've gone beyond the beginner, brain dead, boring learner stuff and we want to get into authentic material, then a natural conversation is easier than more formal text. Getting to history now, I love reading about history.

In fact, there were some questions. Stephen Fisher asked: Are there any history books you would recommend or novels. There were also some other comments. When I referred to ‘liberté, égalité, fraternité', freedom, equality and fraternity of the French Revolution, one person said that all these revolutions were very bloody and scary and as a citizen of a former communist country he is scared of socialist revolutions. It all has to do with history… I love reading about history, I think history gives us a perspective.

We think we live in a violent time, so in terms of reading I would recommend Steven Pinker's book The Better Angels of Our Nature where he clearly documents that society has become less and less violent literally over the last 500 years and it's continuing to become less and less violent, despite the occasional flare ups and spikes such as our two World Wars in the twentieth century. It's interesting that very often this reduction in violence also seems to correspond to a reduction in religiosity, certainly in some of the books I've been reading recently here for Stephen Fisher's benefit.

For example, I read a very interesting book which described the life of Frederick the Great of Prussia and Bach. First of all, through the seventeenth century, that is the sixteen hundreds, Europe went through a period of tremendous violence largely caused by religion, or so it might appear on the surface. Then when you read the life of Frederick the Great, who was not at all religious, he was inspired by this sense of glory and was going to expand the boundaries of Prussia.

He was someone who was picked on by his father and his father was somewhat militaristic, so he was militaristic. So there's this desire for glory as a motive for violence, which is somewhat less today but still exists and we'll get that. For example, right now I'm reading a book that covers the year 1848, which was the year of all these revolutions in Europe and describes France in 1848.

The masses in France were very militaristic, they wanted a war. They were hankering back to the days when France conquered all these countries in Europe spreading the revolution and so forth. The revolutionary masses of France, even in 1848, 35 years after Napoleon had been defeated, were hankering for this past, this sort of nostalgia for glory. Also, I read a book quite recently on the Teutonic Knights and the sort of crusading by mostly German, but Western European (call them crusaders) into the Baltic to convert the Latvians and the Lithuanians to Christianity.

It's obvious when you read the wars and the battles at that time in history there was a lot of deceit, deception, lying, violence and the armies would just lay waste to the countryside. This was was the pattern right throughout, until very recently, that the armies would live off the countryside and kill, rape and loot at will. Today, of course, we see this violence in the Islamic government.

We see Russians streaming into Ukraine to fight. They're not sure, fight for the Orthodox Church, for Russia, against Obama, whatever. They want to go there to fight, so at some level there is this desire. Whether it be call them Russian jihadists, the jihadists in the Middle East or those militaristic French revolutionaries in 1848, at some level people want to fight for some strange reason; a certain percentage of them. It's also leaders.

To some extent, Bush's war on Iraq happened because he had the power to go in there. He has all these toys, this army, this force and so if people have power they're likely to use it. So, again, the more we read of history I question how much George Bush knew. Maybe he did, maybe he didn't, I don't know. You hear some of the statements from people who are aspiring leaders. Like Trump, you really question how much he reads. I saw a statement from one of his advisors on foreign affairs called Page, who apparently said that Ukraine is like Quebec or something. Ukraine, part of Russia, is like Quebec, part of Canada, there is absolutely nothing similar between those situations, so I'm worried. Another example of sort of relative ignorance was when Putin, as I mentioned in my previous video, announces to his vast television audience in Russia that Süddeutsche Zeitung, which released the Panama Papers which implicated Putin as well as a whole bunch of other people, was owned by either the CIA or Goldman Sachs.

He subsequently disavowed the statement and said that he was misled by his press secretary. I ask myself, how can you have an environment (A) where the press secretary would say this to his president and (B) where the president wouldn't immediately say this is absolute nonsense? It all comes back to this idea that it's not necessarily just history, but I think it is important for people to read, to read widely to get a sense of proportion of what is likely historical behavior on the part of people and what is likely to be the reaction.

I, therefore, like reading on history. I read in different languages like Frederick the Great, as I said. I also was able to listen to a description of his life in Italian on [Insert Italian]. All I can say is read widely, Stephen Fisher. If there are things happening in the Balkans, I'll read up on the Balkans.

I'll find books on that subject. I've read some histories of Ukraine. For example, I just happen to have it handy, The Gates of Europe. When I listen to a lot of my [Insert Polish], of course you get a sense of the involvement of Poland with Lithuania and Ukraine. Go wherever your interest takes you. When I was learning Chinese, I read a lot of Chinese history. When I first got involved with French when I was only 18 years old, I was totally immersed in French history. There are so many books on history and if they can do them through language so much the better.

So just follow your interests and, of course, nowadays you can Google it, find it, download it onto your Kindle and away you go. So thank you for listening and just another ramble.

Remember, you'll be able to find this as a lesson, if you're learning English, at LingQ. You can check for the (l-i-n-k) link on how to get to our (L-i-n-g-Q) LingQ lesson. Thank you, bye-bye.


The Importance of Reading History Die Bedeutung des Lesens von Geschichte La importancia de leer historia L'importance de la lecture de l'histoire L'importanza di leggere la storia 歴史を読むことの重要性 역사 읽기의 중요성 Istorijos skaitymo svarba Znaczenie czytania historii A importância da leitura da história Важность чтения истории Tarih Okumanın Önemi 阅读历史的重要性 閱讀歷史的重要性

Hi there, Steve Kaufmann here. こんにちは、スティーブ・カウフマンです。

Today, I want to talk a little bit about history. 今日は歴史について少しお話したいと思います。 First of all, if you like this channel please subscribe to it. まず、このチャンネルが気に入ったらチャンネル登録をお願いします。 I remind you that the transcripts, the audio and the video are available at LingQ as lessons. トランスクリプト、オーディオ、ビデオはレッスンとしてLingQで入手できます。 Because I know that many of you who watch these videos are not native speakers, I think my sort of rambling style where I don’t write things down ahead of time and very often haven’t really planned what I’m going to say makes it much like a conversation and I think conversations are, in fact, the easiest kinds of material to use for language study. これらのビデオを見ている人の多くはネイティブスピーカーではないことを知っているので、事前に物事を書き留めておらず、私が言うことを実際に計画していないという私の種類のとりとめのないスタイルだと思いますそれは会話によく似ており、実際、会話は語学学習に使用するのに最も簡単な種類の資料だと思います。 Once we’ve gone beyond the beginner, brain dead, boring learner stuff and we want to get into authentic material, then a natural conversation is easier than more formal text. 初心者、脳死、退屈な学習者のものを超えて、本物の資料に取り掛かりたいと思ったら、自然な会話はより正式なテキストよりも簡単です。 Getting to history now, I love reading about history. 今、歴史にたどり着き、私は歴史について読むのが大好きです。

In fact, there were some questions. Stephen Fisher asked: Are there any history books you would recommend or novels. There were also some other comments. When I referred to ‘liberté, égalité, fraternité', freedom, equality and fraternity of the French Revolution, one person said that all these revolutions were very bloody and scary and as a citizen of a former communist country he is scared of socialist revolutions. Quando ho fatto riferimento a "liberté, égalité, fraternité", libertà, uguaglianza e fraternità della Rivoluzione francese, una persona ha detto che tutte queste rivoluzioni sono state molto sanguinose e spaventose e che, come cittadino di un ex Paese comunista, ha paura delle rivoluzioni socialiste. フランス革命の「自由、平等、友愛」、自由、平等、友愛について言及したとき、ある人は、これらの革命はすべて非常に血まみれで恐ろしいものであり、かつての共産主義国の市民として社会主義革命を恐れていると述べました。 It all has to do with history… それはすべて歴史と関係があります… I love reading about history, I think history gives us a perspective.

We think we live in a violent time, so in terms of reading I would recommend Steven Pinker’s book The Better Angels of Our Nature where he clearly documents that society has become less and less violent literally over the last 500 years and it’s continuing to become less and less violent, despite the occasional flare ups and spikes such as our two World Wars in the twentieth century. We think we live in a violent time, so in terms of reading I would recommend Steven Pinker's book The Better Angels of Our Nature where he clearly documents that society has become less and less violent literally over the last 500 years and it's continuing to become less and less violent, despite the occasional flare ups and spikes such as our two World Wars in the twentieth century. 私たちは暴力的な時代に生きていると思うので、読むという観点から、スティーブン・ピンカーの本「私たちの自然のより良い天使」をお勧めします。 20世紀の2回の世界大戦のように時折フレアアップやスパイクが発生したにもかかわらず、暴力は少なくなりました。 It’s interesting that very often this reduction in violence also seems to correspond to a reduction in religiosity, certainly in some of the books I’ve been reading recently here for Stephen Fisher’s benefit. 興味深いことに、この暴力の減少は、宗教の減少にも対応しているように思われます。確かに、スティーブン・フィッシャーの利益のために最近ここで読んだ本のいくつかではそうです。

For example, I read a very interesting book which described the life of Frederick the Great of Prussia and Bach. たとえば、フリードリヒ大王とバッハの生涯を描いた非常に興味深い本を読みました。 First of all, through the seventeenth century, that is the sixteen hundreds, Europe went through a period of tremendous violence largely caused by religion, or so it might appear on the surface. Innanzitutto, nel corso del XVII secolo, cioè nel Cinquecento, l'Europa ha attraversato un periodo di tremenda violenza causata in gran parte dalla religione, o almeno così potrebbe sembrare in apparenza. まず第一に、17世紀、つまり1600年を通して、ヨーロッパは主に宗教によって引き起こされた途方もない暴力の時代を経験しました。 Then when you read the life of Frederick the Great, who was not at all religious, he was inspired by this sense of glory and was going to expand the boundaries of Prussia. それから、まったく宗教的ではなかったフリードリヒ大王の人生を読んだとき、彼はこの栄光の感覚に触発され、プロイセンの境界を拡大しようとしていました。

He was someone who was picked on by his father and his father was somewhat militaristic, so he was militaristic. Era uno che veniva preso in giro da suo padre e suo padre era un po' militarista, quindi era militarista. 彼は彼の父に選ばれた人であり、彼の父は幾分軍国主義的だったので、彼は軍国主義的でした。 So there’s this desire for glory as a motive for violence, which is somewhat less today but still exists and we’ll get that. ですから、暴力の動機としての栄光へのこの欲求があります。それは今日ではやや少なくなっていますが、まだ存在しており、私たちはそれを得るでしょう。 For example, right now I’m reading a book that covers the year 1848, which was the year of all these revolutions in Europe and describes France in 1848. たとえば、今私は1848年をカバーする本を読んでいます。これは、ヨーロッパにおけるこれらすべての革命の年であり、1848年のフランスについて説明しています。

The masses in France were very militaristic, they wanted a war. フランスの大衆は非常に軍国主義的で、彼らは戦争を望んでいました。 They were hankering back to the days when France conquered all these countries in Europe spreading the revolution and so forth. Si è tornati indietro ai tempi in cui la Francia conquistava tutti i Paesi europei diffondendo la rivoluzione e così via. 彼らは、フランスがヨーロッパのこれらすべての国を征服し、革命を広めた時代などに思いを馳せていました。 The revolutionary masses of France, even in 1848, 35 years after Napoleon had been defeated, were hankering for this past, this sort of nostalgia for glory. ナポレオンが敗北してから35年後の1848年でさえ、フランスの革命大衆はこの過去、この種の栄光への郷愁を切望していました。 나폴레옹이 패배한 지 35년이 지난 1848년에도 프랑스의 혁명 대중은 과거, 즉 영광에 대한 향수를 갈망하고 있었습니다. Also, I read a book quite recently on the Teutonic Knights and the sort of crusading by mostly German, but Western European (call them crusaders) into the Baltic to convert the Latvians and the Lithuanians to Christianity. また、私はごく最近、ドイツ騎士団と、主にドイツ人による十字軍のような本を読みましたが、ラトビア人とリトアニア人をキリスト教に改宗させるために西ヨーロッパ人(十字軍と呼びます)をバルト海に送り込みました。

It’s obvious when you read the wars and the battles at that time in history there was a lot of deceit, deception, lying, violence and the armies would just lay waste to the countryside. È ovvio che quando si leggono le guerre e le battaglie di quel periodo storico c'erano molti inganni, menzogne, violenze e gli eserciti si limitavano a devastare le campagne. 歴史の中で当時の戦争や戦いを読んだとき、多くの欺瞞、欺瞞、嘘、暴力があり、軍隊はただ田舎に浪費することは明らかです。 This was was the pattern right throughout, until very recently, that the armies would live off the countryside and kill, rape and loot at will. これは、ごく最近まで、軍隊が田舎に住み、自由に殺し、レイプし、略奪するというパターンでした。 Today, of course, we see this violence in the Islamic government. もちろん、今日、私たちはイスラム政府でこの暴力を目にしています。

We see Russians streaming into Ukraine to fight. 私たちはロシア人が戦うためにウクライナに流れ込んでいるのを見ます。 They’re not sure, fight for the Orthodox Church, for Russia, against Obama, whatever. 彼らは確かではありません、正教会のために、ロシアのために、オバマに対して、何でも戦ってください。 They want to go there to fight, so at some level there is this desire. 彼らは戦うためにそこに行きたいので、あるレベルでこの欲求があります。 Whether it be call them Russian jihadists, the jihadists in the Middle East or those militaristic French revolutionaries in 1848, at some level people want to fight for some strange reason; a certain percentage of them. 彼らをロシアのジハード主義者、中東のジハード主義者、または1848年の軍国主義のフランス革命家と呼んでも、あるレベルでは人々は何らかの奇妙な理由で戦いたいと思っています。それらの特定の割合。 It’s also leaders. リーダーでもあります。

To some extent, Bush’s war on Iraq happened because he had the power to go in there. ある程度、ブッシュのイラク戦争は、彼がそこに入る力を持っていたために起こった。 He has all these toys, this army, this force and so if people have power they’re likely to use it. 彼はこれらすべてのおもちゃ、この軍隊、この力を持っているので、人々が力を持っているなら、彼らはそれを使うでしょう。 So, again, the more we read of history I question how much George Bush knew. ですから、繰り返しになりますが、私たちが歴史を読むほど、ジョージ・ブッシュがどれだけ知っていたか疑問に思います。 Maybe he did, maybe he didn’t, I don’t know. You hear some of the statements from people who are aspiring leaders. あなたは、リーダーを志す人々からの声明のいくつかを聞きます。 Like Trump, you really question how much he reads. Come per Trump, c'è da chiedersi quanto legga. トランプのように、あなたは本当に彼がどれだけ読んでいるか疑問に思います。 I saw a statement from one of his advisors on foreign affairs called Page, who apparently said that Ukraine is like Quebec or something. 私は彼の外交顧問の一人であるページと呼ばれる声明を見ました。彼は明らかにウクライナはケベックか何かのようだと言っていました。 Ukraine, part of Russia, is like Quebec, part of Canada, there is absolutely nothing similar between those situations, so I’m worried. ロシアの一部であるウクライナは、カナダの一部であるケベックのようなものであり、これらの状況の間にはまったく同じようなものはないので、私は心配しています。 Another example of sort of relative ignorance was when Putin, as I mentioned in my previous video, announces to his vast television audience in Russia that Süddeutsche Zeitung, which released the Panama Papers which implicated Putin as well as a whole bunch of other people, was owned by either the CIA or Goldman Sachs. ある種の相対的な無知の別の例は、前のビデオで述べたように、プーチンがロシアの彼の広大なテレビ視聴者に、プーチンと他の多くの人々を巻き込んだパナマ文書を発表したSüddeutscheZeitungがCIAまたはゴールドマンサックスのいずれかが所有しています。 Другой пример относительного невежества - это когда Путин, как я упоминал в своем предыдущем видео, объявляет своей огромной телеаудитории в России, что Süddeutsche Zeitung, выпустившая Панамские документы, в которых фигурируют Путин, а также целый ряд других людей, были принадлежит ЦРУ или Goldman Sachs.

He subsequently disavowed the statement and said that he was misled by his press secretary. その後、彼は声明を否定し、彼の記者秘書に惑わされたと述べた。 I ask myself, how can you have an environment (A) where the press secretary would say this to his president and (B) where the president wouldn’t immediately say this is absolute nonsense? (A)報道官が大統領にこれを言うだろう、そして(B)大統領がこれが絶対にナンセンスだとすぐに言わないような環境をどうやって作ることができるだろうか? It all comes back to this idea that it’s not necessarily just history, but I think it is important for people to read, to read widely to get a sense of proportion of what is likely historical behavior on the part of people and what is likely to be the reaction. それは必ずしも歴史だけではないという考えに帰着しますが、人々が読むこと、広く読むことは、人々の歴史的行動の可能性と可能性のあるものの比率を理解するために重要だと思います反応になります。

I, therefore, like reading on history. I read in different languages like Frederick the Great, as I said. I also was able to listen to a description of his life in Italian on [Insert Italian]. また、[イタリア語を挿入]で彼のイタリア語での生活の説明を聞くことができました。 All I can say is read widely, Stephen Fisher. スティーブン・フィッシャー、私が言えることは広く読まれていることだけです。 If there are things happening in the Balkans, I’ll read up on the Balkans. バルカン半島で何かが起こっているなら、私はバルカン半島について読みます。

I’ll find books on that subject. そのテーマに関する本を見つけます。 I’ve read some histories of Ukraine. For example, I just happen to have it handy, The Gates of Europe. たとえば、私はたまたまそれを手元に置いています、The GatesofEurope。 When I listen to a lot of my [Insert Polish], of course you get a sense of the involvement of Poland with Lithuania and Ukraine. [ポーランド語を挿入]をたくさん聞くと、もちろんポーランドがリトアニアやウクライナに関与していることがわかります。 Go wherever your interest takes you. あなたの興味があなたを連れて行くところならどこへでも行きなさい。 When I was learning Chinese, I read a lot of Chinese history. When I first got involved with French when I was only 18 years old, I was totally immersed in French history. 18歳のときに初めてフランス人と関わったとき、私は完全にフランスの歴史に没頭していました。 There are so many books on history and if they can do them through language so much the better.

So just follow your interests and, of course, nowadays you can Google it, find it, download it onto your Kindle and away you go. So thank you for listening and just another ramble. だから、聞いてくれてありがとう。

Remember, you’ll be able to find this as a lesson, if you’re learning English, at LingQ. You can check for the (l-i-n-k) link on how to get to our (L-i-n-g-Q) LingQ lesson. (LingQ)LingQレッスンへのアクセス方法については、(リンク)リンクを確認してください。 Thank you, bye-bye.