Since 이루다 means "compose" (made of), what's the translation for 이루어진 ? More specifically, what does mean the ending "어진" or "진" with a verb ? (Thank you in advance for your time ! ☺)

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Since 이루다 means “compose” (made of), what’s the translation for 이루어진 ? More specifically, what does mean the ending “어진” or “진” with a verb ? (Thank you in advance for your time ! :relaxed:)

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이 코스는 흔히 쓰는 표현으로 이루어진 이야기예요.
=> This course is a story made up of commonly used expressions.

이루다 can mean 1) make, create, lead to a good outcome, 2) accomplish, realize, fulfill, 3) make up, compose, constitute.

  1. 잠을 못 이루다 = unable to get to sleep; 장관을 이루다 = make a spectacular view/scenery.
  2. 뜻을 이루다 = realize one’s objective/dream; 목적을 이루다 = fulfill/meet one’s purpose.
  3. 사물을 이루고 있는 요소 = elements that make up matter; 본질을 이루다 = make up the essence.

이루어지다 is made up of 이루다 + -아/어 지다.

-아/어 지다 has two major meanings: 1) become or turn (to a certain state), 2) to be VERBed (a passive form of VERB).

  1. 밝다(bright) → 밝아지다 (brighten); 넓다(wide, broad) → 넓어지다(widen, broaden).
  2. 채우다(fill:vt) → 채워지다(=채우어지다, be filled).
    (-아/어 지다 is only one of the different ways of making a passive. It only applies to a certain subclass of verbs)

이루어지다 in this example has the #3 meaning of 이루다 and #2 of -아/어 지다 (the passive form).
Together with -(으)로 (with, of), it means “to be made up of …”.

이루어진 is 이루어지다 + -ㄴ/은, where the -ㄴ/은 conjugation expresses either something completed (like the past participle) or which happened in the past.

So N-로 이루어진 이야기(story) means “a story made up of N”.