{"id":176591793,"date":"2021-07-23T10:42:54","date_gmt":"2021-07-23T17:42:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lingq.com\/blog-new\/?p=176591793"},"modified":"2025-05-19T11:24:59","modified_gmt":"2025-05-19T18:24:59","slug":"russian-question-words","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lingq.com\/blog\/russian-question-words\/","title":{"rendered":"Russian Question Words: The Who, What, Where, and Why"},"content":{"rendered":"

In English we have 7 question words: <\/span>What, Who, Why, Where, Which, When <\/span><\/i>and <\/span>How. <\/span><\/i>In Russian we have a whole host of new ones to learn!<\/strong> Today, we are going to be covering 12 Russian question words, their English equivalents, and the different ways to use them.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

WHAT? – \u0427\u0422\u041e?<\/b><\/h2>\n

Arguably the most useful word among them and the one which Russian learners learn first: \u0447\u0442\u043e. \u0427\u0442\u043e means \u2018what\u2019 and can be employed in a variety of ways, the most important of which is:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0427\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e? <\/span><\/i>What is this?<\/span><\/p>\n

We use \u0447\u0442\u043e to refer to, as in English, things.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u044b \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0448\u044c?<\/span><\/i> What are you doing?<\/span>
\n\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0448\u044c? \u0427\u0430\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0444\u0435? <\/span><\/i>What do you want? Tea or coffee?<\/span><\/p>\n

WHO? – \u041a\u0422\u041e?<\/b><\/h2>\n

When we are talking about people, not things, we use \u043a\u0442\u043e. <\/span>
\n\u041a\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e? <\/span><\/i>Who is this?<\/span>
\n\u041a\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043b \u0442\u0435\u0431\u0435?<\/span><\/i> Who called you?<\/span><\/p>\n

Both \u0447\u0442\u043e and \u043a\u0442\u043e decline:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nominative<\/b><\/td>\n\u0447\u0442\u043e<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0442\u043e<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Accusative<\/b><\/td>\n\u0447\u0442\u043e<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Genitive<\/b><\/td>\n\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Dative<\/b><\/td>\n\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Instrumental<\/b><\/td>\n\u0447\u0435\u043c<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0435\u043c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Prepositional<\/b><\/td>\n\u0447\u0451\u043c<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u043e\u043c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

WHY? – \u041f\u041e\u0427\u0415\u041c\u0423? \u0417\u0410\u0427\u0415\u041c?<\/b><\/h2>\n

There are two ways of asking \u2018why\u2019 in Russian. Firstly, we have <\/span>\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443<\/span><\/i> which is the exact equivalent of <\/span>why<\/span><\/i> in English.<\/span><\/p>\n

Secondly, we have <\/span>\u0437\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c <\/span><\/i>which is the equivalent of <\/span>what for<\/span><\/i> in English.<\/span><\/p>\n

Look at the differences below:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433? <\/span><\/i>Why are you my friend? (Possible answers include: you\u2019re nice, you\u2019re funny, and so on.)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0417\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0442\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433?<\/span><\/i> Why are you my friend? (What are you my friend for? Perhaps this person is only thinking of personal gain!)<\/span><\/p>\n

WHEN? – \u041a\u041e\u0413\u0414\u0410? <\/b><\/h2>\n

As simple as it is in English – \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 is used to ask when something is happening.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f? <\/span><\/i>When is your birthday?<\/span><\/p>\n

WHERE? – \u0413\u0414\u0415? \u041a\u0423\u0414\u0410? \u041e\u0422\u041a\u0423\u0414\u0410?<\/b><\/h2>\n

There are three ways to say <\/span>where <\/span><\/i>in Russian, depending on whether you\u2019re talking about the location of something, motion towards something, or where something is from.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0442? <\/span><\/i>Where is the cat?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u041a\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442 \u0438\u0434\u0451\u0442? <\/span><\/i>Where is the cat going?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u041e\u0442\u043a\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442?<\/span><\/i> Where is the cat from?<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Learn<\/a><\/p>\n

WHICH? – \u041a\u0410\u041a\u041e\u0419?<\/b><\/h2>\n

\u041a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0442? <\/span><\/i>Which cat?<\/span>
\n\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0448\u043a\u0430? <\/span><\/i>Which cup?<\/span>
\n\u041a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435? <\/span><\/i>Which dress?<\/span>
\n\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0438? <\/span><\/i>Which children?<\/span><\/p>\n

In Russian <\/span>which <\/span><\/i>is seen as an adjective. Therefore it agrees with the noun and it declines as an adjective:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nominative<\/b><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 <\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Accusative<\/b><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \/ \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e*<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \/ \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445*<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Genitive<\/b><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Dative<\/b><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Instrumental<\/b><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Prepositional <\/b><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c<\/span><\/td>\n\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

*Accusative masculine and plural take on genitive endings.<\/span><\/p>\n

HOW? – \u041a\u0410\u041a?<\/b><\/h2>\n

One of the first things you probably learned how to say was <\/span>\u043a\u0430\u043a<\/span><\/i>, as seen in:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430? <\/span><\/i>How are you?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u041a\u0430\u043a <\/span><\/i>is straightforward, just as in English. <\/span><\/p>\n

WHOSE? – \u0427\u0415\u0419?<\/b><\/h2>\n

For when it\u2019s not enough to ask who, and you need to discover the owner of something, we use <\/span>\u0447\u0435\u0439.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

\u0427\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0442 \u0441\u044c\u0435\u043b \u0440\u044b\u0431\u0443? <\/span><\/i>Whose cat ate the fish?<\/span>
\n\u0427\u044c\u044f \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0435? <\/span><\/i>Whose book is on the table?<\/span>
\n\u0427\u044c\u0451 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e? <\/span><\/i>Whose photo is this?<\/span>
\n\u0427\u044c\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0444\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0439? <\/span><\/i>Whose children had diphtheria?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0427\u0435\u0439<\/span><\/i>, like <\/span>\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/span><\/i>, agrees with the noun and also declines like an adjective:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nominative<\/b><\/td>\n\u0447\u0435\u0439 <\/span><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u044f<\/span><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0451<\/span><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0438<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Accusative<\/b><\/td>\n\u0447\u0435\u0439 \/ \u0447\u044c\u0435\u0433\u043e*<\/span><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u044e<\/span><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0451<\/span><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0438 \/ \u0447\u044c\u0438\u0445*<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Genitive<\/b><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/span><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0435\u0439<\/span><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/span><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0438\u0445<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Dative<\/b><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0435\u043c\u0443 <\/span><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0435\u0439<\/span><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0435\u043c\u0443<\/span><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0438\u043c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Instrumental<\/b><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0438\u043c<\/span><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0435\u0439<\/span><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0438\u043c<\/span><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0438\u043c\u0438<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Prepositional <\/b><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0451\u043c<\/span><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0435\u0439<\/span><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0451\u043c<\/span><\/td>\n\u0447\u044c\u0438\u0445<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

*Accusative masculine and plural take on genitive endings.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Russian Question Words in Context<\/h2>\n

Learning words on their own isn’t helpful nor is it interesting. That’s why many language learning experts suggest learning new languages in context<\/a>.<\/p>\n

LingQ<\/a> has thousands of hours of content that will help you learn Russian through context. Simply go to the lesson library and choose lessons based on their difficulty (beginner to advanced).<\/p>\n

\"Learn<\/a><\/p>\n

If the content on LingQ doesn’t interest you, then you can import online Russian content into LingQ.<\/p>\n

For example, if there are Russian videos on YouTube<\/a> that you enjoy, you can import them using LingQ’s web extension.<\/p>\n

\"Learn<\/p>\n

Afterwards, you’ll have a brand new lesson in LingQ.<\/p>\n

\"Learn<\/p>\n

Also, you can learn Russian on LingQ’s mobile app and study anywhere, anytime!<\/p>\n

\"Learn<\/p>\n

Check out this guide to learn more<\/a>\u00a0about importing content from YouTube into LingQ.<\/p>\n

Enjoyed this post? Check out polyglot and LingQ cofounder Steve Kaufmann’s blog post for some tips on <\/span>learning Russian<\/span><\/a>!\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Magdalena Osiejewicz-Cooper is a native speaker of Polish. She speaks fluent Italian and French. She is currently self-studying Spanish.<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In English we have 7 question words: What, Who, Why, Where, Which, When and How. In Russian we have a whole host of new ones to learn! Today, we are …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":176591854,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[90,105],"class_list":["post-176591793","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-learning-russian","tag-basic-russian","tag-english"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nRussian Question Words: The Who, What, Where, and Why<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Are you studying Russian? 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