{"id":176586384,"date":"2020-02-03T11:25:48","date_gmt":"2020-02-03T19:25:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lingq.com\/blog-new\/?p=176586384"},"modified":"2026-05-29T12:06:40","modified_gmt":"2026-05-29T19:06:40","slug":"french-past-tense","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lingq.com\/blog\/french-past-tense\/","title":{"rendered":"Tips for Learning the French Past Tense"},"content":{"rendered":"

French is a beautiful language with many beautiful words<\/a>. However, the French past tense is a grammar structure which is often feared by students of French because of its complexity. Have no fear! This article will guide you step by step on how to form the past tense in French. There is even a recipe for you that will make remembering how to form the past tense in French<\/a> a piece of cake. <\/span><\/p>\n

\"Tips<\/p>\n

Before You Get Started With the French Past Tense<\/b><\/h2>\n

There is some background information you need to know before you start to learn the French past tense. The first thing you will need to review is how to conjugate the verbs avoir and \u00eatre<\/a> (to have and to be). Here is a quick review: <\/span><\/p>\n

Avoir (to have)<\/b><\/h3>\n

J\u2019ai – I have<\/span>
\nTu as – You have<\/span>
\nIl\/Elle\/On a – He\/She\/One has<\/span>
\nNous avons – We have<\/span>
\nVous avez – You (plural) have<\/span>
\nIls\/ Elles ont – They have<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00catre (to be)<\/b><\/h3>\n

Je suis – I am<\/span>
\nTu es – You are<\/span>
\nIl\/Elle\/ On – He\/She\/ One is<\/span>
\nNous sommes – We are<\/span>
\nVous \u00eates – You are<\/span>
\nIls\/Elles sont – They are<\/span><\/p>\n

It is important to be able to identify which form of the verb avoir or \u00eatre your subject will take when forming the past tense. It is easy to identify the correct conjugation if your subject is a pronoun such as je (I) or nous (we) but it gets trickier if you are given names or groups of people. A single person would take the il or elle form of the verb. For example, Charlie would take the form <\/span>Charlie a <\/span><\/i>or <\/span>Charlie est <\/span><\/i>(Charlie has or Charlie is). A group of people would take the ils or elles form of the verb. For example, Elizabeth, Jane and Erika would be <\/span>Elizabeth, Jane et Erika ont\/sont<\/span><\/i>. Singular groups of people such as la famille (the family) or l\u2019\u00e9quipe (the team) would take the il or elle form:<\/span><\/p>\n

La famille est sur l\u2019autobus. – <\/span>The family is on the bus. <\/span><\/i>
\nL\u2019\u00e9quipe a un match de football ce soir. – <\/span>The team has a soccer game tonight.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

\"French<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

The Past Participle<\/b><\/h3>\n

The second piece you will to know is how to form the past participle of a verb in French. For regular verbs ending in er, ir and re, the past participle is formed by:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Dropping<\/b><\/td>\nAdding<\/b><\/td>\nExample<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
er<\/td>\n\u00e9<\/td>\nParler \u2192 parl\u00e9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
re<\/td>\nu<\/td>\nVendre \u2192 vendu<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ir<\/td>\nI<\/td>\nPartir \u2192 parti<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

<\/h3>\n

\"Learn<\/a><\/h3>\n

Putting it All Together: How to Form the Past Tense in French<\/b><\/h2>\n

To form the past tense in French you will need a subject, a helping verb (also known as an auxiliary verb) and a past participle. To help you remember these three components here is a recipe:<\/span><\/p>\n

Subject + Avoir or \u00catre (conjugated according to the subject) + Past participle<\/span><\/p>\n

Here are three examples of the past tense in French for er, re and ir verbs:<\/span>
\nEx. marcher \u2192 \u00a0march\u00e9 <\/span>(To walk \u2192 \u00a0walked)<\/span><\/i>
\nElle a march\u00e9. – <\/span>She walked. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Ex. Attendre \u2192 \u00a0attendu <\/span>(To wait \u2192 waited)<\/span><\/i>
\nNous avons attendu. <\/span>\u2013 We waited.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Ex. Finir \u2192 fini <\/span>(To finish \u2192 finished)<\/span><\/i>
\nTu as fini. <\/span>\u2013 You finished <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

English Translations of the Past Tense in French<\/b><\/h2>\n

There are three possible ways that the French past tense translates to English. Keep this in mind if you are doing any translating from English to French or vice versa. The following is an example using the verb danser (to dance) in the past tense.<\/span>
\nJ\u2019ai dans\u00e9 – I danced<\/span>
\nJ\u2019ai dans\u00e9 – I have danced<\/span>
\nJ\u2019ai dans\u00e9 – I did dance<\/span>
\nIn each case the French past tense is the same but the English translation is a little different. They all express the past tense just in slightly different ways.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Learn<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Which Verbs Take \u00catre, and Which Take Avoir?<\/b><\/h2>\n

Transitive verbs or verbs which describe coming and going movements take \u00eatre in the past tense. To help you to remember the verbs that take \u00eatre, think of a couple named Dr. and Mrs. Vandertramp. Each letter in their name stands for a verb that takes \u00eatre in the past tense in French. This famous acronym is often used in French classes to help you to remember these verbs. Here is a list of those verbs which take \u00eatre along with their past participles:<\/span><\/p>\n

Monter – mont\u00e9 (went up)<\/span>
\nRetourner – retourn\u00e9 (returned)<\/span>
\nSortir – sorti (went out)<\/span>
\nVenir – venu (came)<\/span>
\nArriver – \u00a0arriv\u00e9 (arrived)<\/span>
\nNa\u00eetre – n\u00e9 (was born)<\/span>
\nDescendre – descendu (went down)<\/span>
\nEntrer – entr\u00e9 (entered)<\/span>
\nRester – rest\u00e9 (stayed)<\/span>
\nTomber – tomb\u00e9 (fell)<\/span>
\nRentrer – rentr\u00e9 (went back in)<\/span>
\nAller – all\u00e9 (went)<\/span>
\nMourir – mort (died)<\/span>
\nPartir – parti (left)<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Learn<\/a><\/p>\n

Practice the Past Tense with a Postcard From Your Vacation<\/b><\/h2>\n

Choose a French-speaking country and do a little research about tourist sites to visit, foods they are famous for, what the weather is like and exciting things to do there. Try writing a postcard to friends and family using the French past tense. This exercise not only gets you to practice the past tense in French by writing about your hypothetical vacation but you also get to do a little research about French culture. Magnifique! (Magnificent!)<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Tips<\/p>\n

Forming the Past Tense in French<\/b><\/h2>\n

In French, <\/span>le pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 <\/span><\/i>is made up of two parts. The first part is the present tense of the verb avoir or \u00eatre. The second part is called <\/span>le participe pass\u00e9<\/span><\/i> (past participle). When you put these two components together you are able to describe events which took place in the past. Try to avoid the error of mixing up verbs which take \u00eatre and avoir in the past tense because it can lead to some awkward moments in a conversation. <\/span>
\nTake for example, if you are finished your French exam and exclaim to your teacher \u201cJe suis fini!\u201d as you hand it in. Your teacher smiles at you and shakes her head because you have just said \u201cI am dead\u201d instead of \u201cI\u2019ve finished\u201d. The correct way to say \u201cI\u2019ve finished\u201d in French is \u201cJ\u2019ai fini\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Learn French Faster Using LingQ<\/h2>\n

What’s the best way to learn French online<\/a>? By using content YOU love. While it’s great that the internet is full of resources for you to learn French, it can be a bit tedious going back and forth between sites, using different dictionaries to look up words, and so on and so forth.<\/p>\n

Well, using LingQ<\/strong>, you can keep all your favorite French content stored in one platform, easily look up new words, save vocabulary, and review them for later. You can turn content you love into lessons<\/a> optimized for learning a new language.<\/p>\n

You can turn something like this:<\/p>\n

\"News<\/p>\n

Into an easy-to-read (and listen, if you have audio to go along with the content) lesson where you can look up words instantly.<\/p>\n

\"Learn<\/p>\n

You can import videos, podcasts, and much more too! Check out our guide to importing content into LingQ<\/a> for more information.
\n
\n<\/span>Learn French<\/a> using LingQ, available for desktop as well as Android<\/a> and iOS<\/a>. Gain access to thousands of hours of audio and transcripts and begin your journey to fluency today.<\/span><\/p>\n

***<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rachel Graf taught French classes for eight years after studying the language in university and through French immersion programs in France and Quebec. She is also learning Spanish and German.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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