{"id":176482070,"date":"2017-10-23T14:10:28","date_gmt":"2017-10-23T21:10:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lingq.com\/blog-new\/?p=176482070"},"modified":"2026-02-03T03:17:35","modified_gmt":"2026-02-03T11:17:35","slug":"genitive-case-in-russian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lingq.com\/blog\/genitive-case-in-russian\/","title":{"rendered":"Conquering the Genitive Case in Russian"},"content":{"rendered":"

The Russian language is notorious for its six cases, which, along with the endings, arguably make up the biggest challenge for learners. Do not be daunted, though. If you take it one case at a time, you will see that they\u2019re not that hard to master.<\/span><\/p>\n

Let\u2019s concentrate on the basic uses of the genitive case in Russian for now.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Learn<\/a><\/p>\n

When to Use the Genitive Case in Russian<\/strong><\/h2>\n

To begin with, let\u2019s concentrate on when to use this case.<\/span><\/p>\n

To Show Possession<\/strong>
\n\u042d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430 <\/span>\u043e\u0442\u0446\u0430. \u2013 <\/span><\/i>This is my father\u2019s car.<\/span><\/p>\n

The word \u201c<\/span>\u043e\u0442\u0446\u0430<\/span><\/i>\u201d (\u201cfather\u2019s\u201d) is in the genitive case. As you can see, the word order is different in Russian than it is in English, and the word in the genitive case <\/span>always follows<\/span><\/i> the word in the nominative case (the object):<\/span><\/p>\n

\u042d\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e <\/span>\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430.<\/span><\/i> \u2013 This is my brother\u2019s book.<\/span>
\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0444\u043e\u043d <\/span>\u0410\u043d\u043d\u044b<\/span><\/i>. \u00a0\u2013 Bring Anna\u2019s phone.<\/span><\/p>\n

Note that to express possession in Russian, the English equivalent of which would be \u201c(someone) has (something)\u201d,<\/span> the following structure with the genitive case is used: <\/span>\u0423 + noun\/pronoun in the genitive case + \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c + noun\/pronoun in the \u00a0nominative case (subject)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0423 \u043e\u0442\u0446\u0430<\/i> \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430. \u2013 My father has a car.
\n\u0423 <\/span>\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430<\/span><\/i> \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430. \u2013 My brother has a book.<\/span>
\n\u0423 <\/span>\u0410\u043d\u043d\u044b<\/span><\/i> \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0444\u043e\u043d. \u2013 Anna has a phone.<\/span><\/p>\n

In Negations (after the word \u201c\u043d\u0435\u0442\u201d)<\/strong>
\n\u0423 \u043e\u0442\u0446\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0442 <\/span>\u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b. \u2013 <\/span><\/i>My father hasn\u2019t got a car<\/span>
\n\u0423 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0442 <\/span>\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438.<\/span><\/i> \u2013 My brother doesn\u2019t have a book.<\/span>
\n\u0423 \u0410\u043d\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0435\u0442 <\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0430. \u2013 <\/span><\/i>Anna hasn\u2019t got a phone.<\/span><\/p>\n

Note that in such sentences both nouns are used in the genitive case: \u00a0\u201c\u043e\u0442\u0446\u0430\u201d and \u201c\u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b\u201d, \u00a0\u00a0\u201c\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u201d and \u201c\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438\u201d, \u201c\u0410\u043d\u043d\u044b\u201d and \u201c\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0430\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0435\u0442 <\/span>\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430. <\/span><\/i>\u2013 We don\u2019t have any sugar<\/span>
\n\"Learn<\/a>
\nWhen We Speak of Part of the Whole<\/strong>
\n\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043d <\/span>\u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430 <\/span><\/i>\u2013 \u00a0a glass of milk<\/span>
\n\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0448\u0430 <\/span>\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430<\/span><\/i> \u2013 the roof of the house<\/span>
\n\u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e <\/span>\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b \u2013 <\/span><\/i>some water<\/span><\/p>\n

After Certain Verbs<\/strong>
\nVerbs such as <\/span>\u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0442\u044c<\/span><\/i> (want), <\/span>\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/span><\/i> (demand, request), <\/span>\u0431\u043e\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/span><\/i> (be afraid of) and <\/span>\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/span><\/i> (ask) use the genitive case:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u042f \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443 <\/span>\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/span><\/i>. \u2013 I want some water.<\/span>
\n\u041c\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f <\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0442\u044b.<\/span><\/i> \u2013 We are not afraid of the dark.<\/span>
\n\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c <\/span>\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/span><\/i> \u2013 ask permission.<\/span><\/p>\n

After Numerals<\/strong>
\n\u0414\u0432\u0430<\/span><\/i> (two), <\/span>\u0442\u0440\u0438<\/span><\/i> (three), <\/span>\u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435<\/span><\/i> (four) and their compounds like <\/span>\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0430<\/span><\/i> (twenty-two) we use words in the genitive case in singular:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0414\u0432\u0430 <\/span>\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u2013 <\/span><\/i>two houses<\/span>
\n\u0414\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0435 <\/span>\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438<\/span><\/i> \u2013 twenty-two \u00a0books<\/span>
\n\u0427\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0442\u0435 <\/span>\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u2013 <\/span><\/i>four cats<\/span><\/p>\n

For \u041f\u044f\u0442\u044c (five) and higher, as well as after the words <\/span>\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e (a lot\/much\/many), \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e (little\/few), \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e (how much\/many), \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e (a few)<\/span><\/i> we use words in the genitive case in plural:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u041f\u044f\u0442\u044c <\/span>\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u2013 <\/span><\/i>five houses<\/span>
\n\u041c\u0430\u043b\u043e<\/span> \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433<\/span><\/i> \u2013 few books<\/span>
\n\u0421\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e<\/span> \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/span><\/i> \u2013 how many cats?<\/span><\/p>\n

Forms of Words in the Genitive Case<\/strong><\/h2>\n

The endings of nouns in the genitive case are not as confusing as they seem to be at a first glance. <\/span>The tables below should make it easier for you to memorize the endings:<\/span><\/p>\n

Forming the Genitive Case of Singular Nouns<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Using
\nThe ending \u201c\u0430\u201d is added to the masculine ending in a hard consonant and neuter nouns ending \u00a0in \u201c-o\u201d<\/i> respectively.<\/p>\n

The ending \u201c-\u044f\u201d is added to masculine nouns ending in\u201d -\u0439\u201d, \u201c-\u044c\u201d<\/i> and neuter nouns ending in \u201c-\u0435\u201d and \u201c-\u0438\u0435\u201d.<\/i><\/p>\n

Feminine nouns ending in \u201c-\u044f\u201d, \u201c-\u044c\u201d<\/i> \u00a0take genitive singular ending \u201c-\u0438\u201d.<\/p>\n

Feminine nouns ending in \u201c-a\u201d <\/i>take genitive singular ending \u201c-\u044b\u201d.<\/p>\n

Please note that there are some exceptions due to the spelling rules:<\/span><\/p>\n

Add the ending \u201c<\/span>-\u0438\u201d<\/span><\/i> instead of \u201c<\/span>-\u044b\u201d<\/span><\/i> \u00a0in feminine nouns ending in hard \u201c-<\/span>\u043a\u201d, \u201c-\u0433\u201d, \u201c-\u0445\u201d or \u201c\u2013\u0436\u201d, \u201c-\u0448\u201d.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Add the ending \u201c-\u0430\u201d instead of \u201c-\u044f\u201d in masculine nouns ending in \u201c-\u0447\u201d and \u201c-\u0449\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n

The word \u201c\u043f\u0430\u043f\u0430\u201d (dad) is masculine but it has the same genitive form as a feminine noun because it ends in \u201c\u0430\u201d. Also, the genitive form of the noun \u201c\u0438\u043c\u044f\u201d (name) is \u201c<\/span>\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u201d.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Forming the Genitive Case of Plural Nouns<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Using<\/h2>\n

The majority of the masculine nouns ending in a consonant take the genitive plural ending \u201c-\u043e\u0432\u201d.<\/p>\n

The words \u201c\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u201d and \u201c\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u201d take the genitive plural ending \u00a0\u201c-\u044c\u0435\u0432\u201d<\/p>\n

A masculine noun ending in \u201c-\u0439\u201d <\/i>takes the genitive plural ending \u00a0\u201c-\u0435\u0432\u201d if the ending is stressed.<\/p>\n

A masculine noun ending in \u201c-\u0446\u201d <\/i>takes the genitive plural ending \u00a0\u201c-\u0435\u0432\u201d if the ending is unstressed.<\/p>\n

If a masculine noun ends in \u201c-\u0436\u201d,\u201d-\u0447\u201d,\u201d-\u0448\u201d,\u201d-\u0449\u201d,\u201d-\u044c\u201d ,<\/i> it takes the genitive plural ending \u00a0\u201c-\u0435\u0439\u201d.<\/p>\n

Please note that there are some exceptions, such as:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0437\u044c\u044f (friends) \u2013\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0433\u0438 (money, always plural in Russian) – \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0433\u043e\u0434 (year) \u2013 \u043b\u0435\u0442<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0440\u0430\u0437 (time) \u2013 \u0440\u0430\u0437<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a (person) \u2013 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a<\/span><\/p>\n

Some Things to Remember<\/strong>
\nNeuter nouns ending in \u201c-\u043e\u201d<\/i> remove \u201c<\/span>\u043e<\/i>\u201d, and sometimes a vowel is inserted between the two consonants as in \u201c\u043e\u043a\u043d\u043e\u201d \u2013 \u201c\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u201d, \u201c\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u043e\u201d \u2013 \u201c\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043c\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Neuter nouns ending in \u201c-\u0435\u201d<\/i> take the ending \u201c-\u0435\u0439\u201d.<\/p>\n

Neuter nouns ending in \u201c-\u044f\u201d<\/i> take the ending \u201c-\u0451\u043d\u201d.<\/p>\n

Neuter nouns ending in \u201c-\u0438\u0435\u201d<\/i> take the ending \u201c-\u0438\u0439\u201d.<\/p>\n

Feminine nouns ending in \u201c-\u044f\u201d<\/i> replace \u00a0\u201c\u044f\u201d by \u201c\u044c\u201d<\/p>\n

Feminine nouns ending in \u201c-\u0430\u201d<\/i> remove the \u201ca\u201d<\/i>, and sometimes a vowel is inserted between two consonants: \u201c\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043a\u0430\u201d \u2013 \u201c\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043a\u201d, \u201c\u043f\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044f\u201d \u2013 \u201c\u043f\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u201d.<\/p>\n

There are some exceptions, when a noun takes both the ending \u00a0\u201c\u044c\u201d \u00a0and a vowel is inserted between the consonants, i.e.:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0414\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f (village) \u2013 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u041a\u0443\u0445\u043d\u044f (kitchen)-\u043a\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043d\u044c<\/span><\/p>\n

Learn Russian Faster Using LingQ<\/h2>\n

These days, learning a new language is easier than ever…thanks to the internet.<\/p>\n

Immersing yourself in Russian doesn\u2019t require you to travel abroad or sign up for an expensive language program.<\/p>\n

However, it can be a bit tiresome to find interesting content, go back and forth between sites, use different dictionaries to look up words, and so on.<\/p>\n

That\u2019s why there\u2019s LingQ, the <\/span>best way to learn Russian<\/span><\/a> from content you love!<\/span><\/p>\n

You can import videos, podcasts, and much more and turn them into interactive lessons.<\/p>\n

Keep all your favorite Russian content stored in one place, easily look up new words, save vocabulary, and review. Check out our guide to importing content into LingQ for more information.<\/p>\n

LingQ is available for desktop as well as Android<\/a> and iOS<\/a>. Gain access to thousands of hours of audio and transcripts and begin your journey to fluency today.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Ievgeniia Logvinenko is passionate about languages and holds a Master\u2019s degree in English philology. In addition to English, she speaks Russian, Ukrainian, Polish, German and basic French.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Russian language is notorious for its six cases, which, along with the endings, arguably make up the biggest challenge for learners. Do not be daunted, though. If you take …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":176586401,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[90,105],"class_list":["post-176482070","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-learning-russian","tag-basic-russian","tag-english"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nConquering the Genitive Case in Russian<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Never worry about how and when to use the genitive case in Russian again! 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